{"schema":"5lc-index-ledger/1","key":"energy-fuel","layer":"energy","sublayer":"fuel","asOf":"2026-10-22","about":"5LC Importance Index ledger for one sublayer: the measure card, the current ten with any editorial overrides and their reasons, the computed result for every scored company (Importance = share of AI output × years to replace, Reach, replacement years, Rising, the Monte Carlo rank simulation and its stability class, validation, the revenue baseline and rater agreement), each scored company's sourced inputs and irreplaceability ratings, and the sublayer's validation cases with their sources. Monte Carlo frequencies describe the stated input ranges, not true probabilities. Omitted: the free-text notes of the internal check passes and of rating reconciliations, and the location of the internal card review; references to local evidence files and to internal method decisions are replaced by plain descriptions.","roster":{"members":[{"entityId":"urenco","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"rosatom","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"orano","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"cameco","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"coal-india","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"kazatomprom","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"china-energy-investment","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"nioc","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"shaanxi-coal-chemical","slot":"rising","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"shandong-energy","slot":"rising","since":"2026-10-22"}],"pending":{},"lastRun":"2026-10-22","resultsDate":"2026-10-22"},"card":{"schema":"5lc-index-card/1","key":"energy-fuel","layer":"energy","sublayer":"fuel","version":1,"scope":"Coal, natural gas and nuclear fuel supplied to the power plants that generate data-centre electricity: coal and gas production, gas pipelines and LNG, and uranium mining, conversion, enrichment and fuel fabrication. Wind, solar and hydro burn no fuel; bioenergy, oil and other minor sources are left out. Running the plants is Generation; making their equipment is Power equipment.","outputMeasure":"Fuel for the electricity data centres use, weighted by each fuel's share of it.","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","hardToReplace":"Coal and gas have many producers, but pipelines take years to permit and build. Nuclear fuel passes through a few conversion, enrichment and fabrication plants that take years to license.","functions":[{"id":"coal","name":"Coal for power","why":"About 30% of data-centre electricity, mostly in China.","weight":{"low":0.2535,"central":0.4225,"high":0.5915},"weightSource":{"url":"https://www.iea.org/reports/energy-and-ai/energy-supply-for-ai","title":"Energy and AI: Energy supply for AI","publisher":"International Energy Agency","publishedDate":"2025-04-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-21","tier":"T4","locator":"Global electricity supply to meet data centre demand: coal 'about 30%', renewables 'about 27%', natural gas '26%', nuclear '15%' (physical mix of electricity consumed by data centres, 2024); United States: gas 'over 40%', renewables 24%, nuclear 'around 20%', coal 'around 15%'"},"shareData":"Coal supplied to power plants (tonnes); China 58%, US 23%, other 19%"},{"id":"gas-production","name":"Natural gas production","why":"26% of data-centre electricity; production an estimated 82% of its cost.","weight":{"low":0.1794,"central":0.299,"high":0.4186},"weightSource":{"url":"https://www.iea.org/reports/energy-and-ai/energy-supply-for-ai","title":"Energy and AI: Energy supply for AI","publisher":"International Energy Agency","publishedDate":"2025-04-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-21","tier":"T4","locator":"Global electricity supply to meet data centre demand: coal 'about 30%', renewables 'about 27%', natural gas '26%', nuclear '15%' (physical mix of electricity consumed by data centres, 2024); United States: gas 'over 40%', renewables 24%, nuclear 'around 20%', coal 'around 15%'"},"shareData":"Share of the region's marketed gas production (volume) or of its gas transport and LNG revenue (US dollars); regions US 71%, China 3%, other 26%"},{"id":"gas-transport","name":"Gas pipelines and LNG","why":"An estimated 18% of delivered gas cost.","weight":{"low":0.0337,"central":0.0672,"high":0.0942},"weightSource":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_pri_sum_dcu_nus_a.htm","title":"Natural Gas Prices (annual, US)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2026-09-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Electric power price, $/Mcf: 2021 5.43, 2022 7.51, 2023 3.50, 2024 2.87, 2025 4.02; compared with Henry Hub spot (series RNGWHHD, $/MMBtu: 3.89, 6.45, 2.53, 2.19, 3.52; release 2026-10-21)"},"shareData":"Share of the region's marketed gas production (volume) or of its gas transport and LNG revenue (US dollars); regions US 71%, China 3%, other 26%"},{"id":"uranium-mining","name":"Uranium mining","why":"Nuclear is 15% of data-centre electricity; uranium an estimated 43% of fuel cost.","weight":{"low":0.0543,"central":0.0905,"high":0.1267},"weightSource":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","title":"Cameco Corporation 2025 management's discussion and analysis (Form 40-F, exhibit 99.3)","publisher":"Cameco Corporation / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026-02-13","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Industry prices, 2025 annual averages: long-term uranium US$81.96/lb U3O8; long-term UF6 conversion, North America, US$51.41/kgU"},"shareData":"Stage output (tonnes U or SWU); US 60%, China 8%, other 32%"},{"id":"conversion","name":"Uranium conversion","why":"An estimated 10% of nuclear fuel cost.","weight":{"low":0.013,"central":0.0217,"high":0.0304},"weightSource":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","title":"Cameco Corporation 2025 management's discussion and analysis (Form 40-F, exhibit 99.3)","publisher":"Cameco Corporation / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026-02-13","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Industry prices, 2025 annual averages: long-term uranium US$81.96/lb U3O8; long-term UF6 conversion, North America, US$51.41/kgU"},"shareData":"Stage output (tonnes U or SWU); US 60%, China 8%, other 32%"},{"id":"enrichment","name":"Uranium enrichment","why":"An estimated 39% of nuclear fuel cost.","weight":{"low":0.0493,"central":0.0822,"high":0.1151},"weightSource":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1065059/000162828026007117/leu-20251231.htm","title":"Centrus Energy Corp. Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025","publisher":"Centrus Energy / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Item 7 market discussion: SWU spot price indicator (TradeTech) 'reaching $200 per SWU by December 31, 2025'"},"shareData":"Stage output (tonnes U or SWU); US 60%, China 8%, other 32%"},{"id":"fuel-fabrication","name":"Fuel fabrication","why":"An estimated 8% of nuclear fuel cost.","weight":{"low":0.0101,"central":0.0169,"high":0.038},"weightSource":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/economic-aspects/economics-of-nuclear-power","title":"Economics of Nuclear Power","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-03-24","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Table 'front-end fuel cycle costs for 1 kg of uranium as UO2 fuel': 8.9 kg U3O8, 7.5 kg U conversion, 7.3 SWU, fuel fabrication $300 per kg (prices as of September 2021)"},"shareData":"Stage output (tonnes U or SWU); US 60%, China 8%, other 32%"}],"risingFloorPct":1,"validationCaseIds":[],"knownGaps":["The fuel mix is IEA's estimate for 2024; no later published mix was readable for this card.","Regional factors in shareData are 5LayerCake estimates combining IEA's global, US and China figures with China's 2025 national power mix (Ember); each company's regional shares are combined with them.","The 'other' region's coal is dominated by India's power coal, although India's data-centre load is small.","The gas transport share is the US delivered price to power plants minus Henry Hub, which also contains regional price differences; LNG costs for gas used outside the United States are not measured separately.","Nuclear stage costs use WNA quantities and its 2021 fabrication price with 2025 uranium and conversion term prices and the end-2025 enrichment spot price; term enrichment prices are not public.","Enrichment output is rarely published by company; capacity (WNA table) is off basis.","Company supply to power plants by region is often unpublished, especially for Chinese coal groups, which report total sales.","Coal moved by general freight railways and ships is outside this sublayer."],"approval":{"approver":"Claude (delegated by Dachi)","date":"2026-10-22","sha256":"056bebf76b339ee9621f01557d8dbd7cf8865025df845883ae3174ffa7432694","delegatedOn":"2026-10-22"}},"result":{"schema":"5lc-index-result/1","key":"energy-fuel","asOf":"2026-10-22","methodVersion":"1.1","methodSha256":"3cabed6b38514c263d8b86a494e8cc19cdbd0b2a1013543dc024192c49f7a6a6","cardSha256":"056bebf76b339ee9621f01557d8dbd7cf8865025df845883ae3174ffa7432694","validationSha256":"409931bb458f38b02342c9bf43e61eab299e47d8679912af2c96074ec556f17e","inputsSha256":"8e3fb0aea00679e11bc16c461003ad5fa16a7e61725536714b5b6177c3a9cfd8","unscreened":[],"companies":[{"entityId":"urenco","name":"Urenco","reachPct":3.528024,"importance":8.89006340425,"importanceRank":1,"functions":[{"id":"coal","weight":0.4225,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false},{"id":"gas-production","weight":0.299,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false},{"id":"gas-transport","weight":0.0672,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false},{"id":"uranium-mining","weight":0.0905,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false},{"id":"conversion","weight":0.0217,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false},{"id":"enrichment","weight":0.0822,"sharePct":42.92,"shareLowPct":6.438,"shareHighPct":79.402,"stale":false,"offBasis":true,"level":4.33333333333,"years":2.519842099783924,"disagreement":false},{"id":"fuel-fabrication","weight":0.0169,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false}],"rising":100,"risingEligible":true,"risingComponents":{"growth":100,"committed":100},"mc":{"medianRank":1,"rankP10":1,"rankP90":3,"pTop8":0.9965,"pSelected":1,"stability":"firm"},"baselineRevenueRank":7},{"entityId":"rosatom","name":"Rosatom 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Infrastructure)","reachPct":0.04704,"importance":0.01176,"importanceRank":118,"functions":[{"id":"coal","weight":0.4225,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false},{"id":"gas-production","weight":0.299,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false},{"id":"gas-transport","weight":0.0672,"sharePct":0.7,"shareLowPct":0.28,"shareHighPct":1.12,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":1,"years":0.25,"disagreement":false,"defaultLevel":true},{"id":"uranium-mining","weight":0.0905,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false},{"id":"conversion","weight":0.0217,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false},{"id":"enrichment","weight":0.0822,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false},{"id":"fuel-fabrication","weight":0.0169,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false}],"rising":null,"risingEligible":false,"risingComponents":{},"mc":{"medianRank":118,"rankP10":115,"rankP90":119,"pTop8":0,"pSelected":0,"stability":"borderline"},"baselineRevenueRank":null},{"entityId":"centrus","name":"Centrus Energy","reachPct":0.02466,"importance":0.006165,"importanceRank":119,"functions":[{"id":"coal","weight":0.4225,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false},{"id":"gas-production","weight":0.299,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false},{"id":"gas-transport","weight":0.0672,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false},{"id":"uranium-mining","weight":0.0905,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false},{"id":"conversion","weight":0.0217,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false},{"id":"enrichment","weight":0.0822,"sharePct":0.3,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":5.075,"stale":false,"offBasis":true,"level":1,"years":0.25,"disagreement":false,"defaultLevel":true},{"id":"fuel-fabrication","weight":0.0169,"sharePct":0,"shareLowPct":0,"shareHighPct":0,"stale":false,"offBasis":false,"level":null,"years":null,"disagreement":false}],"rising":null,"risingEligible":false,"risingComponents":{},"mc":{"medianRank":104,"rankP10":69,"rankP90":119,"pTop8":0,"pSelected":0,"stability":"borderline"},"baselineRevenueRank":8}],"selection":{"importanceIds":["urenco","rosatom","orano","cameco","coal-india","kazatomprom","china-energy-investment","nioc"],"risingIds":["shaanxi-coal-chemical","shandong-energy"],"filledFromImportance":[]},"risingPools":{"growth":12,"shareChange":8,"committed":2},"weightSensitivity":[{"functionId":"coal","end":"low","entered":["cnnc"],"left":["china-energy-investment"]},{"functionId":"coal","end":"high","entered":["jinneng-holding"],"left":["nioc"]},{"functionId":"gas-production","end":"low","entered":["cnnc"],"left":["nioc"]},{"functionId":"gas-production","end":"high","entered":[],"left":[]},{"functionId":"gas-transport","end":"low","entered":[],"left":[]},{"functionId":"gas-transport","end":"high","entered":[],"left":[]},{"functionId":"uranium-mining","end":"low","entered":["cnnc"],"left":["shandong-energy"]},{"functionId":"uranium-mining","end":"high","entered":[],"left":[]},{"functionId":"conversion","end":"low","entered":[],"left":[]},{"functionId":"conversion","end":"high","entered":[],"left":[]},{"functionId":"enrichment","end":"low","entered":[],"left":[]},{"functionId":"enrichment","end":"high","entered":["cnnc"],"left":["nioc"]},{"functionId":"fuel-fabrication","end":"low","entered":[],"left":[]},{"functionId":"fuel-fabrication","end":"high","entered":[],"left":[]}],"validation":[],"baseline":{"spearman":-0.0952380952381,"baselineTop10NotSelected":["cheniere","kinder-morgan","williams","centrus"],"selectedNotInBaselineTop10":["rosatom","orano","coal-india","nioc","shandong-energy","shaanxi-coal-chemical"]},"raterAgreement":{"within":0.741573033708,"weightedKappa":0.815370937469,"disagreements":["gazprom:gas-transport","nuclear-fuel-complex:fuel-fabrication"]}},"inputs":{"urenco":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"urenco","name":"Urenco","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.urenco.com/about","title":"About us | Urenco","publisher":"Urenco","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'About us | Urenco'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: enrichment company (UK, Germany, Netherlands, US)"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.urenco.com/about","title":"About us | Urenco","publisher":"Urenco","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'About us | Urenco'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: enrichment company (UK, Germany, Netherlands, US)"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.urenco.com/about","title":"About us | Urenco","publisher":"Urenco","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'About us | Urenco'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: enrichment company (UK, Germany, Netherlands, US)"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"low":42.92,"central":42.92,"high":42.92,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/xls/umartable16figure15.xlsx","title":"2025 Uranium Marketing Annual Report, Table 16: Purchases of enrichment services by origin country","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2026-07","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 16, 2025 purchases of enrichment services by origin country; Table 25 lists the enrichment sellers"},"note":"Urenco (UK, Germany, Netherlands, US). US region 55% x 60% + China region 8% x 8% + rest of world 29% x 32% = 42.92%. EIA 2025 Uranium Marketing Annual Report, Table 16 (12.7 million SWU bought by US reactors, by origin): US 2.93 (Urenco USA), France 2.23 (Orano), Netherlands 1.06 and UK 1.83 (Urenco), Russia 3.28 (Rosatom), withheld Germany/China/other 1.38 (mostly Urenco's Gronau); Urenco is taken as about 55% of the US region (Netherlands + UK + US = 5.81 of 12.71 million SWU = 45.7%, plus most of the withheld part). China-region and rest-of-world columns are 5LayerCake estimates from World Nuclear Association 2025 capacity (Rosatom 29,133, Urenco 17,300, CNNC 13,789 estimate, Orano 7,500, other 355 thousand SWU/yr; total 68,076). Urenco's own annual report puts its capacity at 17.2 million SWU/year at the end of 2025 (17.3 in 2024), which agrees with the table within 1%. Capacity is not delivered SWU, so the observation is flagged off-basis. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width).","offBasis":true},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"enrichment":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"9896db5b41e380a775b5f07150b301b1ab2bf6d985704201385c0a0dd430479e"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"9896db5b41e380a775b5f07150b301b1ab2bf6d985704201385c0a0dd430479e"}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":2096,"central":2096,"high":2096,"unit":"EUR million","basis":"Urenco Group revenue, calendar year, millions of euros","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.urenco.com/cdn/uploads/supporting-files/Urenco_2025_annual_report.pdf","title":"Urenco Annual report and accounts 2025","publisher":"Urenco","publishedDate":"2026-03-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Financial outcomes, 'Revenue: EUR 2,096 million (2024: EUR 1,877 million)' (PDF page 7)"},"note":"Group revenue, essentially all enrichment (SWU) sales plus a small isotopes business."},"prior":{"low":1877,"central":1877,"high":1877,"unit":"EUR million","basis":"Urenco Group revenue, calendar year, millions of euros","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.urenco.com/cdn/uploads/supporting-files/Urenco_2025_annual_report.pdf","title":"Urenco Annual report and accounts 2025","publisher":"Urenco","publishedDate":"2026-03-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Financial outcomes, 2024 comparative (PDF page 7)"}}},"committedExpansion":{"low":10.162,"central":10.162,"high":10.162,"unit":"ratio","basis":"Contract order book at year-end divided by calendar-year revenue","period":"Order book at 31 December 2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.urenco.com/cdn/uploads/supporting-files/Urenco_2025_annual_report.pdf","title":"Urenco Annual report and accounts 2025","publisher":"Urenco","publishedDate":"2026-03-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Financial outcomes and Chair's statement: contract order book EUR 21.3 billion at 31 December 2025 (EUR 18.7 billion in 2024)"},"note":"The company says its contract order book, extending into the 2040s, was EUR 21.3 billion at 31 December 2025. 21.3 / 2.096 (2025 revenue, EUR billion, annual report) = 10.16. The order book is multi-decade, so the ratio is large; it is the same definition for every company. The order book is a company figure, not audited (T2)."},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":2368438080,"central":2368438080,"high":2368438080,"unit":"USD","basis":"Group revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.urenco.com/cdn/uploads/supporting-files/Urenco_2025_annual_report.pdf","title":"Urenco Annual report and accounts 2025","publisher":"Urenco","publishedDate":"2026-03-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Financial outcomes: Revenue EUR 2,096 million (PDF page 7)"},"note":"EUR 2,096 million x 1.12998 US dollars per euro (ECB annual average for 2025, https://data-api.ecb.europa.eu/service/data/EXR/A.USD.EUR.SP00.A, opened 22 October 2026) = US$2,368.4 million. All of Urenco's revenue is counted as enrichment revenue."}},"rosatom":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"rosatom","name":"Rosatom (Uranium One, ARMZ, TVEL, TENEX)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"uranium-mining":{"low":7.044,"central":7.044,"high":7.044,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 'Uranium production by company 2024' (tonnes U and share of world total)"},"note":"Rosatom group: Uranium One 5,829 tU plus Rosatom (ARMZ) 2,738 tU = 8,567 tU in 2024 (WNA); Uranium One is consolidated into Rosatom. US region 3.5% x 60% + China region 5% x 8% + rest of world 14.2% x 32% = 7.04%. US region allocations start from the EIA 2025 purchases by origin (46.9 million lb U3O8e: Canada 32.4%, Kazakhstan 28.4%, Australia 15.1%, Uzbekistan 7.0%, US 7.2%, Namibia 3.5%, Ukraine 2.3%, Niger 0.5%, withheld origins 3.5%) and split each origin between its producers by 5LayerCake judgement; China-region and rest-of-world columns are 5LayerCake estimates (rest of world uses the World Nuclear Association 2024 equity shares: Kazatomprom 20.7%, Cameco 16.9%, Orano 11.3%, Uranium One 9.7%, CGN 9.6%, Navoi 6.6%, CNNC 5.5%, Rosatom 4.5%, BHP 4.5%, General Atomics/Quasar 3.0%, other 7.7% of 60,213 tU). Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"conversion":{"low":18.8,"central":18.8,"high":18.8,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 'Estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024'"},"note":"Rosatom Seversk. US region 10% x 60% + China region 8% x 8% + rest of world 38% x 32% = 18.8%. World Nuclear Association: estimated 2024 UF6 production 56,259 tU: Cameco 11,375, CNNC 13,489 (estimate), ConverDyn 6,370, Orano 13,650, Rosatom 11,375. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates of who supplies each region's conversion: US reactors mainly Cameco, ConverDyn and Orano; Chinese reactors mainly CNNC; the rest of the world mainly Orano and Rosatom. ConverDyn is a partnership of Solstice (51%) and General Atomics (49%); its volume is split by ownership so it is counted once. Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"enrichment":{"low":31,"central":31,"high":31,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/xls/umartable16figure15.xlsx","title":"2025 Uranium Marketing Annual Report, Table 16: Purchases of enrichment services by origin country","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2026-07","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 16, 2025 purchases of enrichment services by origin country; Table 25 lists the enrichment sellers"},"note":"Rosatom (TENEX). US region 25.8% x 60% + China region 10% x 8% + rest of world 46% x 32% = 31.0%. EIA 2025 Uranium Marketing Annual Report, Table 16 (12.7 million SWU bought by US reactors, by origin): US 2.93 (Urenco USA), France 2.23 (Orano), Netherlands 1.06 and UK 1.83 (Urenco), Russia 3.28 (Rosatom), withheld Germany/China/other 1.38 (Urenco's Gronau and a small Chinese part). Urenco is taken as about 55% of the US region. China-region and rest-of-world columns are 5LayerCake estimates from World Nuclear Association 2025 capacity (CNNC 13,789 estimate, Orano 7,500, Rosatom 29,133, Urenco 17,300, other 355 thousand SWU/yr; total 68,076) with CNNC's output counted mostly in China; capacity is not delivered SWU, so the observation is flagged off-basis. Source date: Sheet header reads 'Release Date: July 2026'. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width).","offBasis":true},"fuel-fabrication":{"low":7.384,"central":7.384,"high":7.384,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 1 and 2: world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity, tonnes/yr"},"note":"TVEL (credited to Rosatom). US region 1% x 60% + China region 8% x 8% + rest of world 19.2% x 32% = 7.38%. World Nuclear Association Nuclear Fuel Report 2025 capacity (rod/assembly, tHM/yr; LWR 14,912 plus PHWR 4,946 = 19,858): Westinghouse 3,000 (Columbia 1,600, Vasteras 800, Springfields 600), Framatome 3,250 (Richland 1,200, Romans 1,400, Lingen 650), GNF 1,630 (Wilmington 1,000, GNF-J 630), TVEL 2,760, CNNC 1,646 (Yibin 800, Baotou 600+246), KEPCO NF 1,300, Cameco Port Hope 1,650, BWXT 1,200, India NFC 1,048, MHI 440, NFI 534, ENUSA 500, INB 240, SNN 250, Conuar 210, Ulba-FA 200. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates: US reactors Westinghouse 38%, Framatome 30%, GNF 30%; Chinese reactors CNNC 72%; rest of world by capacity outside the US plants and CNNC. Capacity is not tonnes delivered, so the observation is flagged off-basis. Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width).","offBasis":true}},"screening":{"uranium-mining":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"conversion":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"enrichment":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5},"fuel-fabrication":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"ba7dfb1d16dcf61eddbfb053336fde30be04a481d4098e1309bfeb38547426f3"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"ba7dfb1d16dcf61eddbfb053336fde30be04a481d4098e1309bfeb38547426f3"}}},"orano":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"orano","name":"Orano","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"uranium-mining":{"low":10.8,"central":10.8,"high":10.8,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 'Uranium production by company 2024' (tonnes U and share of world total)"},"note":"Orano 6,815 tU in 2024 (WNA): Cigar Lake 30%, Kazakh joint ventures; Niger (SOMAIR) was nationalised in 2025. US region 11.7% x 60% + China region 2% x 8% + rest of world 11.3% x 32% = 10.8%. US region allocations start from the EIA 2025 purchases by origin (46.9 million lb U3O8e: Canada 32.4%, Kazakhstan 28.4%, Australia 15.1%, Uzbekistan 7.0%, US 7.2%, Namibia 3.5%, Ukraine 2.3%, Niger 0.5%, withheld origins 3.5%) and split each origin between its producers by 5LayerCake judgement; China-region and rest-of-world columns are 5LayerCake estimates (rest of world uses the World Nuclear Association 2024 equity shares: Kazatomprom 20.7%, Cameco 16.9%, Orano 11.3%, Uranium One 9.7%, CGN 9.6%, Navoi 6.6%, CNNC 5.5%, Rosatom 4.5%, BHP 4.5%, General Atomics/Quasar 3.0%, other 7.7% of 60,213 tU). Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"conversion":{"low":23.84,"central":23.84,"high":23.84,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 'Estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024'"},"note":"Orano Malvesi and Tricastin (WNA 13,650 tU in 2024). US region 24% x 60% + China region 6% x 8% + rest of world 28% x 32% = 23.84%. World Nuclear Association: estimated 2024 UF6 production 56,259 tU: Cameco 11,375, CNNC 13,489 (estimate), ConverDyn 6,370, Orano 13,650, Rosatom 11,375. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates of who supplies each region's conversion: US reactors mainly Cameco, ConverDyn and Orano; Chinese reactors mainly CNNC; the rest of the world mainly Orano and Rosatom. ConverDyn is a partnership of Solstice (51%) and General Atomics (49%); its volume is split by ownership so it is counted once. Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"enrichment":{"low":16.56,"central":16.56,"high":16.56,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/xls/umartable16figure15.xlsx","title":"2025 Uranium Marketing Annual Report, Table 16: Purchases of enrichment services by origin country","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2026-07","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 16, 2025 purchases of enrichment services by origin country; Table 25 lists the enrichment sellers"},"note":"Orano Georges Besse II. US region 17.6% x 60% + China region 7% x 8% + rest of world 17% x 32% = 16.56%. EIA 2025 Uranium Marketing Annual Report, Table 16 (12.7 million SWU bought by US reactors, by origin): US 2.93 (Urenco USA), France 2.23 (Orano), Netherlands 1.06 and UK 1.83 (Urenco), Russia 3.28 (Rosatom), withheld Germany/China/other 1.38 (Urenco's Gronau and a small Chinese part). Urenco is taken as about 55% of the US region. China-region and rest-of-world columns are 5LayerCake estimates from World Nuclear Association 2025 capacity (CNNC 13,789 estimate, Orano 7,500, Rosatom 29,133, Urenco 17,300, other 355 thousand SWU/yr; total 68,076) with CNNC's output counted mostly in China; capacity is not delivered SWU, so the observation is flagged off-basis. Source date: Sheet header reads 'Release Date: July 2026'. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width).","offBasis":true},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"uranium-mining":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"conversion":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"enrichment":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"e2fdde64c2f252e83f8d5a81445139eca4d24918d33d9e0b57ae787b8a18e2ab"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"e2fdde64c2f252e83f8d5a81445139eca4d24918d33d9e0b57ae787b8a18e2ab"}}},"cameco":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cameco","name":"Cameco","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.cameco.com/businesses/uranium-operations/canada/mcarthur-river-key-lake","title":"McArthur River/Key Lake | Cameco","publisher":"Cameco","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'McArthur River/Key Lake | Cameco'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: uranium miner, converter and fuel maker"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.cameco.com/businesses/uranium-operations/canada/mcarthur-river-key-lake","title":"McArthur River/Key Lake | Cameco","publisher":"Cameco","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'McArthur River/Key Lake | Cameco'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: uranium miner, converter and fuel maker"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.cameco.com/businesses/uranium-operations/canada/mcarthur-river-key-lake","title":"McArthur River/Key Lake | Cameco","publisher":"Cameco","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'McArthur River/Key Lake | Cameco'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: uranium miner, converter and fuel maker"}},"uranium-mining":{"low":20.68,"central":20.68,"high":20.68,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","title":"Cameco Corporation 2025 management's discussion and analysis (Form 40-F, exhibit 99.3)","publisher":"Cameco Corporation / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026-02-13","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Operational and marketing performance table (production 21.0 million lb, 2024: 23.4) and 'Of note in 2025' (Inkai 3.7 million lb our share)"},"note":"Cameco equity-share production in 2025: 21.0 million lb U3O8 from its owned and operated properties (McArthur River/Key Lake and Cigar Lake) plus 3.7 million lb as its share of JV Inkai (the company's 2025 MD&A) = 24.7 million lb x 0.3846 kgU per lb U3O8 = 9,501 tU. World total 2025 about 67,600 tU (Kazatomprom's FY2025 report: its 13,519 tU is 20% of global primary supply, UxC). Rest-of-world column 9,501 / 67,600 = 14.06%. US region 26.7% x 60% + China region 2% x 8% + rest of world 14.06% x 32% = 20.68%. US region: Canada-origin purchases were 15,207 of 46,871 thousand lb U3O8e (32.4%) and Kazakhstan-origin 13,331 (28.4%) in the EIA 2025 Uranium Marketing Annual Report (Table 3); Cameco is taken as 75% of Canadian and 8.5% of Kazakh origin. The World Nuclear Association 2024 table had Cameco at 10,193 tU (17% of 60,213). Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"conversion":{"low":27.88,"central":27.88,"high":27.88,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 'Estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024'"},"note":"Cameco Port Hope. US region 35% x 60% + China region 6% x 8% + rest of world 20% x 32% = 27.88%. World Nuclear Association: estimated 2024 UF6 production 56,259 tU: Cameco 11,375, CNNC 13,489 (estimate), ConverDyn 6,370, Orano 13,650, Rosatom 11,375. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates of who supplies each region's conversion: US reactors mainly Cameco, ConverDyn and Orano; Chinese reactors mainly CNNC; the rest of the world mainly Orano and Rosatom. ConverDyn is a partnership of Solstice (51%) and General Atomics (49%); its volume is split by ownership so it is counted once. Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"low":3.648,"central":3.648,"high":3.648,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 1 and 2: world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity, tonnes/yr"},"note":"Cameco Fuel Manufacturing, Port Hope (CANDU). US region 0% x 60% + China region 0% x 8% + rest of world 11.4% x 32% = 3.65%. World Nuclear Association Nuclear Fuel Report 2025 capacity (rod/assembly, tHM/yr; LWR 14,912 plus PHWR 4,946 = 19,858): Westinghouse 3,000 (Columbia 1,600, Vasteras 800, Springfields 600), Framatome 3,250 (Richland 1,200, Romans 1,400, Lingen 650), GNF 1,630 (Wilmington 1,000, GNF-J 630), TVEL 2,760, CNNC 1,646 (Yibin 800, Baotou 600+246), KEPCO NF 1,300, Cameco Port Hope 1,650, BWXT 1,200, India NFC 1,048, MHI 440, NFI 534, ENUSA 500, INB 240, SNN 250, Conuar 210, Ulba-FA 200. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates: US reactors Westinghouse 38%, Framatome 30%, GNF 30%; Chinese reactors CNNC 72%; rest of world by capacity outside the US plants and CNNC. Capacity is not tonnes delivered, so the observation is flagged off-basis. Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width).","offBasis":true}},"screening":{"uranium-mining":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"conversion":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"fuel-fabrication":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"8ab3b78c2d1e3034b3d33a01997d6243c02996dd16f1d3c5b789a54d95d444cc"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"8ab3b78c2d1e3034b3d33a01997d6243c02996dd16f1d3c5b789a54d95d444cc"}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":24.7,"central":24.7,"high":24.7,"unit":"million lb U3O8","basis":"Cameco equity-share uranium production including JV Inkai, calendar year, million lb U3O8","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","title":"Cameco Corporation 2025 management's discussion and analysis (Form 40-F, exhibit 99.3)","publisher":"Cameco Corporation / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026-02-13","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Operational and marketing performance table: production 21.0 million lb; 'Of note in 2025': Inkai 3.7 million lb our share"},"note":"21.0 (owned and operated properties) + 3.7 (JV Inkai, Cameco's share) million lb U3O8."},"prior":{"low":27,"central":27,"high":27,"unit":"million lb U3O8","basis":"Cameco equity-share uranium production including JV Inkai, calendar year, million lb U3O8","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","title":"Cameco Corporation 2025 management's discussion and analysis (Form 40-F, exhibit 99.3)","publisher":"Cameco Corporation / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026-02-13","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Operational and marketing performance table: 2024 production 23.4 million lb; 'Of note in 2025': Inkai 3.6 million lb our share in 2024"},"note":"23.4 + 3.6 million lb U3O8."}},"committedExpansion":{"low":1.174,"central":1.235,"high":1.296,"unit":"ratio","basis":"Committed 2026 uranium deliveries divided by 2025 equity-share production","period":"Commitments stated in the 2025 MD&A","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","title":"Cameco Corporation 2025 management's discussion and analysis (Form 40-F, exhibit 99.3)","publisher":"Cameco Corporation / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026-02-13","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Sales delivery outlook for 2026: committed sales volumes in the uranium segment of between 29 million and 32 million pounds; contract commitments average about 28 million pounds a year 2026-2030"},"note":"The company says it has committed uranium sales volumes of 29 to 32 million lb for 2026 (midpoint 30.5) and average deliveries of about 28 million lb a year over 2026 to 2030. 30.5 / 24.7 million lb (2025 equity production, above) = 1.235; range 29/24.7 = 1.174 to 32/24.7 = 1.296. Commitments can be met from purchases as well as production, so the ratio is to production, the sublayer's output measure."},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":2459385720,"central":2459385720,"high":2459385720,"unit":"USD","basis":"Uranium and fuel services segment revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","title":"Cameco Corporation 2025 management's discussion and analysis (Form 40-F, exhibit 99.3)","publisher":"Cameco Corporation / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026-02-13","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Segmented financial performance: uranium segment revenue CAD 2,874 million and fuel services segment revenue CAD 562 million (2025)"},"note":"Uranium segment CAD 2,874 million + fuel services segment CAD 562 million = CAD 3,436 million (total consolidated revenue CAD 3,482 million includes the Westinghouse-related and other segment amounts that are not counted). CAD 3,436 million x 0.71577 US dollars per Canadian dollar = US$2,459.4 million. Exchange rates: ECB euro reference rates, annual averages for 2025 (https://data-api.ecb.europa.eu/service/data/EXR/A.USD.EUR.SP00.A, https://data-api.ecb.europa.eu/service/data/EXR/A.CAD.EUR.SP00.A, opened 22 October 2026): USD 1.12998 and CAD 1.57873 per euro, so one Canadian dollar is US$0.71577."}},"coal-india":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"coal-india","name":"Coal India","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":4.799,"central":4.799,"high":4.799,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"FY2025-26 (April 2025 to March 2026)","periodEnd":"2026-03-31","source":{"url":"https://d3u7ubx0okog7j.cloudfront.net/documents/PRODUCTION.pdf","title":"Coal India Limited: Provisional production and off-take performance of CIL and subsidiary companies, March 2026 and April 2025 to March 2026 (Annexure A)","publisher":"Coal India Limited (stock-exchange filing)","publishedDate":"2026-04-01","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Annexure A, CIL off-take 744.8 Mt (April 2025 to March 2026)"},"note":"rest of world: FY2025-26 off-take (April 2025 to March 2026): 744.80 Mt x 0.78 power-coal share = 580.94 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 4.799% (total 4.799%). Annexure A of the company's filing: coal production 768.1 Mt and off-take 744.8 Mt in April 2025 to March 2026, against 781.1 Mt and 763.0 Mt a year earlier. Power-coal share 0.78 is a 5LayerCake estimate of the part sent to power utilities and captive power (the filing does not split off-take by sector). The 2,300 Mt rest-of-world pool is held at the same value for the earlier year. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.coalindia.in/","title":"Coal India Limited","publisher":"Coal India","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Coal India Limited'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: Coal India, the largest coal producer"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.coalindia.in/","title":"Coal India Limited","publisher":"Coal India","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Coal India Limited'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Coal India, the largest coal producer"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.coalindia.in/","title":"Coal India Limited","publisher":"Coal India","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Coal India Limited'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Coal India, the largest coal producer"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"c90a36452634ef304e0b9a658d9ffe1e8102d471b37b7f775ba42a7043b2332b"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"c90a36452634ef304e0b9a658d9ffe1e8102d471b37b7f775ba42a7043b2332b"}},"priorShares":{"coal":{"low":4.916,"central":4.916,"high":4.916,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"FY2024-25 (April 2024 to March 2025)","periodEnd":"2025-03-31","source":{"url":"https://d3u7ubx0okog7j.cloudfront.net/documents/PRODUCTION.pdf","title":"Coal India Limited: Provisional production and off-take performance of CIL and subsidiary companies, March 2026 and April 2025 to March 2026 (Annexure A)","publisher":"Coal India Limited (stock-exchange filing)","publishedDate":"2026-04-01","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Annexure A, CIL off-take in the same period last year 763.0 Mt"},"note":"rest of world: FY2024-25 off-take (April 2024 to March 2025): 763.00 Mt x 0.78 power-coal share = 595.14 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 4.916% (total 4.916%). Annexure A of the company's filing: coal production 768.1 Mt and off-take 744.8 Mt in April 2025 to March 2026, against 781.1 Mt and 763.0 Mt a year earlier. Power-coal share 0.78 is a 5LayerCake estimate of the part sent to power utilities and captive power (the filing does not split off-take by sector). The 2,300 Mt rest-of-world pool is held at the same value for the earlier year. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":744.8,"central":744.8,"high":744.8,"unit":"Mt","basis":"Coal India coal off-take, financial year, million tonnes","period":"FY2025-26 (April 2025 to March 2026)","periodEnd":"2026-03-31","source":{"url":"https://d3u7ubx0okog7j.cloudfront.net/documents/PRODUCTION.pdf","title":"Coal India Limited: Provisional production and off-take performance of CIL and subsidiary companies, March 2026 and April 2025 to March 2026 (Annexure A)","publisher":"Coal India Limited (stock-exchange filing)","publishedDate":"2026-04-01","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Annexure A, CIL off-take April 2025 to March 2026"},"note":"Provisional figures in the company's stock-exchange filing."},"prior":{"low":763,"central":763,"high":763,"unit":"Mt","basis":"Coal India coal off-take, financial year, million tonnes","period":"FY2024-25 (April 2024 to March 2025)","periodEnd":"2025-03-31","source":{"url":"https://d3u7ubx0okog7j.cloudfront.net/documents/PRODUCTION.pdf","title":"Coal India Limited: Provisional production and off-take performance of CIL and subsidiary companies, March 2026 and April 2025 to March 2026 (Annexure A)","publisher":"Coal India Limited (stock-exchange filing)","publishedDate":"2026-04-01","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Annexure A, CIL off-take in the same period last year"}}}},"kazatomprom":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"kazatomprom","name":"Kazatomprom","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.kazatomprom.kz/en/page/o_nas","title":"About us","publisher":"Kazatomprom","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'About us'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Kazakh uranium producer"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.kazatomprom.kz/en/page/o_nas","title":"About us","publisher":"Kazatomprom","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'About us'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Kazakh uranium producer"}},"uranium-mining":{"low":17.04,"central":17.04,"high":17.04,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.kazatomprom.kz/storage/86/fy2025_ofr_eng.pdf","title":"Kazatomprom: Operating and financial results for the 12 months ended 31 December 2025","publisher":"Kazatomprom","publishedDate":"2026-03-20","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Section 1.0 Corporate overview: attributable 2025 production 20% of global primary supply (UxC); Section 2 production table: 13,519 tU attributable (2024: 12,286)"},"note":"Kazatomprom (attributable production 13,519 tU in 2025, the company's FY2025 report; the company says, citing UxC, that this was 20% of global primary uranium supply, so the world total is about 67,600 tU). US region 15.6% x 60% + China region 16% x 8% + rest of world 20.0% x 32% = 17.04%. US region: Kazakhstan-origin purchases were 13,331 thousand lb U3O8e of 46,871 (28.4%, EIA 2025 Uranium Marketing Annual Report, Table 3) and Kazatomprom is taken as 55% of them (15.6%); the China-region column is the 5LayerCake estimate used for every producer. The World Nuclear Association 2024 table (open) had Kazatomprom at 12,463 tU, 21% of 60,213. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"low":0.768,"central":0.768,"high":0.768,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 1 and 2: world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity, tonnes/yr"},"note":"Ulba-FA (Kazatomprom 51%, CGN 49%; credited to Kazatomprom). US region 0% x 60% + China region 4% x 8% + rest of world 1.4% x 32% = 0.768%. World Nuclear Association Nuclear Fuel Report 2025 capacity (rod/assembly, tHM/yr; LWR 14,912 plus PHWR 4,946 = 19,858): Westinghouse 3,000 (Columbia 1,600, Vasteras 800, Springfields 600), Framatome 3,250 (Richland 1,200, Romans 1,400, Lingen 650), GNF 1,630 (Wilmington 1,000, GNF-J 630), TVEL 2,760, CNNC 1,646 (Yibin 800, Baotou 600+246), KEPCO NF 1,300, Cameco Port Hope 1,650, BWXT 1,200, India NFC 1,048, MHI 440, NFI 534, ENUSA 500, INB 240, SNN 250, Conuar 210, Ulba-FA 200. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates: US reactors Westinghouse 38%, Framatome 30%, GNF 30%; Chinese reactors CNNC 72%; rest of world by capacity outside the US plants and CNNC. Capacity is not tonnes delivered, so the observation is flagged off-basis. Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width).","offBasis":true}},"screening":{"uranium-mining":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"fuel-fabrication":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"c0a5f5e43c307d10059790279ea86df6f94a26b4eab7ca1d13975367043471a2"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"c0a5f5e43c307d10059790279ea86df6f94a26b4eab7ca1d13975367043471a2"}},"priorShares":{"uranium-mining":{"low":15.11,"central":15.11,"high":15.11,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/xls/umartable3figure5.xlsx","title":"2025 Uranium Marketing Annual Report, Table 3: uranium purchased by US reactors by origin country, 2021-25","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2026-07","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Deliveries in 2024: Kazakhstan 12,375 of 55,921 thousand lb U3O8e total purchases (22.1%)"},"note":"Same method one year earlier. US region 12.17% x 60% + China region 16% x 8% + rest of world 20.4% x 32% = 15.11%. US region: Kazakhstan-origin purchases 12,375 of 55,921 thousand lb (22.1%, EIA Table 3, 2024 deliveries) x the same 55% Kazatomprom portion = 12.17%. Rest of world: 12,286 tU attributable in 2024 (company FY2025 report, prior-year column) / 60,213 tU world total 2024 (World Nuclear Association, Uranium production by company 2024) = 20.4%. The China-region column is held at the same estimate. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above."},"fuel-fabrication":{"low":0.768,"central":0.768,"high":0.768,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Tables 1 and 2: world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity, tonnes/yr"},"note":"Ulba-FA (200 tHM/yr) capacity is taken as unchanged between the two years: the World Nuclear Association page gives one 2025 edition of the capacity table and no earlier edition was opened, so no change is observed. The value equals the current share (0.768%, both years' regional columns identical); it adds no share change. Tier T5.","offBasis":true}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":13519,"central":13519,"high":13519,"unit":"tU","basis":"Kazatomprom attributable U3O8 production, calendar year, tonnes of uranium","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.kazatomprom.kz/storage/86/fy2025_ofr_eng.pdf","title":"Kazatomprom: Operating and financial results for the 12 months ended 31 December 2025","publisher":"Kazatomprom","publishedDate":"2026-03-20","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Section 2 production table: Production volume of U3O8 (attributable basis), tU: 13,519"},"note":"Attributable basis (the company's equity share of each mining entity; for JV Inkai the annual share set by the Implementation Agreement)."},"prior":{"low":12286,"central":12286,"high":12286,"unit":"tU","basis":"Kazatomprom attributable U3O8 production, calendar year, tonnes of uranium","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.kazatomprom.kz/storage/86/fy2025_ofr_eng.pdf","title":"Kazatomprom: Operating and financial results for the 12 months ended 31 December 2025","publisher":"Kazatomprom","publishedDate":"2026-03-20","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Section 2 production table: prior-year column, 12,286 tU"}}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":3458290657,"central":3458290657,"high":3458290657,"unit":"USD","basis":"Group revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.kazatomprom.kz/storage/86/fy2025_ofr_eng.pdf","title":"Kazatomprom: Operating and financial results for the 12 months ended 31 December 2025","publisher":"Kazatomprom","publishedDate":"2026-03-20","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Section 5 results table: Revenue KZT 1,803,049 million (2024: 1,813,352); average KZT/USD 521.37 for 2025 (Section 5.3)"},"note":"KZT 1,803,049 million / 521.37 KZT per US dollar (the average rate for 2025 the company reports, National Bank of Kazakhstan) = US$3,458.2 million. Of this, U3O8 sales were KZT 1,637,508 million (about US$3,141 million)."}},"china-energy-investment":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"china-energy-investment","name":"CHN Energy (China Energy Investment Corporation)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":8.874,"central":8.874,"high":8.874,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://static.sse.com.cn/disclosure/bond/announcement/company/c/new/2026-07-24/244237_20260724_MYUZ.pdf","title":"CHN Energy Investment Group Co., Ltd. 2026 follow-up credit rating report (国家能源投资集团有限责任公司2026年度跟踪评级报告)","publisher":"Dagong Global Credit Rating, via the Shanghai Stock Exchange bond disclosure platform","publishedDate":"2026-07-24","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table 4 (2023-2025 coal production and sales): production 6.12 hundred million tonnes in 2025"},"note":"China: FY2025 coal production, 6.12 hundred million tonnes: 612.00 Mt x 0.7 power-coal share = 428.40 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 8.874% (total 8.874%). The report's table 4 (data compiled from company-provided information) gives coal production of 6.12 hundred million tonnes in 2025 (6.21 in 2024; 6.17 in 2023) and coal sales of 8.42 hundred million tonnes, which include purchased coal. Power-coal share 0.70 is a 5LayerCake judgement: the group's own thermal plants generated 9,702 hundred million kWh = 970.2 TWh in 2025 (table 5), which at the 0.43 kg of coal per kWh used for the China pool (2,500 Mt / 5,775 TWh) is about 417 Mt, or 68% of its own output, and it also sells coal to other utilities under three-year contracts. Cross-check: China National Coal Association 2024 raw-coal output 621.3 Mt. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://static.sse.com.cn/disclosure/bond/announcement/company/c/new/2026-07-24/244237_20260724_MYUZ.pdf","title":"China Energy Investment Corporation: 2026 follow-up credit rating report (table 4, coal production and sales)","publisher":"Credit-rating report posted on the Shanghai Stock Exchange bond platform","publishedDate":"2026-07-24","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"CHN Energy report; the company is not named"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://static.sse.com.cn/disclosure/bond/announcement/company/c/new/2026-07-24/244237_20260724_MYUZ.pdf","title":"China Energy Investment Corporation: 2026 follow-up credit rating report (table 4, coal production and sales)","publisher":"Credit-rating report posted on the Shanghai Stock Exchange bond platform","publishedDate":"2026-07-24","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"CHN Energy report; the company is not named"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"e1957f0ea97934f377c7686082b6f3c7cb23b67801272c3f75d907d6c50c40e8"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"e1957f0ea97934f377c7686082b6f3c7cb23b67801272c3f75d907d6c50c40e8"}},"priorShares":{"coal":{"low":9.005,"central":9.005,"high":9.005,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://static.sse.com.cn/disclosure/bond/announcement/company/c/new/2026-07-24/244237_20260724_MYUZ.pdf","title":"CHN Energy Investment Group Co., Ltd. 2026 follow-up credit rating report (国家能源投资集团有限责任公司2026年度跟踪评级报告)","publisher":"Dagong Global Credit Rating, via the Shanghai Stock Exchange bond disclosure platform","publishedDate":"2026-07-24","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table 4: production 6.21 hundred million tonnes in 2024"},"note":"China: FY2024 coal production, 6.21 hundred million tonnes (same table): 621.00 Mt x 0.7 power-coal share = 434.70 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 9.005% (total 9.005%). The report's table 4 (data compiled from company-provided information) gives coal production of 6.12 hundred million tonnes in 2025 (6.21 in 2024; 6.17 in 2023) and coal sales of 8.42 hundred million tonnes, which include purchased coal. Power-coal share 0.70 is a 5LayerCake judgement: the group's own thermal plants generated 9,702 hundred million kWh = 970.2 TWh in 2025 (table 5), which at the 0.43 kg of coal per kWh used for the China pool (2,500 Mt / 5,775 TWh) is about 417 Mt, or 68% of its own output, and it also sells coal to other utilities under three-year contracts. Cross-check: China National Coal Association 2024 raw-coal output 621.3 Mt. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":612,"central":612,"high":612,"unit":"Mt","basis":"CHN Energy coal production, calendar year, million tonnes","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://static.sse.com.cn/disclosure/bond/announcement/company/c/new/2026-07-24/244237_20260724_MYUZ.pdf","title":"CHN Energy Investment Group Co., Ltd. 2026 follow-up credit rating report (国家能源投资集团有限责任公司2026年度跟踪评级报告)","publisher":"Dagong Global Credit Rating, via the Shanghai Stock Exchange bond disclosure platform","publishedDate":"2026-07-24","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Table 4: coal production 6.12 hundred million tonnes (2025)"},"note":"Rating-agency report compiled from company-provided data."},"prior":{"low":621,"central":621,"high":621,"unit":"Mt","basis":"CHN Energy coal production, calendar year, million tonnes","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://static.sse.com.cn/disclosure/bond/announcement/company/c/new/2026-07-24/244237_20260724_MYUZ.pdf","title":"CHN Energy Investment Group Co., Ltd. 2026 follow-up credit rating report (国家能源投资集团有限责任公司2026年度跟踪评级报告)","publisher":"Dagong Global Credit Rating, via the Shanghai Stock Exchange bond disclosure platform","publishedDate":"2026-07-24","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Table 4: coal production 6.21 hundred million tonnes (2024)"}}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":43446270895,"central":43446270895,"high":43446270895,"unit":"USD","basis":"Coal segment revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://static.sse.com.cn/disclosure/bond/announcement/company/c/new/2026-07-24/244237_20260724_MYUZ.pdf","title":"CHN Energy Investment Group Co., Ltd. 2026 follow-up credit rating report (国家能源投资集团有限责任公司2026年度跟踪评级报告)","publisher":"Dagong Global Credit Rating, via the Shanghai Stock Exchange bond disclosure platform","publishedDate":"2026-07-24","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Table 2: coal business revenue 3,121.46 hundred million yuan in 2025 (of total 7,068.64)"},"note":"Coal segment revenue CNY 312.146 billion x 0.13918 US dollars per yuan (ECB annual average for 2025: 1.12998 USD and 8.11850 CNY per euro; https://data-api.ecb.europa.eu/service/data/EXR/A.CNY.EUR.SP00.A, opened 22 October 2026) = US$43.4 billion. The segment figure is before elimination of sales to the group's own power plants."}},"nioc":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"nioc","name":"National Iranian Oil Company","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":2.352,"central":2.352,"high":2.352,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: NIOC and its gas subsidiaries, judged at 262 bcm of Iran's 276 bcm: 262 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 2.352%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"765d5cb6234f7521c5aa95f7dcb22940962b3698682ffec13745789cf514cb15"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"765d5cb6234f7521c5aa95f7dcb22940962b3698682ffec13745789cf514cb15"}}},"cnnc":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cnnc","name":"CNNC (China National Nuclear Corporation)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cnnc.com.cn/2024-09/19/c_1022566.htm","title":"Profile","publisher":"CNNC (China National Nuclear Corporation)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Profile'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Chinese state nuclear corporation"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cnnc.com.cn/2024-09/19/c_1022566.htm","title":"Profile","publisher":"CNNC (China National Nuclear Corporation)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Profile'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: Chinese state nuclear corporation"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cnnc.com.cn/2024-09/19/c_1022566.htm","title":"Profile","publisher":"CNNC (China National Nuclear Corporation)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Profile'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Chinese state nuclear corporation"}},"uranium-mining":{"low":4.28,"central":4.28,"high":4.28,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 'Uranium production by company 2024' (tonnes U and share of world total)"},"note":"CNNC 3,286 tU in 2024 (WNA): Rossing (Namibia) and domestic mines. US region 1.0% x 60% + China region 24% x 8% + rest of world 5.5% x 32% = 4.28%. US region allocations start from the EIA 2025 purchases by origin (46.9 million lb U3O8e: Canada 32.4%, Kazakhstan 28.4%, Australia 15.1%, Uzbekistan 7.0%, US 7.2%, Namibia 3.5%, Ukraine 2.3%, Niger 0.5%, withheld origins 3.5%) and split each origin between its producers by 5LayerCake judgement; China-region and rest-of-world columns are 5LayerCake estimates (rest of world uses the World Nuclear Association 2024 equity shares: Kazatomprom 20.7%, Cameco 16.9%, Orano 11.3%, Uranium One 9.7%, CGN 9.6%, Navoi 6.6%, CNNC 5.5%, Rosatom 4.5%, BHP 4.5%, General Atomics/Quasar 3.0%, other 7.7% of 60,213 tU). Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"conversion":{"low":7.68,"central":7.68,"high":7.68,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 'Estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024'"},"note":"CNNC Lanzhou and Hengyang. US region 0% x 60% + China region 80% x 8% + rest of world 4% x 32% = 7.68%. World Nuclear Association: estimated 2024 UF6 production 56,259 tU: Cameco 11,375, CNNC 13,489 (estimate), ConverDyn 6,370, Orano 13,650, Rosatom 11,375. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates of who supplies each region's conversion: US reactors mainly Cameco, ConverDyn and Orano; Chinese reactors mainly CNNC; the rest of the world mainly Orano and Rosatom. ConverDyn is a partnership of Solstice (51%) and General Atomics (49%); its volume is split by ownership so it is counted once. Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"enrichment":{"low":7.9,"central":7.9,"high":7.9,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/xls/umartable16figure15.xlsx","title":"2025 Uranium Marketing Annual Report, Table 16: Purchases of enrichment services by origin country","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2026-07","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 16, 2025 purchases of enrichment services by origin country; Table 25 lists the enrichment sellers"},"note":"CNNC. US region 0.5% x 60% + China region 75% x 8% + rest of world 5% x 32% = 7.9%. EIA 2025 Uranium Marketing Annual Report, Table 16 (12.7 million SWU bought by US reactors, by origin): US 2.93 (Urenco USA), France 2.23 (Orano), Netherlands 1.06 and UK 1.83 (Urenco), Russia 3.28 (Rosatom), withheld Germany/China/other 1.38 (Urenco's Gronau and a small Chinese part). Urenco is taken as about 55% of the US region. China-region and rest-of-world columns are 5LayerCake estimates from World Nuclear Association 2025 capacity (CNNC 13,789 estimate, Orano 7,500, Rosatom 29,133, Urenco 17,300, other 355 thousand SWU/yr; total 68,076) with CNNC's output counted mostly in China; capacity is not delivered SWU, so the observation is flagged off-basis. Source date: Sheet header reads 'Release Date: July 2026'. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width).","offBasis":true},"fuel-fabrication":{"low":5.76,"central":5.76,"high":5.76,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 1 and 2: world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity, tonnes/yr"},"note":"CNNC fuel plants. US region 0% x 60% + China region 72% x 8% + rest of world 0% x 32% = 5.76%. World Nuclear Association Nuclear Fuel Report 2025 capacity (rod/assembly, tHM/yr; LWR 14,912 plus PHWR 4,946 = 19,858): Westinghouse 3,000 (Columbia 1,600, Vasteras 800, Springfields 600), Framatome 3,250 (Richland 1,200, Romans 1,400, Lingen 650), GNF 1,630 (Wilmington 1,000, GNF-J 630), TVEL 2,760, CNNC 1,646 (Yibin 800, Baotou 600+246), KEPCO NF 1,300, Cameco Port Hope 1,650, BWXT 1,200, India NFC 1,048, MHI 440, NFI 534, ENUSA 500, INB 240, SNN 250, Conuar 210, Ulba-FA 200. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates: US reactors Westinghouse 38%, Framatome 30%, GNF 30%; Chinese reactors CNNC 72%; rest of world by capacity outside the US plants and CNNC. Capacity is not tonnes delivered, so the observation is flagged off-basis. Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width).","offBasis":true}},"screening":{"uranium-mining":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"conversion":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"enrichment":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5},"fuel-fabrication":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"64f23179b8fb1e38f508bbb97d7a7d1b7803a539b58585ac320aeaaf3416b8be"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"64f23179b8fb1e38f508bbb97d7a7d1b7803a539b58585ac320aeaaf3416b8be"}}},"gazprom":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"gazprom","name":"Gazprom","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":3.672,"central":3.672,"high":3.672,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): Gazprom's own website could not be reached from this network (connection failed), so its output is judged from the country total: 63% x 649 bcm = 409 bcm. rest of world: Gazprom Group, judged at 63% of Russia's 649 bcm (GECF Table 3.2.3, 2024): 409 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 3.672%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.433,"central":1.083,"high":2.167,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no Gazprom document could be opened, so its gas transport and LNG revenue is a wide judgement of USD 10 bn (range USD 4 bn to 20 bn). rest of world: pipeline transmission, export pipelines and Sakhalin-2 and Portovaya LNG revenue, judged at USD 10 bn (range 4 to 20): 10 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 1.083%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"49a440b22e76664d2729e1dcee23be1559f26ea13db95f8d0cdd5b2b8a044fe2"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"49a440b22e76664d2729e1dcee23be1559f26ea13db95f8d0cdd5b2b8a044fe2"}}},"cheniere":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cheniere","name":"Cheniere Energy","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.cheniere.com/","title":"Cheniere","publisher":"Cheniere Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Cheniere'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: largest US LNG exporter"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.cheniere.com/","title":"Cheniere","publisher":"Cheniere Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Cheniere'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: largest US LNG exporter"}},"gas-transport":{"low":11.58,"central":11.58,"high":11.58,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://lngir.cheniere.com/_assets/_c194f0549b01e18ed836773e3e7a7397/cheniere/news/2026-02-26_Cheniere_Reports_Fourth_Quarter_and_Full_Year_333.pdf","title":"Cheniere Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Results","publisher":"Cheniere Energy","publishedDate":"2026-02-26","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Revenues table: LNG revenues 19,435 and regasification revenues 136 (USD million), full year 2025"},"note":"US: LNG revenues USD 19,435 million plus regasification revenues USD 136 million, 2025 (company release): 19.571 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 11.580%. The company's release reports 670 cargoes and 2,424 TBtu exported in 2025. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.cheniere.com/","title":"Cheniere","publisher":"Cheniere Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Cheniere'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: largest US LNG exporter"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"5178e5a07b6a9e64aba470daf5415b142dda6f112ead9476372b13118aeba895"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"5178e5a07b6a9e64aba470daf5415b142dda6f112ead9476372b13118aeba895"}},"priorShares":{"gas-transport":{"low":10.224,"central":10.224,"high":10.224,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://lngir.cheniere.com/_assets/_c194f0549b01e18ed836773e3e7a7397/cheniere/news/2026-02-26_Cheniere_Reports_Fourth_Quarter_and_Full_Year_333.pdf","title":"Cheniere Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Results","publisher":"Cheniere Energy","publishedDate":"2026-02-26","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Revenues table: LNG revenues 14,899 and regasification revenues 135 (USD million), full year 2024"},"note":"US: LNG revenues USD 14,899 million plus regasification revenues USD 135 million, 2024: 15.034 USD bn / 104.4 USD bn pool x 71% = 10.224% (the 2024 US pool is used). Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":2424,"central":2424,"high":2424,"unit":"TBtu","basis":"Cheniere LNG exported, calendar year, trillion Btu","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://lngir.cheniere.com/_assets/_c194f0549b01e18ed836773e3e7a7397/cheniere/news/2026-02-26_Cheniere_Reports_Fourth_Quarter_and_Full_Year_333.pdf","title":"Cheniere Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Results","publisher":"Cheniere Energy","publishedDate":"2026-02-26","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T2","locator":"LNG exported: volumes 2,424 TBtu, 670 cargoes (full year 2025)"}},"prior":{"low":2327,"central":2327,"high":2327,"unit":"TBtu","basis":"Cheniere LNG exported, calendar year, trillion Btu","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://lngir.cheniere.com/_assets/_c194f0549b01e18ed836773e3e7a7397/cheniere/news/2026-02-26_Cheniere_Reports_Fourth_Quarter_and_Full_Year_333.pdf","title":"Cheniere Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Results","publisher":"Cheniere Energy","publishedDate":"2026-02-26","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T2","locator":"LNG exported: volumes 2,327 TBtu, 646 cargoes (full year 2024)"}}},"committedExpansion":{"low":0.193,"central":0.193,"high":0.193,"unit":"ratio","basis":"LNG capacity under construction divided by 2025 LNG exports in tonnes","period":"Capacity under construction in February 2026","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://lngir.cheniere.com/_assets/_c194f0549b01e18ed836773e3e7a7397/cheniere/news/2026-02-26_Cheniere_Reports_Fourth_Quarter_and_Full_Year_333.pdf","title":"Cheniere Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Results","publisher":"Cheniere Energy","publishedDate":"2026-02-26","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T2","locator":"Company description: about 52 mtpa of liquefaction capacity in operation, over 9 mtpa under construction"},"note":"The company says it has over 9 mtpa of liquefaction capacity under construction (remaining Corpus Christi Stage 3 trains) against about 52 mtpa in operation. 9 / 46.6 Mt (2025 exports of 2,424 TBtu at 52 MMBtu per tonne = 46.6 Mt) = 0.193; 'over 9' makes it a floor."},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":19571000000,"central":19571000000,"high":19571000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"LNG and regasification revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://lngir.cheniere.com/_assets/_c194f0549b01e18ed836773e3e7a7397/cheniere/news/2026-02-26_Cheniere_Reports_Fourth_Quarter_and_Full_Year_333.pdf","title":"Cheniere Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Results","publisher":"Cheniere Energy","publishedDate":"2026-02-26","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T2","locator":"Revenues table: LNG revenues 19,435 plus regasification revenues 136 (USD million), 2025"},"note":"LNG revenues USD 19,435 million + regasification revenues USD 136 million; other revenues of USD 405 million are excluded."}},"jinneng-holding":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"jinneng-holding","name":"Jinneng Holding Group","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":4.998,"central":4.998,"high":4.998,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China: 2024 raw-coal output (China National Coal Association): 402.16 Mt x 0.6 power-coal share = 241.30 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 4.998% (total 4.998%). The association's list gives Jinneng Holding Group 2024 raw-coal output of 402.16 Mt, -8.1% on 2023. Power-coal share 0.6 is a 5LayerCake judgement: Shanxi thermal and coking coal; most goes to utilities and industry. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"b7ea8f3bab158274cdc14ade134dc08a0003faaab8fc8a0673537f537b11e899"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"b7ea8f3bab158274cdc14ade134dc08a0003faaab8fc8a0673537f537b11e899"}},"priorShares":{"coal":{"low":5.439,"central":5.439,"high":5.439,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China: 2023 raw-coal output derived from the association's 2024 figure and its stated year-on-year change (402.16 Mt / 0.919 = 437.61 Mt): 437.61 Mt x 0.6 power-coal share = 262.56 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 5.439% (total 5.439%). The association's list gives Jinneng Holding Group 2024 raw-coal output of 402.16 Mt, -8.1% on 2023. Power-coal share 0.6 is a 5LayerCake judgement: Shanxi thermal and coking coal; most goes to utilities and industry. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":402.16,"central":402.16,"high":402.16,"unit":"Mt","basis":"Jinneng Holding Group raw-coal production, calendar year, million tonnes","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China National Coal Association statistic, Jinneng Holding Group."},"prior":{"low":437.61,"central":437.61,"high":437.61,"unit":"Mt","basis":"Jinneng Holding Group raw-coal production, calendar year, million tonnes","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 year-on-year change used to derive the 2023 value"},"note":"Derived: 402.16 / (1 -8.1%) = 437.61 Mt, from the same article."}}},"peabody":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"peabody","name":"Peabody Energy","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":5.293,"central":5.293,"high":5.293,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"},"note":"US: 2024 production 95.789 million short tons (EIA Table 10): 86.90 Mt x 0.88 power-coal share = 76.47 Mt; / 339 Mt x 23% = 5.188% ; rest of world: Wilpinjong plus Wambo, 2025 (Peabody mine pages): 12.70 Mt x 1 power-coal share = 12.70 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.105% (total 5.293%). US part from EIA Table 10: Peabody Energy 95.789 million short tons in 2024. Australian part from Peabody's own mine pages (opened 22 October 2026, re-opened 23 October 2026; no publication date shown, footer 2026): Wilpinjong Mine, https://www.peabodyenergy.com/Operations/Australia-Mining/New-South-Wales-Mining/Wilpinjong-Mine ('10.5 million tons produced in 2025'), and Wambo Mine, https://www.peabodyenergy.com/Operations/Australia-Mining/New-South-Wales-Mining/Wambo-Mine ('3.5 million tons produced in 2025'; the page says Peabody owns a 50% undivided interest and the tons shown reflect its share), taken as short tons because the company reports in short tons: 14.0 x 0.9072 = 12.70 Mt of NSW thermal coal; the company's other Australian mines are mostly metallurgical and are not counted. Power-coal share 0.88 (US) is a 5LayerCake judgement: Powder River Basin and Midwest thermal coal with small exports and metallurgical volumes; 1.0 (Australia) as both mines sell thermal coal. The period label is the older US year. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.peabodyenergy.com/","title":"Peabody - Home","publisher":"Peabody Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Peabody - Home'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: pure-play coal producer (US and Australia)"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.peabodyenergy.com/","title":"Peabody - Home","publisher":"Peabody Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Peabody - Home'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: pure-play coal producer (US and Australia)"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.peabodyenergy.com/","title":"Peabody - Home","publisher":"Peabody Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Peabody - Home'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: pure-play coal producer (US and Australia)"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"df1e7682ed867ce18f294d8d10c6a59771f06446faf5dd622104f7484bf94f36"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"df1e7682ed867ce18f294d8d10c6a59771f06446faf5dd622104f7484bf94f36"}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":95.789,"central":95.789,"high":95.789,"unit":"million short tons","basis":"Peabody US coal production by controlling company, calendar year, million short tons (EIA)","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"},"note":"US mines only."},"prior":{"low":104.251,"central":104.251,"high":104.251,"unit":"million short tons","basis":"Peabody US coal production by controlling company, calendar year, million short tons (EIA)","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/archive/0584_2023.pdf","title":"Annual Coal Report 2023, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2023","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2024-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Table 10 (PDF page 33): production by controlling company in thousand short tons, 2023"},"note":"Peabody Energy Corp row, EIA 2023 Table 10: 104.251 million short tons."}}},"cnpc":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cnpc","name":"China National Petroleum Corporation (PetroChina, Kunlun)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":1.935,"central":1.935,"high":1.935,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. China: CNPC (PetroChina consolidated) China gas, judged at about 60% of China's 240 bcm: 144 bcm / 240 bcm x 3% = 1.800% ; rest of world: overseas gas (Turkmenistan, Iraq, others), judged: 15 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.135%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.334,"central":0.334,"high":0.334,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. China: LNG terminals in China, judged: 2 USD bn / 35 USD bn pool x 3% = 0.171% ; rest of world: overseas pipelines (Central Asia-China, Myanmar-China), judged: 1.5 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.163%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"9da265e09bc511ad7c33218f5b52d9d19a286c0df768fd53397b3c4a775deba0"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"9da265e09bc511ad7c33218f5b52d9d19a286c0df768fd53397b3c4a775deba0"}}},"qatarenergy":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"qatarenergy","name":"QatarEnergy","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.qatarenergy.qa/en/Pages/vHome.aspx","title":"QatarEnergy - Home","publisher":"QatarEnergy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'QatarEnergy - Home'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Qatar state oil and gas company"}},"gas-production":{"low":1.122,"central":1.122,"high":1.122,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): rest of world: QatarEnergy equity gas, judged at about 73.5% of Qatar's 170 bcm (partners' equity shares are counted under the partners): 125 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 1.122%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":2.318,"central":2.318,"high":2.318,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.qatarenergy.qa/en/Pages/vHome.aspx","title":"QatarEnergy - Home","publisher":"QatarEnergy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): QatarEnergy's own LNG sales on an equity basis. rest of world: 77 Mtpa Qatar LNG capacity (GECF plant tables) x 70% QatarEnergy equity judged x 52 MMBtu per tonne x USD 7.64 per MMBtu (EIA 2025 US export price of USD 7.92 per Mcf, a proxy for the global price): 21.4 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 2.318%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.qatarenergy.qa/en/Pages/vHome.aspx","title":"QatarEnergy - Home","publisher":"QatarEnergy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'QatarEnergy - Home'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Qatar state oil and gas company"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"c8753fd5ecf8263306aafb85abd4e0db7d2b4d46adaf2a1e961b641221cd08e5"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"c8753fd5ecf8263306aafb85abd4e0db7d2b4d46adaf2a1e961b641221cd08e5"}}},"kinder-morgan":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"kinder-morgan","name":"Kinder Morgan","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-transport":{"low":6.502,"central":6.502,"high":6.502,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1506307/000150630726000011/R107.htm","title":"Kinder Morgan, Inc. Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025: Reportable Segments (Details)","publisher":"Kinder Morgan / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Revenues by reportable segment: Natural Gas Pipelines 10,990 (2025), 8,930 (2024), 9,152 (2023) (USD million)"},"note":"US: Natural Gas Pipelines segment revenues USD 10,990 million, 2025: 10.99 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 6.502%. The segment includes some natural gas sales and processing revenue. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.kindermorgan.com/Operations/Natural-Gas/Index","title":"Natural Gas","publisher":"Kinder Morgan","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Natural Gas'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: largest US gas pipeline network"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"550b58f42f97b4d1adadc5ded9facbcae6aed4271c72355c91a0db007e9177c7"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"550b58f42f97b4d1adadc5ded9facbcae6aed4271c72355c91a0db007e9177c7"}},"priorShares":{"gas-transport":{"low":6.073,"central":6.073,"high":6.073,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1506307/000150630726000011/R107.htm","title":"Kinder Morgan, Inc. Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025: Reportable Segments (Details)","publisher":"Kinder Morgan / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Revenues by reportable segment: Natural Gas Pipelines 8,930 (2024)"},"note":"US: Natural Gas Pipelines segment revenues USD 8,930 million, 2024: 8.93 USD bn / 104.4 USD bn pool x 71% = 6.073% (the 2024 US pool is used). Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":10990,"central":10990,"high":10990,"unit":"USD million","basis":"Natural Gas Pipelines segment revenues, calendar year, USD million","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1506307/000150630726000011/R107.htm","title":"Kinder Morgan, Inc. Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025: Reportable Segments (Details)","publisher":"Kinder Morgan / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T1","locator":"Natural Gas Pipelines segment revenues 2025"}},"prior":{"low":8930,"central":8930,"high":8930,"unit":"USD million","basis":"Natural Gas Pipelines segment revenues, calendar year, USD million","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1506307/000150630726000011/R107.htm","title":"Kinder Morgan, Inc. Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025: Reportable Segments (Details)","publisher":"Kinder Morgan / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T1","locator":"Natural Gas Pipelines segment revenues 2024"}}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":10990000000,"central":10990000000,"high":10990000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Natural Gas Pipelines segment revenues, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1506307/000150630726000011/R107.htm","title":"Kinder Morgan, Inc. Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025: Reportable Segments (Details)","publisher":"Kinder Morgan / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T1","locator":"Natural Gas Pipelines segment revenues 2025"}}},"cgn":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cgn","name":"China General Nuclear Power Group (CGN)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cgnpc.com.cn/","title":"CGN","publisher":"China General Nuclear Power Group (CGN)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'CGN'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Chinese nuclear power group with uranium mines"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cgnpc.com.cn/","title":"CGN","publisher":"China General Nuclear Power Group (CGN)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'CGN'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: Chinese nuclear power group with uranium mines"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cgnpc.com.cn/","title":"CGN","publisher":"China General Nuclear Power Group (CGN)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'CGN'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Chinese nuclear power group with uranium mines"}},"uranium-mining":{"low":7.472,"central":7.472,"high":7.472,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 'Uranium production by company 2024' (tonnes U and share of world total)"},"note":"CGN 5,761 tU in 2024 (WNA): Husab (Namibia) and Kazakh joint ventures. US region 3.6% x 60% + China region 28% x 8% + rest of world 9.6% x 32% = 7.47%. US region allocations start from the EIA 2025 purchases by origin (46.9 million lb U3O8e: Canada 32.4%, Kazakhstan 28.4%, Australia 15.1%, Uzbekistan 7.0%, US 7.2%, Namibia 3.5%, Ukraine 2.3%, Niger 0.5%, withheld origins 3.5%) and split each origin between its producers by 5LayerCake judgement; China-region and rest-of-world columns are 5LayerCake estimates (rest of world uses the World Nuclear Association 2024 equity shares: Kazatomprom 20.7%, Cameco 16.9%, Orano 11.3%, Uranium One 9.7%, CGN 9.6%, Navoi 6.6%, CNNC 5.5%, Rosatom 4.5%, BHP 4.5%, General Atomics/Quasar 3.0%, other 7.7% of 60,213 tU). Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"uranium-mining":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"30e8e86845ea806853df6ee350ad929f6a0d078c9501faeba22e2c750d2b030d"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"30e8e86845ea806853df6ee350ad929f6a0d078c9501faeba22e2c750d2b030d"}}},"williams":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"williams","name":"Williams","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.williams.com/our-company/","title":"Our Company | Williams Companies","publisher":"Williams","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Our Company | Williams Companies'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: US gas transmission and gathering"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-transport":{"low":6.188,"central":6.188,"high":6.188,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107263/000010726326000006/R107.htm","title":"The Williams Companies, Inc. Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025: segment revenues (Details)","publisher":"Williams / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Segment revenues: Transmission, Power & Gulf 5,443; Northeast G&P 2,168; West 2,847 (2025, USD million)"},"note":"US: Transmission, Power & Gulf 5,443 + Northeast G&P 2,168 + West 2,847 = USD 10,458 million, 2025: 10.458 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 6.188%. The Gas & NGL Marketing Services segment (USD 2,175 million) is excluded as trading revenue; the gathering and processing segments include some processing and product revenue. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.williams.com/our-company/","title":"Our Company | Williams Companies","publisher":"Williams","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Our Company | Williams Companies'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: US gas transmission and gathering"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"474b0452bdf8f61836a828364262ea6124d1c26242e3439e9d0bf3dc24b71fdb"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"474b0452bdf8f61836a828364262ea6124d1c26242e3439e9d0bf3dc24b71fdb"}},"priorShares":{"gas-transport":{"low":6.34,"central":6.34,"high":6.34,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107263/000010726326000006/R107.htm","title":"The Williams Companies, Inc. Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025: segment revenues (Details)","publisher":"Williams / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Segment revenues 2024: 4,628; 2,025; 2,669 (USD million)"},"note":"US: Transmission, Power & Gulf 4,628 + Northeast G&P 2,025 + West 2,669 = USD 9,322 million, 2024: 9.322 USD bn / 104.4 USD bn pool x 71% = 6.340% (the 2024 US pool is used). Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":10458,"central":10458,"high":10458,"unit":"USD million","basis":"Transmission and gathering segment revenues, calendar year, USD million","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107263/000010726326000006/R107.htm","title":"The Williams Companies, Inc. Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025: segment revenues (Details)","publisher":"Williams / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T1","locator":"Transmission, Power & Gulf + Northeast G&P + West revenues 2025"}},"prior":{"low":9322,"central":9322,"high":9322,"unit":"USD million","basis":"Transmission and gathering segment revenues, calendar year, USD million","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107263/000010726326000006/R107.htm","title":"The Williams Companies, Inc. Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025: segment revenues (Details)","publisher":"Williams / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T1","locator":"Transmission, Power & Gulf + Northeast G&P + West revenues 2024"}}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":10458000000,"central":10458000000,"high":10458000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Transmission and gathering segment revenues, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107263/000010726326000006/R107.htm","title":"The Williams Companies, Inc. Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025: segment revenues (Details)","publisher":"Williams / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T1","locator":"Transmission, Power & Gulf + Northeast G&P + West revenues 2025"}}},"energy-transfer":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"energy-transfer","name":"Energy Transfer","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-transport":{"low":6.577,"central":6.577,"high":6.577,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"Q4 2025, annualised (x4)","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1276187/000127618726000004/et12312025ex991er.htm","title":"Energy Transfer LP fourth-quarter and full-year 2025 earnings release (Form 8-K exhibit 99.1)","publisher":"Energy Transfer / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026-02-17","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Summary analysis of quarterly results by segment, three months ended 31 December 2025 and 2024 (USD million)"},"note":"US: Q4 2025 intrastate revenues 902 + interstate revenues 631 + midstream segment margin 1,246 = USD 2,779 million, x 4: 11.116 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 6.577%. The release gives segment results for the fourth quarter only, so the year is that quarter annualised (a seasonal winter quarter); the midstream gathering segment counts its margin (revenue less cost of products) because its revenue includes commodity sales. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"f88f552476e3b42ed85b1c3b9b1da1a130c80335c470406d521c8efcb9302ec7"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"f88f552476e3b42ed85b1c3b9b1da1a130c80335c470406d521c8efcb9302ec7"}},"priorShares":{"gas-transport":{"low":7.263,"central":7.263,"high":7.263,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"Q4 2024, annualised (x4)","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1276187/000127618726000004/et12312025ex991er.htm","title":"Energy Transfer LP fourth-quarter and full-year 2025 earnings release (Form 8-K exhibit 99.1)","publisher":"Energy Transfer / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026-02-17","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Summary analysis of quarterly results by segment, Q4 2024 comparatives"},"note":"US: Q4 2024 intrastate revenues 820 + interstate revenues 600 + midstream segment margin 1,250 = USD 2,670 million, x 4: 10.68 USD bn / 104.4 USD bn pool x 71% = 7.263% (the 2024 US pool is used). Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}}},"venture-global":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"venture-global","name":"Venture Global","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://ventureglobal.com/","title":"Venture Global | Innovating to provide low-cost LNG","publisher":"Venture Global","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Venture Global | Innovating to provide low-cost LNG'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: US LNG exporter"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-transport":{"low":6.36,"central":6.36,"high":6.36,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_poe2_a_EPG0_ENG_Mmcf_a.htm","title":"U.S. Liquefied Natural Gas Exports by Point of Exit (annual, million cubic feet)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2026-09-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Calcasieu Pass, LA and Plaquemines, LA: 2025 volumes, summed over destination countries"},"note":"US: 1,356,935 MMcf exported from Calcasieu Pass and Plaquemines in 2025 x USD 7.92 per Mcf (EIA average LNG export price) = USD 10.75 bn: 10.75 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 6.360%. Venture Global's own results were not opened; revenue is derived from EIA export volumes by terminal and the EIA average export price (https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm), so the figure is an approximation of its LNG sales. Check on the method: Cheniere's Sabine Pass and Corpus Christi shipped 2,316,497 MMcf, which at USD 7.92 gives USD 18.3 bn against Cheniere's reported USD 19.6 bn (7% lower). Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://ventureglobal.com/","title":"Venture Global | Innovating to provide low-cost LNG","publisher":"Venture Global","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Venture Global | Innovating to provide low-cost LNG'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: US LNG exporter"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"b7025a26d007ef016d9f62e64a338d1f509f44a823af773607f405af45832a80"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"b7025a26d007ef016d9f62e64a338d1f509f44a823af773607f405af45832a80"}},"priorShares":{"gas-transport":{"low":2.156,"central":2.156,"high":2.156,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_poe2_a_EPG0_ENG_Mmcf_a.htm","title":"U.S. Liquefied Natural Gas Exports by Point of Exit (annual, million cubic feet)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2026-09-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Calcasieu Pass, LA and Plaquemines, LA: 2024 volumes"},"note":"US: 494,268 MMcf exported in 2024 (Plaquemines started in December) x USD 6.41 per Mcf = USD 3.17 bn: 3.17 USD bn / 104.4 USD bn pool x 71% = 2.156% (the 2024 US pool is used). Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":1356935,"central":1356935,"high":1356935,"unit":"MMcf","basis":"LNG exported from Venture Global terminals, calendar year, million cubic feet (EIA)","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_poe2_a_EPG0_ENG_Mmcf_a.htm","title":"U.S. Liquefied Natural Gas Exports by Point of Exit (annual, million cubic feet)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2026-09-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T1","locator":"Calcasieu Pass, LA and Plaquemines, LA: 2025 volumes"}},"prior":{"low":494268,"central":494268,"high":494268,"unit":"MMcf","basis":"LNG exported from Venture Global terminals, calendar year, million cubic feet (EIA)","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_poe2_a_EPG0_ENG_Mmcf_a.htm","title":"U.S. Liquefied Natural Gas Exports by Point of Exit (annual, million cubic feet)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2026-09-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T1","locator":"Calcasieu Pass, LA and Plaquemines, LA: 2024 volumes"}}}},"eqt":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"eqt","name":"EQT","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eqt.com/","title":"EQT Corporation | Affordable, Reliable, Clean Energy","publisher":"EQT","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'EQT Corporation | Affordable, Reliable, Clean Energy'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Appalachian gas producer with the Equitrans gathering and transmission system"}},"gas-production":{"low":3.637,"central":3.637,"high":3.637,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/33213/000003321326000018/eqt-20251231.htm","title":"EQT Corporation Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025","publisher":"EQT / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Properties: sales volume by state, total 2,382,367 MMcfe (2025) and 2,228,159 MMcfe (2024); Item 1A: natural gas about 93% of equivalent proved developed reserves"},"note":"US: total sales volume 2,382,367 MMcfe in 2025 x 0.93 gas fraction / 365 days: 6.07 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 3.637%. The 10-K excerpt opened gives total sales volume in MMcfe; the gas fraction 0.93 is the share of natural gas in equivalent proved developed reserves (a proxy, 5LayerCake judgement). Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":1.124,"central":1.124,"high":1.124,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/33213/000003321326000018/eqt-20251231.htm","title":"EQT Corporation Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025","publisher":"EQT / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Business: contracted firm gathering capacity about 7.8 Bcf/d (including minimum volume commitments); firm transmission capacity about 5.7 Bcf/d; storage 29.8 Bcf"},"note":"Judgement (T5): Equitrans gathering and transmission fee revenue is not given in the excerpt opened. It is judged at USD 1.9 bn: contracted firm capacity of 7.8 Bcf/d gathering and 5.7 Bcf/d transmission (13.5 Bcf/d) x 365 days x a blended fee judged at USD 0.39 per Mcf = USD 1.9 bn. US: USD 1.9 bn / USD 120 bn pool x 71% = 1.124%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eqt.com/","title":"EQT Corporation | Affordable, Reliable, Clean Energy","publisher":"EQT","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'EQT Corporation | Affordable, Reliable, Clean Energy'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Appalachian gas producer with the Equitrans gathering and transmission system"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"750e604928bf57fc27e9f2770c9530a8fdcb81e04a07d3d93cda00297ce6b305"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"750e604928bf57fc27e9f2770c9530a8fdcb81e04a07d3d93cda00297ce6b305"}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":2382367,"central":2382367,"high":2382367,"unit":"MMcfe","basis":"EQT total sales volume, calendar year, million cubic feet equivalent","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/33213/000003321326000018/eqt-20251231.htm","title":"EQT Corporation Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025","publisher":"EQT / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T1","locator":"Properties: sales volume by state, total 2025"}},"prior":{"low":2228159,"central":2228159,"high":2228159,"unit":"MMcfe","basis":"EQT total sales volume, calendar year, million cubic feet equivalent","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/33213/000003321326000018/eqt-20251231.htm","title":"EQT Corporation Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025","publisher":"EQT / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T1","locator":"Properties: sales volume by state, total 2024"}}}},"expand-energy":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"expand-energy","name":"Expand Energy","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.expandenergy.com/operations/exploration-production/","title":"Exploration & Production - Expand Energy Corporation","publisher":"Expand Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Exploration & Production - Expand Energy Corporation'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Appalachian and Haynesville gas producer with a marketing arm"}},"gas-production":{"low":4.272,"central":4.272,"high":4.272,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.expandenergy.com/operations/exploration-production/","title":"Exploration & Production","publisher":"Expand Energy","publishedDate":"undated","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Premier Natural Gas Basins: net production by basin (MMcfe/d)"},"note":"The company's operations page (undated; opened 22 October 2026) gives net production by basin of about 3,160 MMcfe/d in the Haynesville, 2,680 in Northeast Appalachia and 1,660 in Southwest Appalachia (7,500 in total). Haynesville and Northeast Appalachia gas is dry; Southwest Appalachia also has oil and liquids, so its gas is judged at 78% of the equivalent volume (5LayerCake judgement). US: Haynesville 3,160 + Northeast Appalachia 2,680 + 0.78 x Southwest Appalachia 1,660 MMcfe/d: 7.13 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 4.272%. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.expandenergy.com/operations/exploration-production/","title":"Exploration & Production - Expand Energy Corporation","publisher":"Expand Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Exploration & Production - Expand Energy Corporation'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Appalachian and Haynesville gas producer with a marketing arm"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"e5c75efbb980a16eaa31785fb963dc8a777b60c14edd25b5ac653b4fe7ef9e4f"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"e5c75efbb980a16eaa31785fb963dc8a777b60c14edd25b5ac653b4fe7ef9e4f"}}},"core-natural-resources":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"core-natural-resources","name":"Core Natural Resources","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":3.373,"central":3.373,"high":3.373,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"},"note":"US: 2024 production 84.312 million short tons (EIA Table 10): 76.49 Mt x 0.65 power-coal share = 49.72 Mt; / 339 Mt x 23% = 3.373% (total 3.373%). EIA Table 10 gives Core Natural Resources (formed in January 2025 from Arch Resources and CONSOL Energy; the 2023 comparison adds the two EIA 2023 rows, Arch Resources 75.291 and CONSOL Energy 26.377 million short tons) production of 84.312 million short tons in 2024 (101.668 in 2023). Power-coal share 0.65 is a 5LayerCake judgement: thermal coal from the Pennsylvania complex and Black Thunder, with about a third metallurgical or exported. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://corenaturalresources.com/","title":"Core Natural Resources (NYSE: CNR) | Leading Exporter & Global Supplier of Coal-Based Products","publisher":"Core Natural Resources","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Core Natural Resources (NYSE: CNR) | Leading Exporter & Global Supplie'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: coal producer formed by the CONSOL and Arch merger"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://corenaturalresources.com/","title":"Core Natural Resources (NYSE: CNR) | Leading Exporter & Global Supplier of Coal-Based Products","publisher":"Core Natural Resources","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Core Natural Resources (NYSE: CNR) | Leading Exporter & Global Supplie'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: coal producer formed by the CONSOL and Arch merger"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://corenaturalresources.com/","title":"Core Natural Resources (NYSE: CNR) | Leading Exporter & Global Supplier of Coal-Based Products","publisher":"Core Natural Resources","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Core Natural Resources (NYSE: CNR) | Leading Exporter & Global Supplie'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: coal producer formed by the CONSOL and Arch merger"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"cbed53cf0c166f8612cebe96f0b6f07a78c4806d6bdf1e162efc4b693ec260cb"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"cbed53cf0c166f8612cebe96f0b6f07a78c4806d6bdf1e162efc4b693ec260cb"}},"priorShares":{"coal":{"low":3.928,"central":3.928,"high":3.928,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/archive/0584_2023.pdf","title":"Annual Coal Report 2023, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2023","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2024-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table 10 (PDF page 33): production by controlling company in thousand short tons, 2023"},"note":"US: 2023 production 101.668 million short tons (EIA 2023 Table 10): 92.23 Mt x 0.65 power-coal share = 59.95 Mt; / 351 Mt x 23% = 3.928% (total 3.928%). EIA Table 10 gives Core Natural Resources (formed in January 2025 from Arch Resources and CONSOL Energy; the 2023 comparison adds the two EIA 2023 rows, Arch Resources 75.291 and CONSOL Energy 26.377 million short tons) production of 84.312 million short tons in 2024 (101.668 in 2023). Power-coal share 0.65 is a 5LayerCake judgement: thermal coal from the Pennsylvania complex and Black Thunder, with about a third metallurgical or exported. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 351 for 2023 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 387.2 million short tons = 351.3 Mt in 2023; the 2024 value is 339: EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. The China and rest-of-world pools are held at the same values for the earlier year because no earlier pool was opened. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":84.312,"central":84.312,"high":84.312,"unit":"million short tons","basis":"Core Natural Resources coal production by controlling company, calendar year, million short tons (EIA)","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"}},"prior":{"low":101.668,"central":101.668,"high":101.668,"unit":"million short tons","basis":"Core Natural Resources coal production by controlling company, calendar year, million short tons (EIA)","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/archive/0584_2023.pdf","title":"Annual Coal Report 2023, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2023","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2024-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Table 10 (PDF page 33): production by controlling company in thousand short tons, 2023"}}}},"shandong-energy":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"shandong-energy","name":"Shandong Energy Group (Yankuang Energy, Yancoal)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":3.135,"central":3.135,"high":3.135,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China: 2024 raw-coal output (China National Coal Association): 277.36 Mt x 0.5 power-coal share = 138.68 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 2.873% ; rest of world: Yancoal Australia attributable saleable production 2024 (36.9 Mt) x 0.86 thermal: 36.90 Mt x 0.86 power-coal share = 31.73 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.262% (total 3.135%). The association's list gives Shandong Energy Group 2024 raw-coal output of 277.36 Mt, +1.4% on 2023. Power-coal share 0.5 is a 5LayerCake judgement: Yankuang has coking and chemical coal. The group's Australian thermal coal is Yancoal Australia (consolidated): the company says attributable saleable production was 36.9 Mt in 2024 (up 10%) and 38.6 Mt in 2025, with about 86% of 2024 attributable sales thermal coal (84% in 2025) (Yancoal webcast notes, 21 February 2025 and 26 February 2026, https://www.yancoal.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Yancoal-2024-Full-Year-Results-webcast-notes.pdf and https://www.yancoal.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Yancoal_2025_Financial_Results_Webcast-notes.pdf, opened 23 October 2026). The 2023 value 33.5 Mt is 36.9 / 1.10 from the same notes, with the 2024 thermal share. Whether the association's 277.36 Mt already includes the Australian output is not stated; any overlap would lower the total by at most 0.2 points. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"d58315259b08ec04b90f41f1cd4e05a9f3ceb092d5905ada9f38186acc5e7dce"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"d58315259b08ec04b90f41f1cd4e05a9f3ceb092d5905ada9f38186acc5e7dce"}},"priorShares":{"coal":{"low":3.071,"central":3.071,"high":3.071,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China: 2023 raw-coal output derived from the association's 2024 figure and its stated year-on-year change (277.36 Mt / 1.014 = 273.53 Mt): 273.53 Mt x 0.5 power-coal share = 136.77 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 2.833% ; rest of world: Yancoal Australia attributable saleable production 2023 (33.5 Mt) x 0.86 thermal (2024 product mix assumed): 33.50 Mt x 0.86 power-coal share = 28.81 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.238% (total 3.071%). The association's list gives Shandong Energy Group 2024 raw-coal output of 277.36 Mt, +1.4% on 2023. Power-coal share 0.5 is a 5LayerCake judgement: Yankuang has coking and chemical coal. The group's Australian thermal coal is Yancoal Australia (consolidated): the company says attributable saleable production was 36.9 Mt in 2024 (up 10%) and 38.6 Mt in 2025, with about 86% of 2024 attributable sales thermal coal (84% in 2025) (Yancoal webcast notes, 21 February 2025 and 26 February 2026, https://www.yancoal.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Yancoal-2024-Full-Year-Results-webcast-notes.pdf and https://www.yancoal.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Yancoal_2025_Financial_Results_Webcast-notes.pdf, opened 23 October 2026). The 2023 value 33.5 Mt is 36.9 / 1.10 from the same notes, with the 2024 thermal share. Whether the association's 277.36 Mt already includes the Australian output is not stated; any overlap would lower the total by at most 0.2 points. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":277.36,"central":277.36,"high":277.36,"unit":"Mt","basis":"Shandong Energy Group raw-coal production, calendar year, million tonnes","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China National Coal Association statistic, Shandong Energy Group."},"prior":{"low":273.53,"central":273.53,"high":273.53,"unit":"Mt","basis":"Shandong Energy Group raw-coal production, calendar year, million tonnes","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 year-on-year change used to derive the 2023 value"},"note":"Derived: 277.36 / (1 +1.4%) = 273.53 Mt, from the same article."}}},"china-national-coal-group":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"china-national-coal-group","name":"China Coal (China National Coal Group)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":3.124,"central":3.124,"high":3.124,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China: 2024 raw-coal output (China National Coal Association): 274.19 Mt x 0.55 power-coal share = 150.80 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 3.124% (total 3.124%). The association's list gives China National Coal Group 2024 raw-coal output of 274.19 Mt, +1.7% on 2023. Power-coal share 0.55 is a 5LayerCake judgement: thermal coal with a coal-chemicals share. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"179bcbc110f87f6d9c2b93a488cf584e403756548c2f3bf36771d7f662a69266"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"179bcbc110f87f6d9c2b93a488cf584e403756548c2f3bf36771d7f662a69266"}},"priorShares":{"coal":{"low":3.072,"central":3.072,"high":3.072,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China: 2023 raw-coal output derived from the association's 2024 figure and its stated year-on-year change (274.19 Mt / 1.017 = 269.61 Mt): 269.61 Mt x 0.55 power-coal share = 148.28 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 3.072% (total 3.072%). The association's list gives China National Coal Group 2024 raw-coal output of 274.19 Mt, +1.7% on 2023. Power-coal share 0.55 is a 5LayerCake judgement: thermal coal with a coal-chemicals share. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":274.19,"central":274.19,"high":274.19,"unit":"Mt","basis":"China National Coal Group raw-coal production, calendar year, million tonnes","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China National Coal Association statistic, China National Coal Group."},"prior":{"low":269.61,"central":269.61,"high":269.61,"unit":"Mt","basis":"China National Coal Group raw-coal production, calendar year, million tonnes","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 year-on-year change used to derive the 2023 value"},"note":"Derived: 274.19 / (1 +1.7%) = 269.61 Mt, from the same article."}}},"westinghouse":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"westinghouse","name":"Westinghouse Electric","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://westinghousenuclear.com/operating-plants/nuclear-fuel/fuel-fabrication-operations/","title":"Fuel Fabrication & Operations | Westinghouse Nuclear","publisher":"Westinghouse Electric","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Fuel Fabrication & Operations | Westinghouse Nuclear'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: reactor and fuel supplier"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://westinghousenuclear.com/operating-plants/nuclear-fuel/fuel-fabrication-operations/","title":"Fuel Fabrication & Operations | Westinghouse Nuclear","publisher":"Westinghouse Electric","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Fuel Fabrication & Operations | Westinghouse Nuclear'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: reactor and fuel supplier"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://westinghousenuclear.com/operating-plants/nuclear-fuel/fuel-fabrication-operations/","title":"Fuel Fabrication & Operations | Westinghouse Nuclear","publisher":"Westinghouse Electric","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Fuel Fabrication & Operations | Westinghouse Nuclear'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: reactor and fuel supplier"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://westinghousenuclear.com/operating-plants/nuclear-fuel/fuel-fabrication-operations/","title":"Fuel Fabrication & Operations | Westinghouse Nuclear","publisher":"Westinghouse Electric","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Fuel Fabrication & Operations | Westinghouse Nuclear'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: reactor and fuel supplier"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"low":26.54,"central":26.54,"high":26.54,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 1 and 2: world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity, tonnes/yr"},"note":"Westinghouse. US region 38% x 60% + China region 8% x 8% + rest of world 9.7% x 32% = 26.54%. World Nuclear Association Nuclear Fuel Report 2025 capacity (rod/assembly, tHM/yr; LWR 14,912 plus PHWR 4,946 = 19,858): Westinghouse 3,000 (Columbia 1,600, Vasteras 800, Springfields 600), Framatome 3,250 (Richland 1,200, Romans 1,400, Lingen 650), GNF 1,630 (Wilmington 1,000, GNF-J 630), TVEL 2,760, CNNC 1,646 (Yibin 800, Baotou 600+246), KEPCO NF 1,300, Cameco Port Hope 1,650, BWXT 1,200, India NFC 1,048, MHI 440, NFI 534, ENUSA 500, INB 240, SNN 250, Conuar 210, Ulba-FA 200. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates: US reactors Westinghouse 38%, Framatome 30%, GNF 30%; Chinese reactors CNNC 72%; rest of world by capacity outside the US plants and CNNC. Capacity is not tonnes delivered, so the observation is flagged off-basis. Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width).","offBasis":true}},"screening":{"fuel-fabrication":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"a352464a2b74ba0e5b74f30571d208e71272fe84a004526947d76c77f38ba83b"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"a352464a2b74ba0e5b74f30571d208e71272fe84a004526947d76c77f38ba83b"}}},"general-atomics":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"general-atomics","name":"General Atomics (Quasar, Heathgate; ConverDyn partner)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ga.com/","title":"Welcome to General Atomics | General Atomics","publisher":"General Atomics (Quasar, Heathgate; ConverDyn partner)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Welcome to General Atomics | General Atomics'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Quasar uranium (Heathgate) and ConverDyn partner"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ga.com/","title":"Welcome to General Atomics | General Atomics","publisher":"General Atomics (Quasar, Heathgate; ConverDyn partner)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Welcome to General Atomics | General Atomics'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: Quasar uranium (Heathgate) and ConverDyn partner"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ga.com/","title":"Welcome to General Atomics | General Atomics","publisher":"General Atomics (Quasar, Heathgate; ConverDyn partner)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Welcome to General Atomics | General Atomics'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Quasar uranium (Heathgate) and ConverDyn partner"}},"uranium-mining":{"low":3.48,"central":3.48,"high":3.48,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 'Uranium production by company 2024' (tonnes U and share of world total)"},"note":"General Atomics/Quasar 1,808 tU in 2024 (WNA): Beverley and Four Mile (Australia). US region 4.2% x 60% + China region 0% x 8% + rest of world 3.0% x 32% = 3.48%. US region allocations start from the EIA 2025 purchases by origin (46.9 million lb U3O8e: Canada 32.4%, Kazakhstan 28.4%, Australia 15.1%, Uzbekistan 7.0%, US 7.2%, Namibia 3.5%, Ukraine 2.3%, Niger 0.5%, withheld origins 3.5%) and split each origin between its producers by 5LayerCake judgement; China-region and rest-of-world columns are 5LayerCake estimates (rest of world uses the World Nuclear Association 2024 equity shares: Kazatomprom 20.7%, Cameco 16.9%, Orano 11.3%, Uranium One 9.7%, CGN 9.6%, Navoi 6.6%, CNNC 5.5%, Rosatom 4.5%, BHP 4.5%, General Atomics/Quasar 3.0%, other 7.7% of 60,213 tU). Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"conversion":{"low":10.6,"central":10.6,"high":10.6,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 'Estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024'"},"note":"General Atomics' 50% of ConverDyn (Metropolis; 30% of US supply and 10% of the rest of world, times 0.50). US region 15.0% x 60% + China region 0% x 8% + rest of world 5.0% x 32% = 10.6%. World Nuclear Association: estimated 2024 UF6 production 56,259 tU: Cameco 11,375, CNNC 13,489 (estimate), ConverDyn 6,370, Orano 13,650, Rosatom 11,375. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates of who supplies each region's conversion: US reactors mainly Cameco, ConverDyn and Orano; Chinese reactors mainly CNNC; the rest of the world mainly Orano and Rosatom. ConverDyn's own About page (https://www.converdyn.com/about/, 'About Our UF6 Conversion Company - ConverDyn', opened 23 October 2026, T2 company statement, page undated) says it is 'a 50/50 partnership between industry leaders Solstice Advanced Materials and General Atomics'; its volume is split 50/50 so it is counted once (an earlier 51/49 split had no opened source and is withdrawn). Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"uranium-mining":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"conversion":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"6da2349c64861478b43943a85523da748b5c5843c08af8479abf51c50b089165"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"6da2349c64861478b43943a85523da748b5c5843c08af8479abf51c50b089165"}}},"shaanxi-coal-chemical":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"shaanxi-coal-chemical","name":"Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry Group","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":2.871,"central":2.871,"high":2.871,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China: 2024 raw-coal output (China National Coal Association): 252.01 Mt x 0.55 power-coal share = 138.61 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 2.871% (total 2.871%). The association's list gives Shaanxi Coal Group 2024 raw-coal output of 252.01 Mt, +2.0% on 2023. Power-coal share 0.55 is a 5LayerCake judgement: Yulin thermal coal with a coal-chemicals share. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"961b62658432ae7a7e582f48e24ae26016a776d98d9304ff39000a9639024f78"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"961b62658432ae7a7e582f48e24ae26016a776d98d9304ff39000a9639024f78"}},"priorShares":{"coal":{"low":2.815,"central":2.815,"high":2.815,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China: 2023 raw-coal output derived from the association's 2024 figure and its stated year-on-year change (252.01 Mt / 1.020 = 247.07 Mt): 247.07 Mt x 0.55 power-coal share = 135.89 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 2.815% (total 2.815%). The association's list gives Shaanxi Coal Group 2024 raw-coal output of 252.01 Mt, +2.0% on 2023. Power-coal share 0.55 is a 5LayerCake judgement: Yulin thermal coal with a coal-chemicals share. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":252.01,"central":252.01,"high":252.01,"unit":"Mt","basis":"Shaanxi Coal Group raw-coal production, calendar year, million tonnes","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China National Coal Association statistic, Shaanxi Coal Group."},"prior":{"low":247.07,"central":247.07,"high":247.07,"unit":"Mt","basis":"Shaanxi Coal Group raw-coal production, calendar year, million tonnes","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 year-on-year change used to derive the 2023 value"},"note":"Derived: 252.01 / (1 +2.0%) = 247.07 Mt, from the same article."}}},"bhp":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"bhp","name":"BHP (Mt Arthur coal, Olympic Dam uranium)","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.078,"central":0.126,"high":0.173,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"World coal market, country sections (China, India, Indonesia, Russia, steam-coal export table 2) and the EU lignite and hard-coal tables"},"note":"rest of world: judged Mt Arthur output: 16.00 Mt x 0.95 power-coal share = 15.20 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.126% (total 0.126%). Judgement: BHP's thermal coal is the Mt Arthur mine in New South Wales; no BHP document was opened (bhp.com refused the request), so the output is judged at 16 Mt a year, about 8% of Australia's 202 Mt of steam-coal exports in 2025 (EURACOAL) and well below the 24 Mt level of the largest Australian thermal mines. Range 10 to 22 Mt. Power-coal share 0.95 as Mt Arthur sells to power plants. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The report covers coal and lignite producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The report covers coal and lignite producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"low":7.08,"central":7.08,"high":7.08,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 'Uranium production by company 2024' (tonnes U and share of world total)"},"note":"BHP 2,693 tU in 2024 (WNA): Olympic Dam, a copper by-product. US region 9.4% x 60% + China region 0% x 8% + rest of world 4.5% x 32% = 7.08%. US region allocations start from the EIA 2025 purchases by origin (46.9 million lb U3O8e: Canada 32.4%, Kazakhstan 28.4%, Australia 15.1%, Uzbekistan 7.0%, US 7.2%, Namibia 3.5%, Ukraine 2.3%, Niger 0.5%, withheld origins 3.5%) and split each origin between its producers by 5LayerCake judgement; China-region and rest-of-world columns are 5LayerCake estimates (rest of world uses the World Nuclear Association 2024 equity shares: Kazatomprom 20.7%, Cameco 16.9%, Orano 11.3%, Uranium One 9.7%, CGN 9.6%, Navoi 6.6%, CNNC 5.5%, Rosatom 4.5%, BHP 4.5%, General Atomics/Quasar 3.0%, other 7.7% of 60,213 tU). Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"uranium-mining":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"76b870718da92cb1519e66b8480acbd899f18afcb753df64398606f0d167cbd7"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"76b870718da92cb1519e66b8480acbd899f18afcb753df64398606f0d167cbd7"}}},"navoiyuran":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"navoiyuran","name":"Navoiyuran (Navoi Mining)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ngmk.uz/en/","title":"Home - NMMC","publisher":"Navoiyuran (Navoi Mining)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - NMMC'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Navoi Mining, Uzbek uranium producer"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ngmk.uz/en/","title":"Home - NMMC","publisher":"Navoiyuran (Navoi Mining)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - NMMC'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Navoi Mining, Uzbek uranium producer"}},"uranium-mining":{"low":6.972,"central":6.972,"high":6.972,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 'Uranium production by company 2024' (tonnes U and share of world total)"},"note":"Navoi Mining 4,000 tU in 2024 (WNA), Uzbekistan. US region 6.9% x 60% + China region 9% x 8% + rest of world 6.6% x 32% = 6.97%. US region allocations start from the EIA 2025 purchases by origin (46.9 million lb U3O8e: Canada 32.4%, Kazakhstan 28.4%, Australia 15.1%, Uzbekistan 7.0%, US 7.2%, Namibia 3.5%, Ukraine 2.3%, Niger 0.5%, withheld origins 3.5%) and split each origin between its producers by 5LayerCake judgement; China-region and rest-of-world columns are 5LayerCake estimates (rest of world uses the World Nuclear Association 2024 equity shares: Kazatomprom 20.7%, Cameco 16.9%, Orano 11.3%, Uranium One 9.7%, CGN 9.6%, Navoi 6.6%, CNNC 5.5%, Rosatom 4.5%, BHP 4.5%, General Atomics/Quasar 3.0%, other 7.7% of 60,213 tU). Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"uranium-mining":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"b9dd8027676466aa5ddd93bf7dfba5a23c6b4682ab619e1814e9ec8e3cffd7a3"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"b9dd8027676466aa5ddd93bf7dfba5a23c6b4682ab619e1814e9ec8e3cffd7a3"}}},"edf":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"edf","name":"EDF (Framatome)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.edf.fr/en/the-edf-group/dedicated-sections/journalists/all-press-releases","title":"All press releases | Groupe EDF","publisher":"EDF (Framatome)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'All press releases | Groupe EDF'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: French state utility controlling Framatome"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.edf.fr/en/the-edf-group/dedicated-sections/journalists/all-press-releases","title":"All press releases | Groupe EDF","publisher":"EDF (Framatome)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'All press releases | Groupe EDF'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: French state utility controlling Framatome"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.edf.fr/en/the-edf-group/dedicated-sections/journalists/all-press-releases","title":"All press releases | Groupe EDF","publisher":"EDF (Framatome)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'All press releases | Groupe EDF'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: French state utility controlling Framatome"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.edf.fr/en/the-edf-group/dedicated-sections/journalists/all-press-releases","title":"All press releases | Groupe EDF","publisher":"EDF (Framatome)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'All press releases | Groupe EDF'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: French state utility controlling Framatome"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"low":23.18,"central":23.18,"high":23.18,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 1 and 2: world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity, tonnes/yr"},"note":"Framatome (controlled by EDF and credited to it). US region 30% x 60% + China region 8% x 8% + rest of world 14.2% x 32% = 23.18%. World Nuclear Association Nuclear Fuel Report 2025 capacity (rod/assembly, tHM/yr; LWR 14,912 plus PHWR 4,946 = 19,858): Westinghouse 3,000 (Columbia 1,600, Vasteras 800, Springfields 600), Framatome 3,250 (Richland 1,200, Romans 1,400, Lingen 650), GNF 1,630 (Wilmington 1,000, GNF-J 630), TVEL 2,760, CNNC 1,646 (Yibin 800, Baotou 600+246), KEPCO NF 1,300, Cameco Port Hope 1,650, BWXT 1,200, India NFC 1,048, MHI 440, NFI 534, ENUSA 500, INB 240, SNN 250, Conuar 210, Ulba-FA 200. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates: US reactors Westinghouse 38%, Framatome 30%, GNF 30%; Chinese reactors CNNC 72%; rest of world by capacity outside the US plants and CNNC. Capacity is not tonnes delivered, so the observation is flagged off-basis. Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width).","offBasis":true}},"screening":{"fuel-fabrication":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"0fcc739e641cde802d8b2818c728e1640df57685c48face5d615ae5e0366f8ad"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"0fcc739e641cde802d8b2818c728e1640df57685c48face5d615ae5e0366f8ad"}}},"nacco":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"nacco","name":"NACCO Industries (North American Coal)","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":1.445,"central":1.445,"high":1.445,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"},"note":"US: 2024 production 23.48 million short tons (EIA Table 10): 21.30 Mt x 1 power-coal share = 21.30 Mt; / 339 Mt x 23% = 1.445% (total 1.445%). EIA Table 10 gives NACCO Industries production of 23.48 million short tons in 2024 (23.640 in 2023). Power-coal share 1 is a 5LayerCake judgement: mine-mouth lignite delivered to adjacent power plants. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://nacco.com/","title":"Bringing Natural Resources to Life - NACCO Natural Resources","publisher":"NACCO Industries (North American Coal)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Bringing Natural Resources to Life - NACCO Natural Resources'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: North American Coal, mine-mouth lignite for power plants"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://nacco.com/","title":"Bringing Natural Resources to Life - NACCO Natural Resources","publisher":"NACCO Industries (North American Coal)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Bringing Natural Resources to Life - NACCO Natural Resources'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: North American Coal, mine-mouth lignite for power plants"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://nacco.com/","title":"Bringing Natural Resources to Life - NACCO Natural Resources","publisher":"NACCO Industries (North American Coal)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Bringing Natural Resources to Life - NACCO Natural Resources'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: North American Coal, mine-mouth lignite for power plants"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"cc3802ac8783960623246134a4b2126baea17b3de2a46b3408fc7638f8d11cb0"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"cc3802ac8783960623246134a4b2126baea17b3de2a46b3408fc7638f8d11cb0"}},"priorShares":{"coal":{"low":1.405,"central":1.405,"high":1.405,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/archive/0584_2023.pdf","title":"Annual Coal Report 2023, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2023","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2024-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table 10 (PDF page 33): production by controlling company in thousand short tons, 2023"},"note":"US: 2023 production 23.640 million short tons (EIA 2023 Table 10): 21.45 Mt x 1 power-coal share = 21.45 Mt; / 351 Mt x 23% = 1.405% (total 1.405%). EIA Table 10 gives NACCO Industries production of 23.48 million short tons in 2024 (23.640 in 2023). Power-coal share 1 is a 5LayerCake judgement: mine-mouth lignite delivered to adjacent power plants. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 351 for 2023 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 387.2 million short tons = 351.3 Mt in 2023; the 2024 value is 339: EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. The China and rest-of-world pools are held at the same values for the earlier year because no earlier pool was opened. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":23.48,"central":23.48,"high":23.48,"unit":"million short tons","basis":"NACCO Industries coal production by controlling company, calendar year, million short tons (EIA)","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"}},"prior":{"low":23.64,"central":23.64,"high":23.64,"unit":"million short tons","basis":"NACCO Industries coal production by controlling company, calendar year, million short tons (EIA)","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/archive/0584_2023.pdf","title":"Annual Coal Report 2023, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2023","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2024-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Table 10 (PDF page 33): production by controlling company in thousand short tons, 2023"}}}},"ge-vernova":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"ge-vernova","name":"GE Vernova (Global Nuclear Fuel)","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gevernova.com/nuclear","title":"Nuclear Power Generation & Energy Solutions | GE Vernova Hitachi Nuclear Energy","publisher":"GE Vernova (Global Nuclear Fuel)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Nuclear Power Generation & Energy Solutions | GE Vernova Hitachi Nucle'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: GE Vernova, leader of Global Nuclear Fuel"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gevernova.com/nuclear","title":"Nuclear Power Generation & Energy Solutions | GE Vernova Hitachi Nuclear Energy","publisher":"GE Vernova (Global Nuclear Fuel)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Nuclear Power Generation & Energy Solutions | GE Vernova Hitachi Nucle'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: GE Vernova, leader of Global Nuclear Fuel"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gevernova.com/nuclear","title":"Nuclear Power Generation & Energy Solutions | GE Vernova Hitachi Nuclear Energy","publisher":"GE Vernova (Global Nuclear Fuel)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Nuclear Power Generation & Energy Solutions | GE Vernova Hitachi Nucle'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: GE Vernova, leader of Global Nuclear Fuel"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"low":19.41,"central":19.41,"high":19.41,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 1 and 2: world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity, tonnes/yr"},"note":"Global Nuclear Fuel (GE Vernova-led; credited to GE Vernova). US region 30% x 60% + China region 0% x 8% + rest of world 4.4% x 32% = 19.41%. World Nuclear Association Nuclear Fuel Report 2025 capacity (rod/assembly, tHM/yr; LWR 14,912 plus PHWR 4,946 = 19,858): Westinghouse 3,000 (Columbia 1,600, Vasteras 800, Springfields 600), Framatome 3,250 (Richland 1,200, Romans 1,400, Lingen 650), GNF 1,630 (Wilmington 1,000, GNF-J 630), TVEL 2,760, CNNC 1,646 (Yibin 800, Baotou 600+246), KEPCO NF 1,300, Cameco Port Hope 1,650, BWXT 1,200, India NFC 1,048, MHI 440, NFI 534, ENUSA 500, INB 240, SNN 250, Conuar 210, Ulba-FA 200. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates: US reactors Westinghouse 38%, Framatome 30%, GNF 30%; Chinese reactors CNNC 72%; rest of world by capacity outside the US plants and CNNC. Capacity is not tonnes delivered, so the observation is flagged off-basis. Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width).","offBasis":true}},"screening":{"fuel-fabrication":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"df113a39f7a84bd445fd87ad6c265788ed626a056f7e49de1091924843bf9003"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"df113a39f7a84bd445fd87ad6c265788ed626a056f7e49de1091924843bf9003"}}},"china-huaneng":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"china-huaneng","name":"China Huaneng Group","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":2.185,"central":2.185,"high":2.185,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China: 2024 raw-coal output (China National Coal Association): 111.05 Mt x 0.95 power-coal share = 105.50 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 2.185% (total 2.185%). The association's list gives China Huaneng Group 2024 raw-coal output of 111.05 Mt, +2.8% on 2023. Power-coal share 0.95 is a 5LayerCake judgement: captive mines feeding the group's own power plants. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"688bd4f36a5017b2ab64945ace571e375fac762b6e08a0f4e2c69fbff95571a8"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"688bd4f36a5017b2ab64945ace571e375fac762b6e08a0f4e2c69fbff95571a8"}},"priorShares":{"coal":{"low":2.126,"central":2.126,"high":2.126,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China: 2023 raw-coal output derived from the association's 2024 figure and its stated year-on-year change (111.05 Mt / 1.028 = 108.03 Mt): 108.03 Mt x 0.95 power-coal share = 102.62 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 2.126% (total 2.126%). The association's list gives China Huaneng Group 2024 raw-coal output of 111.05 Mt, +2.8% on 2023. Power-coal share 0.95 is a 5LayerCake judgement: captive mines feeding the group's own power plants. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":111.05,"central":111.05,"high":111.05,"unit":"Mt","basis":"China Huaneng Group raw-coal production, calendar year, million tonnes","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China National Coal Association statistic, China Huaneng Group."},"prior":{"low":108.03,"central":108.03,"high":108.03,"unit":"Mt","basis":"China Huaneng Group raw-coal production, calendar year, million tonnes","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 year-on-year change used to derive the 2023 value"},"note":"Derived: 111.05 / (1 +2.8%) = 108.03 Mt, from the same article."}}},"solstice-nuclear":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"solstice-nuclear","name":"Solstice Nuclear (Metropolis Works, ConverDyn)","kind":"unit","parentId":"solstice-advanced-materials","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://converdyn.com/about-us/","title":"About Our UF6 Conversion Company - ConverDyn","publisher":"Solstice Nuclear (Metropolis Works, ConverDyn)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'About Our UF6 Conversion Company - ConverDyn'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Metropolis Works conversion (ConverDyn)"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://converdyn.com/about-us/","title":"About Our UF6 Conversion Company - ConverDyn","publisher":"Solstice Nuclear (Metropolis Works, ConverDyn)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'About Our UF6 Conversion Company - ConverDyn'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: Metropolis Works conversion (ConverDyn)"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://converdyn.com/about-us/","title":"About Our UF6 Conversion Company - ConverDyn","publisher":"Solstice Nuclear (Metropolis Works, ConverDyn)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'About Our UF6 Conversion Company - ConverDyn'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Metropolis Works conversion (ConverDyn)"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"low":10.6,"central":10.6,"high":10.6,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 'Estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024'"},"note":"Solstice's 50% of ConverDyn (Metropolis, US; 30% of US supply and 10% of the rest of world, times 0.50). US region 15.0% x 60% + China region 0% x 8% + rest of world 5.0% x 32% = 10.6%. World Nuclear Association: estimated 2024 UF6 production 56,259 tU: Cameco 11,375, CNNC 13,489 (estimate), ConverDyn 6,370, Orano 13,650, Rosatom 11,375. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates of who supplies each region's conversion: US reactors mainly Cameco, ConverDyn and Orano; Chinese reactors mainly CNNC; the rest of the world mainly Orano and Rosatom. ConverDyn's own About page (https://www.converdyn.com/about/, 'About Our UF6 Conversion Company - ConverDyn', opened 23 October 2026, T2 company statement, page undated) says it is 'a 50/50 partnership between industry leaders Solstice Advanced Materials and General Atomics'; its volume is split 50/50 so it is counted once (an earlier 51/49 split had no opened source and is withdrawn). Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"conversion":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"0c87e1a1aa21b4e461890434bf68097138687c939ac361133ff284e643000c0c"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"0c87e1a1aa21b4e461890434bf68097138687c939ac361133ff284e643000c0c"}}},"ntec":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"ntec","name":"Navajo Transitional Energy Company","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":2.17,"central":2.17,"high":2.17,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"},"note":"US: 2024 production 37.112 million short tons (EIA Table 10): 33.67 Mt x 0.95 power-coal share = 31.98 Mt; / 339 Mt x 23% = 2.170% (total 2.170%). EIA Table 10 gives Navajo Transitional Energy Company production of 37.112 million short tons in 2024 (45.714 in 2023). Power-coal share 0.95 is a 5LayerCake judgement: thermal coal to utilities. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T1","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers US coal producers above 5 million short tons; the company is not a coal producer in it"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T1","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers US coal producers above 5 million short tons; the company is not a coal producer in it"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"a625b9c2245ae4f4e28bc2aab4118932c18c69cd25df6abdacbfe5ef4633da8c"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"a625b9c2245ae4f4e28bc2aab4118932c18c69cd25df6abdacbfe5ef4633da8c"}},"priorShares":{"coal":{"low":2.582,"central":2.582,"high":2.582,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/archive/0584_2023.pdf","title":"Annual Coal Report 2023, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2023","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2024-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table 10 (PDF page 33): production by controlling company in thousand short tons, 2023"},"note":"US: 2023 production 45.714 million short tons (EIA 2023 Table 10): 41.47 Mt x 0.95 power-coal share = 39.40 Mt; / 351 Mt x 23% = 2.582% (total 2.582%). EIA Table 10 gives Navajo Transitional Energy Company production of 37.112 million short tons in 2024 (45.714 in 2023). Power-coal share 0.95 is a 5LayerCake judgement: thermal coal to utilities. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 351 for 2023 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 387.2 million short tons = 351.3 Mt in 2023; the 2024 value is 339: EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. The China and rest-of-world pools are held at the same values for the earlier year because no earlier pool was opened. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":37.112,"central":37.112,"high":37.112,"unit":"million short tons","basis":"Navajo Transitional Energy Company coal production by controlling company, calendar year, million short tons (EIA)","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"}},"prior":{"low":45.714,"central":45.714,"high":45.714,"unit":"million short tons","basis":"Navajo Transitional Energy Company coal production by controlling company, calendar year, million short tons (EIA)","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/archive/0584_2023.pdf","title":"Annual Coal Report 2023, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2023","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2024-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Table 10 (PDF page 33): production by controlling company in thousand short tons, 2023"}}}},"tc-energy":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"tc-energy","name":"TC Energy","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.tcenergy.com/","title":"TC Energy — Home","publisher":"TC Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'TC Energy — Home'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: North American gas pipelines"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-transport":{"low":2.71,"central":2.71,"high":2.71,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.tcenergy.com/","title":"TC Energy — Home","publisher":"TC Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: US gas pipelines (Columbia, ANR, GTN), judged: 3.5 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 2.071% ; rest of world: Canadian pipelines (NGTL, Canadian Mainline) judged at 5.0 and Mexico at 0.9: 5.9 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.639%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.tcenergy.com/","title":"TC Energy — Home","publisher":"TC Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'TC Energy — Home'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: North American gas pipelines"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"0207ba839a4135ca6b7cc80ad59ec1246d3a817f6e756a74c66044ece44c6aa6"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"0207ba839a4135ca6b7cc80ad59ec1246d3a817f6e756a74c66044ece44c6aa6"}}},"enbridge":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"enbridge","name":"Enbridge","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-transport":{"low":2.325,"central":2.325,"high":2.325,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.enbridge.com/","title":"Home - Enbridge Inc.","publisher":"Enbridge","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: US gas transmission (Texas Eastern, Algonquin, Spectra), judged: 3.6 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 2.130% ; rest of world: Canadian gas transmission (Westcoast, Alliance), judged; gas distribution is not counted: 1.8 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.195%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.enbridge.com/","title":"Home - Enbridge Inc.","publisher":"Enbridge","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - Enbridge Inc.'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: North American pipeline company"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"37ff5e2d7940c3cf776ff4caadc70e8dcea82f67a58023102c957de63a101f58"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"37ff5e2d7940c3cf776ff4caadc70e8dcea82f67a58023102c957de63a101f58"}}},"eagle-specialty-materials":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"eagle-specialty-materials","name":"Eagle Specialty Materials (FM Coal)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":1.605,"central":1.605,"high":1.605,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"},"note":"US: 2024 production 26.614 million short tons (EIA Table 10): 24.14 Mt x 0.98 power-coal share = 23.66 Mt; / 339 Mt x 23% = 1.605% (total 1.605%). EIA Table 10 gives production of 26.614 million short tons in 2024 (31.974 in 2023) for the row identified as Eagle Specialty Materials (FM Coal). Power-coal share 0.98 is a 5LayerCake judgement: Powder River thermal coal to utilities. EIA lists the controlling parties of that row as private individuals, whose names are not recorded here; the match to Eagle Specialty Materials (FM Coal) is the screening pass's identification, not shown by the EIA sheet. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eaglespecialtymaterials.com/","title":"Home - Eagle Summit Resources","publisher":"Eagle Specialty Materials (FM Coal)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - Eagle Summit Resources'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: Belle Ayr and Eagle Butte Powder River mines (identification of the EIA controlling company to confirm)"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eaglespecialtymaterials.com/","title":"Home - Eagle Summit Resources","publisher":"Eagle Specialty Materials (FM Coal)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - Eagle Summit Resources'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Belle Ayr and Eagle Butte Powder River mines (identification of the EIA controlling company to confirm)"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eaglespecialtymaterials.com/","title":"Home - Eagle Summit Resources","publisher":"Eagle Specialty Materials (FM Coal)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - Eagle Summit Resources'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Belle Ayr and Eagle Butte Powder River mines (identification of the EIA controlling company to confirm)"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"2eedd822a5852c90a1d93b01d2f7fd03e95282f23ae6b3d714a00dd48257ce2c"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"2eedd822a5852c90a1d93b01d2f7fd03e95282f23ae6b3d714a00dd48257ce2c"}},"priorShares":{"coal":{"low":1.863,"central":1.863,"high":1.863,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/archive/0584_2023.pdf","title":"Annual Coal Report 2023, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2023","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2024-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table 10 (PDF page 33): production by controlling company in thousand short tons, 2023"},"note":"US: 2023 production 31.974 million short tons (EIA 2023 Table 10): 29.01 Mt x 0.98 power-coal share = 28.43 Mt; / 351 Mt x 23% = 1.863% (total 1.863%). EIA Table 10 gives production of 26.614 million short tons in 2024 (31.974 in 2023) for the row identified as Eagle Specialty Materials (FM Coal). Power-coal share 0.98 is a 5LayerCake judgement: Powder River thermal coal to utilities. EIA lists the controlling parties of that row as private individuals, whose names are not recorded here; the match to Eagle Specialty Materials (FM Coal) is the screening pass's identification, not shown by the EIA sheet. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 351 for 2023 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 387.2 million short tons = 351.3 Mt in 2023; the 2024 value is 339: EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. The China and rest-of-world pools are held at the same values for the earlier year because no earlier pool was opened. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":26.614,"central":26.614,"high":26.614,"unit":"million short tons","basis":"Eagle Specialty Materials (FM Coal) US coal production by controlling company, calendar year, million short tons (EIA)","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"}},"prior":{"low":31.974,"central":31.974,"high":31.974,"unit":"million short tons","basis":"Eagle Specialty Materials (FM Coal) US coal production by controlling company, calendar year, million short tons (EIA)","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/archive/0584_2023.pdf","title":"Annual Coal Report 2023, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2023","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2024-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Table 10 (PDF page 33): production by controlling company in thousand short tons, 2023"}}}},"alliance-resource-partners":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"alliance-resource-partners","name":"Alliance Resource Partners","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":1.584,"central":1.584,"high":1.584,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"},"note":"US: 2024 production 32.166 million short tons (EIA Table 10): 29.18 Mt x 0.8 power-coal share = 23.34 Mt; / 339 Mt x 23% = 1.584% (total 1.584%). EIA Table 10 gives Alliance Resource Partners production of 32.166 million short tons in 2024 (34.877 in 2023). Power-coal share 0.8 is a 5LayerCake judgement: thermal coal with about 20% exported. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.arlp.com/","title":"Alliance Resource Partners","publisher":"Alliance Resource Partners","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Alliance Resource Partners'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: Illinois Basin and Appalachian coal producer"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.arlp.com/","title":"Alliance Resource Partners","publisher":"Alliance Resource Partners","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Alliance Resource Partners'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Illinois Basin and Appalachian coal producer"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.arlp.com/","title":"Alliance Resource Partners","publisher":"Alliance Resource Partners","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Alliance Resource Partners'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Illinois Basin and Appalachian coal producer"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"a78bed720ec5bdf0a4fc7a870e52dd744f81db71b2843ace6efd43ec37d83232"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"a78bed720ec5bdf0a4fc7a870e52dd744f81db71b2843ace6efd43ec37d83232"}},"priorShares":{"coal":{"low":1.659,"central":1.659,"high":1.659,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/archive/0584_2023.pdf","title":"Annual Coal Report 2023, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2023","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2024-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table 10 (PDF page 33): production by controlling company in thousand short tons, 2023"},"note":"US: 2023 production 34.877 million short tons (EIA 2023 Table 10): 31.64 Mt x 0.8 power-coal share = 25.31 Mt; / 351 Mt x 23% = 1.659% (total 1.659%). EIA Table 10 gives Alliance Resource Partners production of 32.166 million short tons in 2024 (34.877 in 2023). Power-coal share 0.8 is a 5LayerCake judgement: thermal coal with about 20% exported. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 351 for 2023 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 387.2 million short tons = 351.3 Mt in 2023; the 2024 value is 339: EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. The China and rest-of-world pools are held at the same values for the earlier year because no earlier pool was opened. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":32.166,"central":32.166,"high":32.166,"unit":"million short tons","basis":"Alliance Resource Partners coal production by controlling company, calendar year, million short tons (EIA)","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"}},"prior":{"low":34.877,"central":34.877,"high":34.877,"unit":"million short tons","basis":"Alliance Resource Partners coal production by controlling company, calendar year, million short tons (EIA)","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/archive/0584_2023.pdf","title":"Annual Coal Report 2023, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2023","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2024-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Table 10 (PDF page 33): production by controlling company in thousand short tons, 2023"}}}},"exxonmobil":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"exxonmobil","name":"ExxonMobil","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":2.246,"central":2.246,"high":2.246,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: ExxonMobil US gas (XTO and Permian associated gas), judged: 3 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 1.797% ; rest of world: gas outside the US (Qatar, Australia, Papua New Guinea, Guyana, Canada, Europe), judged: 50 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.449%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.899,"central":0.899,"high":0.899,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: equity LNG (Qatar, Papua New Guinea, Gorgon), about 16 Mtpa, judged: 8.3 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.899%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"11cfd3830e34ede2efd28abb823092ac7c845311b43e5613135e61cca75bc2a7"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"11cfd3830e34ede2efd28abb823092ac7c845311b43e5613135e61cca75bc2a7"}}},"spic":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"spic","name":"State Power Investment Corporation (SPIC)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":1.509,"central":1.509,"high":1.509,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China: 2024 raw-coal output (China National Coal Association): 80.94 Mt x 0.9 power-coal share = 72.85 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 1.509% (total 1.509%). The association's list gives State Power Investment Corporation 2024 raw-coal output of 80.94 Mt, -0.1% on 2023. Power-coal share 0.9 is a 5LayerCake judgement: captive mines feeding the group's own plants. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"4b70e6b026ce4e6d66899020cd1f85c37b0a1dd39a936225c66a130c1a65a3e6"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"4b70e6b026ce4e6d66899020cd1f85c37b0a1dd39a936225c66a130c1a65a3e6"}},"priorShares":{"coal":{"low":1.51,"central":1.51,"high":1.51,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China: 2023 raw-coal output derived from the association's 2024 figure and its stated year-on-year change (80.94 Mt / 0.999 = 81.02 Mt): 81.02 Mt x 0.9 power-coal share = 72.92 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 1.510% (total 1.510%). The association's list gives State Power Investment Corporation 2024 raw-coal output of 80.94 Mt, -0.1% on 2023. Power-coal share 0.9 is a 5LayerCake judgement: captive mines feeding the group's own plants. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":80.94,"central":80.94,"high":80.94,"unit":"Mt","basis":"State Power Investment Corporation raw-coal production, calendar year, million tonnes","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output and year-on-year change of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China National Coal Association statistic, State Power Investment Corporation."},"prior":{"low":81.02,"central":81.02,"high":81.02,"unit":"Mt","basis":"State Power Investment Corporation raw-coal production, calendar year, million tonnes","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 year-on-year change used to derive the 2023 value"},"note":"Derived: 80.94 / (1 -0.1%) = 81.02 Mt, from the same article."}}},"berkshire-hathaway-energy":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"berkshire-hathaway-energy","name":"Berkshire Hathaway Energy (BHE GT&S, Northern Natural, Kern River, Cove Point)","kind":"unit","parentId":"berkshire-hathaway","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.1847,"central":0.1847,"high":0.1847,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Below the 5 million short ton threshold of Table 10, so not listed; used for the national total"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this output in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake scale judgement, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Bridger Coal and Utah mines, judged about 3 million short tons: 2.72 Mt x 1.0 power-coal share = 2.72 Mt; / 339 Mt x 23% = 0.185%. Below the 5-million-ton cut of EIA Table 10, so absent from it; captive supply to PacifiCorp plants. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Source date: Month taken from the workbook's creation metadata; the sheet shows no date. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width). Anchor: below the 5-million-short-ton cut of EIA Table 10 (the 20th producer there has 5.15 million), so absent from it."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T1","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers US coal producers above 5 million short tons; the company is not a coal producer in it"}},"gas-transport":{"low":2.071,"central":2.071,"high":2.071,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Eastern Energy Gas, Cove Point LNG, Northern Natural and Kern River revenue, judged: 3.5 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 2.071%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"db6673279913dbef63ef1b549ebe653bc136ce65542e1e6f6959ee61f0f2bf25"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"db6673279913dbef63ef1b549ebe653bc136ce65542e1e6f6959ee61f0f2bf25"}}},"chevron":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"chevron","name":"Chevron","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":2.058,"central":2.058,"high":2.058,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Chevron US gas (Permian associated gas, Gulf of America, Rockies), judged: 2.7 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 1.618% ; rest of world: Chevron gas outside the US (Australia, Kazakhstan, Thailand, Nigeria and others), judged: 49 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.440%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.845,"central":0.845,"high":0.845,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: equity LNG (Gorgon, Wheatstone, Angola LNG), about 15 Mtpa, judged: 7.8 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.845%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"31b8bf3ca084a3f9387143fe2f6b30d8046ba309621bc4eb0b4cec6761b6f6c5"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"31b8bf3ca084a3f9387143fe2f6b30d8046ba309621bc4eb0b4cec6761b6f6c5"}}},"acnr-holdings":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"acnr-holdings","name":"American Consolidated Natural Resources (ACNR Holdings)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":1.365,"central":1.365,"high":1.365,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"},"note":"US: 2024 production 26.1 million short tons (EIA Table 10): 23.68 Mt x 0.85 power-coal share = 20.13 Mt; / 339 Mt x 23% = 1.365% (total 1.365%). EIA Table 10 gives ACNR Holdings production of 26.1 million short tons in 2024 (32.178 in 2023). Power-coal share 0.85 is a 5LayerCake judgement: thermal coal with some exports. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T1","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers US coal producers above 5 million short tons; the company is not a coal producer in it"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T1","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers US coal producers above 5 million short tons; the company is not a coal producer in it"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"88260bb9d10bbb1e4eb9dc4634201674aca7485b56302983fcdd9dd7dd93db94"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"88260bb9d10bbb1e4eb9dc4634201674aca7485b56302983fcdd9dd7dd93db94"}},"priorShares":{"coal":{"low":1.626,"central":1.626,"high":1.626,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/archive/0584_2023.pdf","title":"Annual Coal Report 2023, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2023","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2024-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table 10 (PDF page 33): production by controlling company in thousand short tons, 2023"},"note":"US: 2023 production 32.178 million short tons (EIA 2023 Table 10): 29.19 Mt x 0.85 power-coal share = 24.81 Mt; / 351 Mt x 23% = 1.626% (total 1.626%). EIA Table 10 gives ACNR Holdings production of 26.1 million short tons in 2024 (32.178 in 2023). Power-coal share 0.85 is a 5LayerCake judgement: thermal coal with some exports. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 351 for 2023 (EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 387.2 million short tons = 351.3 Mt in 2023; the 2024 value is 339: EIA Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 26: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons = 338.6 Mt in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. The China and rest-of-world pools are held at the same values for the earlier year because no earlier pool was opened. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":26.1,"central":26.1,"high":26.1,"unit":"million short tons","basis":"ACNR Holdings coal production by controlling company, calendar year, million short tons (EIA)","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Annual Coal Report 2024, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"}},"prior":{"low":32.178,"central":32.178,"high":32.178,"unit":"million short tons","basis":"ACNR Holdings coal production by controlling company, calendar year, million short tons (EIA)","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/archive/0584_2023.pdf","title":"Annual Coal Report 2023, Table 10: Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2023","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2024-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Table 10 (PDF page 33): production by controlling company in thousand short tons, 2023"}}}},"pipechina":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"pipechina","name":"PipeChina (China Oil & Gas Pipeline Network Corporation)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.pipechina.com.cn/index.html","title":"国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司","publisher":"PipeChina (China Oil & Gas Pipeline Network Corporation)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title '国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Chinese national trunk pipeline owner"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.pipechina.com.cn/index.html","title":"国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司","publisher":"PipeChina (China Oil & Gas Pipeline Network Corporation)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title '国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: Chinese national trunk pipeline owner"}},"gas-transport":{"low":1.071,"central":1.071,"high":1.071,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.pipechina.com.cn/index.html","title":"国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司","publisher":"PipeChina (China Oil & Gas Pipeline Network Corporation)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. China: China Oil & Gas Pipeline Network Corporation trunk-network gas transmission revenue, judged: 12.5 USD bn / 35 USD bn pool x 3% = 1.071%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.pipechina.com.cn/index.html","title":"国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司","publisher":"PipeChina (China Oil & Gas Pipeline Network Corporation)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title '国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Chinese national trunk pipeline owner"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"51c131c2dd9cd3a46097a8c19b43bf8054acbb4b4eec3b4e9a7890e2e6aaeeb5"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"51c131c2dd9cd3a46097a8c19b43bf8054acbb4b4eec3b4e9a7890e2e6aaeeb5"}}},"conocophillips":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"conocophillips","name":"ConocoPhillips","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":1.791,"central":1.791,"high":1.791,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: ConocoPhillips Lower 48 gas, judged: 2.6 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 1.558% ; rest of world: gas outside the US (Australia's APLNG, Norway, Qatar, Malaysia, Indonesia), judged: 26 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.233%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.39,"central":0.39,"high":0.39,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: equity LNG (APLNG, Qatar), about 7 Mtpa, judged: 3.6 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.390%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"813d4b8a79318a07714f902f59ff40546c57903dc0c92d3fe44c2dc076bd49e0"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"813d4b8a79318a07714f902f59ff40546c57903dc0c92d3fe44c2dc076bd49e0"}}},"coterra":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"coterra","name":"Coterra Energy","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.coterra.com/","title":"Coterra Energy - Flexible and built for the future.","publisher":"Coterra Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Coterra Energy - Flexible and built for the future.'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Marcellus and Permian gas producer"}},"gas-production":{"low":1.797,"central":1.797,"high":1.797,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Coterra gas (Marcellus about 2.0, Permian and Anadarko the rest), judged: 3 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 1.797%. Plausibility check on the opened EIA regional totals: the judged Appalachian producers (EQT 6.07, Expand about 4.0, Antero 2.1, Ascent 2.1, Range 1.9, CNX 1.55, Seneca 1.0 and Coterra's Marcellus 2.0 Bcf/d, about 20.7 Bcf/d together) are 57% of the 36.6 Bcf/d EIA gives for Appalachia in 2025. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.coterra.com/","title":"Coterra Energy - Flexible and built for the future.","publisher":"Coterra Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Coterra Energy - Flexible and built for the future.'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Marcellus and Permian gas producer"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.coterra.com/","title":"Coterra Energy - Flexible and built for the future.","publisher":"Coterra Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Coterra Energy - Flexible and built for the future.'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Marcellus and Permian gas producer"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"01b9e8f49a9f7308a25867b7aaca9f88fbcd378acaa9730a91f4af7362d5ef3f"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"01b9e8f49a9f7308a25867b7aaca9f88fbcd378acaa9730a91f4af7362d5ef3f"}}},"oneok":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"oneok","name":"ONEOK","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.oneok.com/","title":"ONEOK, Inc.","publisher":"ONEOK","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'ONEOK, Inc.'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: US gas gathering, processing and pipelines"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-transport":{"low":3.55,"central":3.55,"high":3.55,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.oneok.com/","title":"ONEOK, Inc.","publisher":"ONEOK","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: natural gas gathering, processing and pipeline fee revenue, judged: 6 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 3.550%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.oneok.com/","title":"ONEOK, Inc.","publisher":"ONEOK","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'ONEOK, Inc.'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: US gas gathering, processing and pipelines"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"990ecb2dd3dc36111990a6213e8ca69f86b4f4c6cbd834fd3ab5cd89da5a2af9"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"990ecb2dd3dc36111990a6213e8ca69f86b4f4c6cbd834fd3ab5cd89da5a2af9"}}},"inner-mongolia-energy-group":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"inner-mongolia-energy-group","name":"Inner Mongolia Energy Group","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.5282,"central":1.056,"high":1.258,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Top-ten list: the 10th-ranked producer (Henan Energy Group) made 71.46 million tonnes in 2024"},"note":"China: estimated raw-coal output, below the 10th-ranked producer in the China National Coal Association 2024 list: 60 Mt x 0.85 power-coal share = 51.0 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 1.06% ; Range from the output bound: 30-71.46 Mt (the upper end is the 10th-ranked producer's 71.46 Mt in the China National Coal Association 2024 list, so any producer outside its top ten is at or below it). The output is a 5LayerCake estimate (central 60 Mt) because the company is not in the published top ten; power-coal share 0.85: integrated power and thermal coal. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"de65e80d42d4b4bb05cddc509826ab0b1712889a280cf1b17f75ded85ba63cb3"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"de65e80d42d4b4bb05cddc509826ab0b1712889a280cf1b17f75ded85ba63cb3"}}},"eog-resources":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"eog-resources","name":"EOG Resources","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":1.645,"central":1.645,"high":1.645,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: EOG gas (Dorado, Utica via Encino, Permian associated gas), judged: 2.7 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 1.618% ; rest of world: Trinidad gas, judged: 3 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.027%. Plausibility check on the opened EIA regional totals: the judged Appalachian producers (EQT 6.07, Expand about 4.0, Antero 2.1, Ascent 2.1, Range 1.9, CNX 1.55, Seneca 1.0 and Coterra's Marcellus 2.0 Bcf/d, about 20.7 Bcf/d together) are 57% of the 36.6 Bcf/d EIA gives for Appalachia in 2025. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"fa24380d05b5b5f1d0eaad196a879e11baa1be68bb9ae6318686e8652ed08612"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"fa24380d05b5b5f1d0eaad196a879e11baa1be68bb9ae6318686e8652ed08612"}}},"sonatrach":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"sonatrach","name":"Sonatrach","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://sonatrach.com/en/","title":"Home - SONATRACH","publisher":"Sonatrach","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - SONATRACH'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Algerian state company"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.79,"central":0.79,"high":0.79,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: Sonatrach equity gas, judged at 88 bcm of Algeria's 104 bcm: 88 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.790%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":1.192,"central":1.192,"high":1.192,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://sonatrach.com/en/","title":"Home - SONATRACH","publisher":"Sonatrach","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: Sonatrach LNG (about 25 Mtpa) and pipeline revenue, judged: 11 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 1.192%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://sonatrach.com/en/","title":"Home - SONATRACH","publisher":"Sonatrach","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - SONATRACH'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Algerian state company"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"b3803c5d15d5c0b9e9e75dfe4a5e612b409b9be1a5cb0be2095b99b0b7c0c500"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"b3803c5d15d5c0b9e9e75dfe4a5e612b409b9be1a5cb0be2095b99b0b7c0c500"}}},"bp":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"bp","name":"BP","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":1.273,"central":1.273,"high":1.273,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: BP US gas (BPX Haynesville, Permian, Eagle Ford, Gulf), judged: 1.6 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 0.959% ; rest of world: BP gas outside the US (Egypt, Trinidad, Oman, Azerbaijan, Indonesia, Australia), judged: 35 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.314%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.433,"central":0.433,"high":0.433,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: equity LNG (Tangguh, Atlantic LNG, Greater Tortue, North West Shelf), about 8 Mtpa, judged, plus South Caucasus pipeline share: 4 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.433%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"45eae39392ca489e381ede3b400e7368f374bc294fafa1556204b9a64550b34a"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"45eae39392ca489e381ede3b400e7368f374bc294fafa1556204b9a64550b34a"}}},"targa":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"targa","name":"Targa Resources","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-transport":{"low":2.663,"central":2.663,"high":2.663,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: gathering and processing fee revenue, judged: 4.5 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 2.663%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"2071c4d0f7fa3641e6feed77d0fb9fd114eef97d2ca171961266f59c9b4674c0"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"2071c4d0f7fa3641e6feed77d0fb9fd114eef97d2ca171961266f59c9b4674c0"}}},"mitsubishi-corporation":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"mitsubishi-corporation","name":"Mitsubishi Corporation (Adamas Energy)","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":1.258,"central":1.258,"high":1.258,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Adamas Energy (Mitsubishi's purchase of Aethon's Haynesville business, closed 14 July 2026), judged; Aethon is consolidated into Mitsubishi here, so the volume counts although it was Aethon's in 2025: 2.1 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 1.258%. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.217,"central":0.217,"high":0.217,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: equity LNG revenue (LNG Canada 15%, Brunei, Malaysia), judged: 2 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.217%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"0db930f59ebeb22ca39a15bf62ef35a6df1b41ccaec0e7d40da14d1197da3beb"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"0db930f59ebeb22ca39a15bf62ef35a6df1b41ccaec0e7d40da14d1197da3beb"}}},"petronas":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"petronas","name":"Petronas","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.petronas.com/","title":"Passionate about Progress | PETRONAS Global","publisher":"Petronas","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Passionate about Progress | PETRONAS Global'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Malaysian state company"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.584,"central":0.584,"high":0.584,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: Petronas gas, judged at 65 bcm of Malaysia's 74 bcm plus the Canadian Montney: 65 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.584%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":1.517,"central":1.517,"high":1.517,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.petronas.com/","title":"Passionate about Progress | PETRONAS Global","publisher":"Petronas","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: Petronas LNG complex (about 30 Mtpa) and Peninsular gas pipelines revenue, judged: 14 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 1.517%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.petronas.com/","title":"Passionate about Progress | PETRONAS Global","publisher":"Petronas","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Passionate about Progress | PETRONAS Global'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Malaysian state company"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"e8bea812be6d877c281d09d2c75f83fb9a17dafc268a09f2e34b402e9934a66e"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"e8bea812be6d877c281d09d2c75f83fb9a17dafc268a09f2e34b402e9934a66e"}}},"freeport-lng":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"freeport-lng","name":"Freeport LNG","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://freeportlng.com/","title":"Home | Freeport LNG","publisher":"Freeport LNG","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home | Freeport LNG'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: US LNG exporter"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://freeportlng.com/","title":"Home | Freeport LNG","publisher":"Freeport LNG","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home | Freeport LNG'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: US LNG exporter"}},"gas-transport":{"low":1.775,"central":1.775,"high":1.775,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://freeportlng.com/","title":"Home | Freeport LNG","publisher":"Freeport LNG","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: tolling revenue: 767,348 MMcf (about 796 TBtu) exported from Freeport in 2025 (EIA, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_poe2_a_EPG0_ENG_Mmcf_a.htm) at a blended tolling fee judged at USD 3.8 per MMBtu: 3 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 1.775%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://freeportlng.com/","title":"Home | Freeport LNG","publisher":"Freeport LNG","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home | Freeport LNG'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: US LNG exporter"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"cef6138380363813be7b71890d9d9bf9412d57bea84601204aa9243f0d870f38"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"cef6138380363813be7b71890d9d9bf9412d57bea84601204aa9243f0d870f38"}}},"antero-resources":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"antero-resources","name":"Antero Resources","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.anteroresources.com/","title":"Antero Resources Corporation (AR)","publisher":"Antero Resources","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Antero Resources Corporation (AR)'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Appalachian gas producer"}},"gas-production":{"low":1.258,"central":1.258,"high":1.258,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Antero gas, judged at 2.1 Bcf/d within about 3.4 Bcfe/d total with liquids: 2.1 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 1.258%. Plausibility check on the opened EIA regional totals: the judged Appalachian producers (EQT 6.07, Expand about 4.0, Antero 2.1, Ascent 2.1, Range 1.9, CNX 1.55, Seneca 1.0 and Coterra's Marcellus 2.0 Bcf/d, about 20.7 Bcf/d together) are 57% of the 36.6 Bcf/d EIA gives for Appalachia in 2025. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.anteroresources.com/","title":"Antero Resources Corporation (AR)","publisher":"Antero Resources","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Antero Resources Corporation (AR)'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Appalachian gas producer"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"3abdd01aacd6aa1551f55366663358651534c1a30aaaf946596bf78626a50b4d"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"3abdd01aacd6aa1551f55366663358651534c1a30aaaf946596bf78626a50b4d"}}},"ascent-resources":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"ascent-resources","name":"Ascent Resources","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ascentresources.com/","title":"Ascent Resources","publisher":"Ascent Resources","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Ascent Resources'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Utica gas producer"}},"gas-production":{"low":1.258,"central":1.258,"high":1.258,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Ascent gas (Utica), judged: 2.1 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 1.258%. Plausibility check on the opened EIA regional totals: the judged Appalachian producers (EQT 6.07, Expand about 4.0, Antero 2.1, Ascent 2.1, Range 1.9, CNX 1.55, Seneca 1.0 and Coterra's Marcellus 2.0 Bcf/d, about 20.7 Bcf/d together) are 57% of the 36.6 Bcf/d EIA gives for Appalachia in 2025. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ascentresources.com/","title":"Ascent Resources","publisher":"Ascent Resources","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Ascent Resources'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Utica gas producer"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ascentresources.com/","title":"Ascent Resources","publisher":"Ascent Resources","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Ascent Resources'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Utica gas producer"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"5d2bd3adbe7bb2838e9e178677480499b880a619ba3b27e38d255cec6fb861f5"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"5d2bd3adbe7bb2838e9e178677480499b880a619ba3b27e38d255cec6fb861f5"}}},"shell":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"shell","name":"Shell","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.669,"central":0.669,"high":0.669,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: Shell gas outside the US (Qatar, Australia, Nigeria, Malaysia, Oman, Egypt, Norway, UK, Brunei, Canada), judged; its US gas is not counted: 74.5 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.669%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":1.408,"central":1.408,"high":1.408,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: equity LNG (Nigeria, Brunei, Oman, Australia, Canada, Qatar), about 25 Mtpa, judged; trading volumes are not counted: 13 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 1.408%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"eacb6557dad0d0b2f9ac30d0df4c7f1ee226afadf59876c2ab8660b111e6bb64"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"eacb6557dad0d0b2f9ac30d0df4c7f1ee226afadf59876c2ab8660b111e6bb64"}}},"range-resources":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"range-resources","name":"Range Resources","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.rangeresources.com/","title":"Natural Gas | Range Resources Corporation - Range Resources","publisher":"Range Resources","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Natural Gas | Range Resources Corporation - Range Resources'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Appalachian gas producer"}},"gas-production":{"low":1.138,"central":1.138,"high":1.138,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Range gas, judged at 1.9 Bcf/d within about 2.2 Bcfe/d total: 1.9 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 1.138%. Plausibility check on the opened EIA regional totals: the judged Appalachian producers (EQT 6.07, Expand about 4.0, Antero 2.1, Ascent 2.1, Range 1.9, CNX 1.55, Seneca 1.0 and Coterra's Marcellus 2.0 Bcf/d, about 20.7 Bcf/d together) are 57% of the 36.6 Bcf/d EIA gives for Appalachia in 2025. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.rangeresources.com/","title":"Natural Gas | Range Resources Corporation - Range Resources","publisher":"Range Resources","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Natural Gas | Range Resources Corporation - Range Resources'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Appalachian gas producer"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.rangeresources.com/","title":"Natural Gas | Range Resources Corporation - Range Resources","publisher":"Range Resources","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Natural Gas | Range Resources Corporation - Range Resources'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Appalachian gas producer"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"b9bef4de92efbad0668a97e81fc053a90bfe444f06cf4fcc8a4fdda9f7fb2a05"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"b9bef4de92efbad0668a97e81fc053a90bfe444f06cf4fcc8a4fdda9f7fb2a05"}}},"western-midstream":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"western-midstream","name":"Western Midstream","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.westernmidstream.com/","title":"Western Midstream | WES","publisher":"Western Midstream","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Western Midstream | WES'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: US gas gathering and processing"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-transport":{"low":2.189,"central":2.189,"high":2.189,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.westernmidstream.com/","title":"Western Midstream | WES","publisher":"Western Midstream","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: gathering and processing revenue, judged: 3.7 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 2.189%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.westernmidstream.com/","title":"Western Midstream | WES","publisher":"Western Midstream","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Western Midstream | WES'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: US gas gathering and processing"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"a0c94805d0035ee24cf87e0057fe132941ed74cb9e192a4b105dd77c3c772fcf"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"a0c94805d0035ee24cf87e0057fe132941ed74cb9e192a4b105dd77c3c772fcf"}}},"luan-chemical":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"luan-chemical","name":"Lu'an Chemical Group","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.8681,"central":0.8681,"high":0.8681,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China: 2024 raw-coal output (China National Coal Association): 93.13 Mt x 0.45 power-coal share = 41.91 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 0.868%. Power-coal share 0.45 is a 5LayerCake estimate: mixed thermal, injection and chemical coal. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"382f285ffe90b4ddabb048fe814677b7701d4e754b0c424059fc7bead149b635"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"382f285ffe90b4ddabb048fe814677b7701d4e754b0c424059fc7bead149b635"}}},"mplx":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"mplx","name":"MPLX","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-transport":{"low":2.071,"central":2.071,"high":2.071,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: gas gathering and processing revenue (Marcellus, Southwest), judged: 3.5 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 2.071%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"36bb2bf57d6222c090dfb153bba5658e66b6d486f3355f2a92faa149391280aa"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"36bb2bf57d6222c090dfb153bba5658e66b6d486f3355f2a92faa149391280aa"}}},"diamondback":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"diamondback","name":"Diamondback Energy","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":1.019,"central":1.019,"high":1.019,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Diamondback gas (Permian associated gas), judged; EIA gives the Permian 27.7 Bcf/d in 2025: 1.7 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 1.019%. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"c32bdaf44d4d1dc5c4fe4c21d4da0125aca3a6bbad66c418ac8dcb069560e905"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"c32bdaf44d4d1dc5c4fe4c21d4da0125aca3a6bbad66c418ac8dcb069560e905"}}},"occidental":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"occidental","name":"Occidental Petroleum","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.oxy.com/","title":"Oxy | Zero In","publisher":"Occidental Petroleum","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Oxy | Zero In'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Permian-focused oil and gas producer"}},"gas-production":{"low":1.013,"central":1.013,"high":1.013,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Occidental US gas (Permian, DJ, Gulf), judged: 1.6 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 0.959% ; rest of world: Oman and UAE gas, judged: 6 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.054%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.oxy.com/","title":"Oxy | Zero In","publisher":"Occidental Petroleum","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Oxy | Zero In'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Permian-focused oil and gas producer"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"950a9d4209420d48cf502e28e4d3bc4ce4b01841e7cbd7648ffe1717cc840932"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"950a9d4209420d48cf502e28e4d3bc4ce4b01841e7cbd7648ffe1717cc840932"}}},"huadian":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"huadian","name":"China Huadian Corporation","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.2952,"central":0.7871,"high":1.406,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Top-ten list: the 10th-ranked producer (Henan Energy Group) made 71.46 million tonnes in 2024"},"note":"China: estimated raw-coal output, below the 10th-ranked producer in the China National Coal Association 2024 list: 40 Mt x 0.95 power-coal share = 38.0 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 0.787% ; Range from the output bound: 15-71.46 Mt (the upper end is the 10th-ranked producer's 71.46 Mt in the China National Coal Association 2024 list, so any producer outside its top ten is at or below it). The output is a 5LayerCake estimate (central 40 Mt) because the company is not in the published top ten; power-coal share 0.95: captive mines feeding the group's own plants. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"f845d62769145b7492da06edc6a9c8159d921557ee7800b023d99b1707e10809"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"f845d62769145b7492da06edc6a9c8159d921557ee7800b023d99b1707e10809"}}},"foresight-energy":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"foresight-energy","name":"Foresight Energy","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.7606,"central":0.7606,"high":0.7606,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"},"note":"US: 2024 production 15.447 million short tons (EIA Table 10): 14.01 Mt x 0.8 power-coal share = 11.21 Mt; / 339 Mt x 23% = 0.761%. Power-coal share 0.8 is a 5LayerCake estimate: thermal coal with about 20% exported.  Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Source date: Month taken from the workbook's creation metadata; the sheet shows no date. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T1","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers US coal producers above 5 million short tons; the company is not a coal producer in it"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T1","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers US coal producers above 5 million short tons; the company is not a coal producer in it"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"a6ff2b6df313c1b97496bb68d079b647b3de698033db5a81f85870e272630611"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"a6ff2b6df313c1b97496bb68d079b647b3de698033db5a81f85870e272630611"}}},"nuclear-fuel-complex":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"nuclear-fuel-complex","name":"Nuclear Fuel Complex (India, DAE)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.nfc.gov.in/","title":"Nuclear Fuel Complex, Department of Atomic Energy, India","publisher":"Nuclear Fuel Complex (India, DAE)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Nuclear Fuel Complex, Department of Atomic Energy, India'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: India DAE fuel complex"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.nfc.gov.in/","title":"Nuclear Fuel Complex, Department of Atomic Energy, India","publisher":"Nuclear Fuel Complex (India, DAE)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Nuclear Fuel Complex, Department of Atomic Energy, India'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: India DAE fuel complex"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.nfc.gov.in/","title":"Nuclear Fuel Complex, Department of Atomic Energy, India","publisher":"Nuclear Fuel Complex (India, DAE)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Nuclear Fuel Complex, Department of Atomic Energy, India'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: India DAE fuel complex"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.nfc.gov.in/","title":"Nuclear Fuel Complex, Department of Atomic Energy, India","publisher":"Nuclear Fuel Complex (India, DAE)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Nuclear Fuel Complex, Department of Atomic Energy, India'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: India DAE fuel complex"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"low":2.336,"central":2.336,"high":2.336,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 1 and 2: world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity, tonnes/yr"},"note":"India's Nuclear Fuel Complex, Hyderabad. US region 0% x 60% + China region 0% x 8% + rest of world 7.3% x 32% = 2.34%. World Nuclear Association Nuclear Fuel Report 2025 capacity (rod/assembly, tHM/yr; LWR 14,912 plus PHWR 4,946 = 19,858): Westinghouse 3,000 (Columbia 1,600, Vasteras 800, Springfields 600), Framatome 3,250 (Richland 1,200, Romans 1,400, Lingen 650), GNF 1,630 (Wilmington 1,000, GNF-J 630), TVEL 2,760, CNNC 1,646 (Yibin 800, Baotou 600+246), KEPCO NF 1,300, Cameco Port Hope 1,650, BWXT 1,200, India NFC 1,048, MHI 440, NFI 534, ENUSA 500, INB 240, SNN 250, Conuar 210, Ulba-FA 200. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates: US reactors Westinghouse 38%, Framatome 30%, GNF 30%; Chinese reactors CNNC 72%; rest of world by capacity outside the US plants and CNNC. Capacity is not tonnes delivered, so the observation is flagged off-basis. Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width).","offBasis":true}},"screening":{"fuel-fabrication":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"80cd3df618439ae58a5049c866443634107771bd0d7e832f7ebde979920297b7"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"80cd3df618439ae58a5049c866443634107771bd0d7e832f7ebde979920297b7"}}},"glencore":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"glencore","name":"Glencore (thermal coal)","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.7435,"central":0.7435,"high":0.7435,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"World coal market, country sections (China, India, Indonesia, Russia, steam-coal export table 2) and the EU lignite and hard-coal tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this output in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake scale judgement, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: judged output about 100 Mt: 100 Mt x 0.9 power-coal share = 90.0 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.743%. Power-coal share 0.9: seaborne thermal coal. Context: EURACOAL: Australia exported 202 Mt of steam coal in 2025. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width). Anchor: the judged 100 Mt of thermal coal across Australia, South Africa and Colombia compares with Australia's 202 Mt of steam-coal exports in 2025 (EURACOAL)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.glencore.com/","title":"Glencore","publisher":"Glencore (thermal coal)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Glencore'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: Glencore thermal coal (Australia, Colombia, South Africa)"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.glencore.com/","title":"Glencore","publisher":"Glencore (thermal coal)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Glencore'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Glencore thermal coal (Australia, Colombia, South Africa)"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.glencore.com/","title":"Glencore","publisher":"Glencore (thermal coal)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Glencore'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Glencore thermal coal (Australia, Colombia, South Africa)"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"d5cd3c8a48758160fe65535189205e15604224427df275fd4e74df5e52d88b02"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"d5cd3c8a48758160fe65535189205e15604224427df275fd4e74df5e52d88b02"}}},"suek":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"suek","name":"SUEK (Siberian Coal Energy Company)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.7373,"central":0.7373,"high":0.7373,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"World coal market, country sections (China, India, Indonesia, Russia, steam-coal export table 2) and the EU lignite and hard-coal tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this output in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake scale judgement, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: judged output about 105 Mt: 105 Mt x 0.85 power-coal share = 89.25 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.737%. Power-coal share 0.85: thermal coal to Russian utilities and Asian exports. Context: EURACOAL: Russian coal production 440 Mt in 2025, 70% of companies unprofitable. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width). Anchor: the judged 105 Mt is about 24% of Russia's 440 Mt in 2025 (EURACOAL)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The report covers coal and lignite producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The report covers coal and lignite producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"bb8a9f7d2a99b6e327ce87a326fa0b783da71faa74599e50b7cc8b31b0b59c23"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"bb8a9f7d2a99b6e327ce87a326fa0b783da71faa74599e50b7cc8b31b0b59c23"}}},"novatek":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"novatek","name":"Novatek","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.novatek.ru/en/","title":"ПАО НОВАТЭК","publisher":"Novatek","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'ПАО НОВАТЭК'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Russian gas producer and LNG company"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.79,"central":0.79,"high":0.79,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: Novatek gas including its joint-venture shares, judged at about 14% of Russia's 649 bcm: 88 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.790%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.975,"central":0.975,"high":0.975,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.novatek.ru/en/","title":"ПАО НОВАТЭК","publisher":"Novatek","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: Yamal LNG and other LNG revenue, judged: 9 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.975%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.novatek.ru/en/","title":"ПАО НОВАТЭК","publisher":"Novatek","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'ПАО НОВАТЭК'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Russian gas producer and LNG company"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"0612a67d2550fb88acdd0c4e9e4fe272e57e3d6646f3e46b38af0da8481cc048"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"0612a67d2550fb88acdd0c4e9e4fe272e57e3d6646f3e46b38af0da8481cc048"}}},"enterprise-products":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"enterprise-products","name":"Enterprise Products Partners","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.enterpriseproducts.com/","title":"Enterprise Products Partners (company page)","publisher":"Enterprise Products Partners","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Enterprise Products Partners'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: US pipelines, NGLs and processing"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-transport":{"low":1.775,"central":1.775,"high":1.775,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.enterpriseproducts.com/","title":"Enterprise Products Partners (company page)","publisher":"Enterprise Products Partners","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: natural gas pipelines and services revenue, judged: 3 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 1.775%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.enterpriseproducts.com/","title":"Enterprise Products Partners (company page)","publisher":"Enterprise Products Partners","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Enterprise Products Partners'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: US pipelines, NGLs and processing"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"f93c2993ae4e3c245a5e53086610120637fbf803d575bfcff40d27ffea6a821c"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"f93c2993ae4e3c245a5e53086610120637fbf803d575bfcff40d27ffea6a821c"}}},"cnx-resources":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cnx-resources","name":"CNX Resources","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.cnx.com/","title":"CNX Resources (company page)","publisher":"CNX Resources","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'CNX Resources'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Appalachian gas producer"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.929,"central":0.929,"high":0.929,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: CNX (Marcellus and Utica), judged: 1.55 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 0.929%. Plausibility check on the opened EIA regional totals: the judged Appalachian producers (EQT 6.07, Expand about 4.0, Antero 2.1, Ascent 2.1, Range 1.9, CNX 1.55, Seneca 1.0 and Coterra's Marcellus 2.0 Bcf/d, about 20.7 Bcf/d together) are 57% of the 36.6 Bcf/d EIA gives for Appalachia in 2025. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.325,"central":0.325,"high":0.325,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.cnx.com/","title":"CNX Resources (company page)","publisher":"CNX Resources","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: midstream gathering revenue, judged: 0.55 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 0.325%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.cnx.com/","title":"CNX Resources (company page)","publisher":"CNX Resources","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'CNX Resources'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Appalachian gas producer"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"e7b51251a8c7603f2990bb9a13e8a86f97bfb7025c9b785ea5151950d1e52d19"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"e7b51251a8c7603f2990bb9a13e8a86f97bfb7025c9b785ea5151950d1e52d19"}}},"saudi-aramco":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"saudi-aramco","name":"Saudi Aramco","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.aramco.com/","title":"Where energy is opportunity | Aramco","publisher":"Saudi Aramco","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Where energy is opportunity | Aramco'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Saudi oil and gas company"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.898,"central":0.898,"high":0.898,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: Saudi Aramco gas, judged at 100 bcm of Saudi Arabia's 103 bcm: 100 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.898%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.325,"central":0.325,"high":0.325,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.enerdata.net/publications/daily-energy-news/saudi-aramco-signs-us155bn-gas-pipeline-deal-black-rock-saudi-arabia.html","title":"Saudi Aramco signs US$15.5bn gas pipeline deal with Black Rock (Saudi Arabia)","publisher":"Enerdata","publishedDate":"2021-12-08","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Aramco 'has signed a US$15.5bn lease and leaseback agreement'; 49% stake in a new subsidiary sold to the consortium; leased back to Aramco for 20 years; tariff payable by Aramco"},"note":"Judgement (T5) anchored on the 2021-22 gas-pipeline transaction between Aramco and a BlackRock- and Hassana-led consortium (opened 23 October 2026). Enerdata's report of 8 December 2021 (the source above, relaying Aramco's announcement) says Aramco signed a US$15.5bn lease and leaseback agreement, selling a 49% stake in a new subsidiary, Aramco Gas Pipelines Company, which leases the gas pipeline network (the Master Gas System) back to Aramco for 20 years and receives a tariff payable by Aramco. Keppel Infrastructure Trust, a member of the buyer consortium, confirms the structure in its own release of 8 February 2022 (https://keppel.com/en/media/media-releases-sgx-filings/keppel-infrastructure-trust-to-invest-in-aramco-gas-pipelines-company, opened 23 October 2026): a 49% stake, a 20-year lease of usage rights in the network, and a quarterly volume-based tariff backed by minimum volume commitments (it states no price or tariff size). Secondary: Aramco's own release of 23 February 2022 on the closing (https://www.aramco.com/en/news-media/news/2022/aramco-closes-gas-pipeline-deal-with-global-investor-consortium, opened 23 October 2026; aramco.com may not open for the check pass) states the same terms. Whole-network value USD 15.5 bn / 0.49 = USD 31.6 bn; the annual tariff that repays that over 20 years at 6% to 8% is USD 2.8 to 3.2 bn (annuity factors 11.47 and 9.82), judged at USD 3.0 bn (about 7%). Volume cross-check (not the anchor; aramco.com may not open for the check pass): Aramco's Annual Report 2025 (https://www.aramco.com/-/media/publications/corporate-reports/reports-and-presentations/2025/fy/sections/ara-2025-results-english.pdf, title 'Annual Report 2025', undated, opened 23 October 2026) gives 2025 average gas production of about 11.4 bscfd (page 52) feeding the Master Gas System, whose current capacity is 12.5 bscfd (page 61): 11.4 bscfd x 365 = 4,161 Bcf, so USD 3.0 bn is about USD 0.72 per Mcf, against USD 0.39 per Mcf judged for Equitrans' gathering and transmission in this sublayer and about USD 1.77 per Mcf for the whole US pipeline, storage and gathering pool (USD 76.4 bn over 43,252 Bcf of US marketed production at 118.5 Bcf/d). The tariff is paid inside the Aramco group, which keeps 51% and full operational control, so it is an economic transport fee, not external revenue; the earlier figure of USD 0.7 bn (external revenue only) is withdrawn. rest of world: 3.0 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.325%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.aramco.com/","title":"Where energy is opportunity | Aramco","publisher":"Saudi Aramco","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Where energy is opportunity | Aramco'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Saudi oil and gas company"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"9c528bd088ebd45b10a849640ce050f65b928bfb37a52a6902bb0dde61191b6a"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"9c528bd088ebd45b10a849640ce050f65b928bfb37a52a6902bb0dde61191b6a"}}},"huaihe-energy":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"huaihe-energy","name":"Huaihe Energy Holding Group (Huainan Mining)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.3729,"central":0.6836,"high":0.8881,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Top-ten list: the 10th-ranked producer (Henan Energy Group) made 71.46 million tonnes in 2024"},"note":"China: estimated raw-coal output, below the 10th-ranked producer in the China National Coal Association 2024 list: 55 Mt x 0.6 power-coal share = 33.0 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 0.684% ; Range from the output bound: 30-71.46 Mt (the upper end is the 10th-ranked producer's 71.46 Mt in the China National Coal Association 2024 list, so any producer outside its top ten is at or below it). The output is a 5LayerCake estimate (central 55 Mt) because the company is not in the published top ten; power-coal share 0.6: Anhui thermal coal sold to nearby plants. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"a1e562e41eb7f3c8a21969f43369872c2ad2d3df9a23d5cb003c12f39467d520"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"a1e562e41eb7f3c8a21969f43369872c2ad2d3df9a23d5cb003c12f39467d520"}}},"henan-energy":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"henan-energy","name":"Henan Energy Group","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.6661,"central":0.6661,"high":0.6661,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China: 2024 raw-coal output (China National Coal Association): 71.46 Mt x 0.45 power-coal share = 32.16 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 0.666%. Power-coal share 0.45 is a 5LayerCake estimate: mixed thermal, coking and chemical coal. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"13b64ee6a9fe63e18fbb288114550248e9fa08a355e0addc70abbc4a5caebf4d"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"13b64ee6a9fe63e18fbb288114550248e9fa08a355e0addc70abbc4a5caebf4d"}}},"inner-mongolia-yitai":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"inner-mongolia-yitai","name":"Inner Mongolia Yitai Group","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.3418,"central":0.6266,"high":0.8141,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Top-ten list: the 10th-ranked producer (Henan Energy Group) made 71.46 million tonnes in 2024"},"note":"China: estimated raw-coal output, below the 10th-ranked producer in the China National Coal Association 2024 list: 55 Mt x 0.55 power-coal share = 30.25 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 0.627% ; Range from the output bound: 30-71.46 Mt (the upper end is the 10th-ranked producer's 71.46 Mt in the China National Coal Association 2024 list, so any producer outside its top ten is at or below it). The output is a 5LayerCake estimate (central 55 Mt) because the company is not in the published top ten; power-coal share 0.55: Ordos thermal coal with a chemicals share. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"7102f6c0783e23f3a594eb6c260a07bfa96e284f54f731661a31421f2044e708"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"7102f6c0783e23f3a594eb6c260a07bfa96e284f54f731661a31421f2044e708"}}},"comstock-resources":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"comstock-resources","name":"Comstock Resources","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.839,"central":0.839,"high":0.839,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Comstock gas (Haynesville and Western Haynesville), judged: 1.4 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 0.839%. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"8295eecfb00e97871cda9b334402901d927b01040199cad92719480c1f06661e"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"8295eecfb00e97871cda9b334402901d927b01040199cad92719480c1f06661e"}}},"devon":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"devon","name":"Devon Energy","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.devonenergy.com/","title":"Devon Energy","publisher":"Devon Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Devon Energy'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: US oil and gas producer"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.839,"central":0.839,"high":0.839,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Devon gas (Delaware, Anadarko, Eagle Ford), judged: 1.4 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 0.839%. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.devonenergy.com/","title":"Devon Energy","publisher":"Devon Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Devon Energy'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: US oil and gas producer"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"30e065de54b6a8ae6c2bcf00402183d9c1e1784ef204dd30f9268d14b83e2c8e"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"30e065de54b6a8ae6c2bcf00402183d9c1e1784ef204dd30f9268d14b83e2c8e"}}},"hilcorp":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"hilcorp","name":"Hilcorp Energy","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.hilcorp.com/","title":"Home - Hilcorp","publisher":"Hilcorp Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - Hilcorp'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: large private US oil and gas producer"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.839,"central":0.839,"high":0.839,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Hilcorp US gas (San Juan, Gulf, Alaska and others), judged: 1.4 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 0.839%. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.hilcorp.com/","title":"Home - Hilcorp","publisher":"Hilcorp Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - Hilcorp'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: large private US oil and gas producer"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.hilcorp.com/","title":"Home - Hilcorp","publisher":"Hilcorp Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - Hilcorp'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: large private US oil and gas producer"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"beb019e0aa9cfdcb8576d92955332e8380b1261b51e2d80119e0229d0a9fe7fc"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"beb019e0aa9cfdcb8576d92955332e8380b1261b51e2d80119e0229d0a9fe7fc"}}},"totalenergies":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"totalenergies","name":"TotalEnergies","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://totalenergies.com/","title":"TotalEnergies - integrated multi-energy company | TotalEnergies.com","publisher":"TotalEnergies","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'TotalEnergies - integrated multi-energy company | TotalEnergies.com'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: integrated energy major"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.655,"central":0.655,"high":0.655,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: TotalEnergies gas outside the US (Qatar, UAE, Nigeria, Norway, UK, Australia, Russian LNG equity), judged: 73 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.655%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.791,"central":0.791,"high":0.791,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://totalenergies.com/","title":"TotalEnergies - integrated multi-energy company | TotalEnergies.com","publisher":"TotalEnergies","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: equity LNG (Yamal, Ichthys, Qatar, Nigeria, Angola), about 14 Mtpa, judged: 7.3 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.791%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://totalenergies.com/","title":"TotalEnergies - integrated multi-energy company | TotalEnergies.com","publisher":"TotalEnergies","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'TotalEnergies - integrated multi-energy company | TotalEnergies.com'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: integrated energy major"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"885111d647cdc41b3fb1f7f3ed53b7acc40dcd395b10510679adf71a4888944f"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"885111d647cdc41b3fb1f7f3ed53b7acc40dcd395b10510679adf71a4888944f"}}},"bumi-resources":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"bumi-resources","name":"Bumi Resources (KPC, Arutmin)","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.5799,"central":0.5799,"high":0.5799,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"World coal market, country sections (China, India, Indonesia, Russia, steam-coal export table 2) and the EU lignite and hard-coal tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this output in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake scale judgement, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: judged output about 78 Mt: 78 Mt x 0.9 power-coal share = 70.2 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.58%. Power-coal share 0.9: thermal coal to Asian and domestic power plants. Context: EURACOAL: Indonesian coal production 790 Mt in 2025, with 254 Mt sold under the domestic market obligation. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width). Anchor: the judged 78 Mt is about 10% of Indonesia's 790 Mt in 2025 (EURACOAL)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.bumiresources.com/en","title":"PT. Bumi Resources Tbk | To be a world-class operator within the energy and mining sectors, with global operations.","publisher":"Bumi Resources (KPC, Arutmin)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'PT. Bumi Resources Tbk | To be a world-class operator within the energ'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: Bumi Resources (KPC, Arutmin), Indonesia thermal coal"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.bumiresources.com/en","title":"PT. Bumi Resources Tbk | To be a world-class operator within the energy and mining sectors, with global operations.","publisher":"Bumi Resources (KPC, Arutmin)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'PT. Bumi Resources Tbk | To be a world-class operator within the energ'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Bumi Resources (KPC, Arutmin), Indonesia thermal coal"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.bumiresources.com/en","title":"PT. Bumi Resources Tbk | To be a world-class operator within the energy and mining sectors, with global operations.","publisher":"Bumi Resources (KPC, Arutmin)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'PT. Bumi Resources Tbk | To be a world-class operator within the energ'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Bumi Resources (KPC, Arutmin), Indonesia thermal coal"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"d241cb06bd616c1e1749fbc1872a7e3b414af6262402211470bb87d711182a94"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"d241cb06bd616c1e1749fbc1872a7e3b414af6262402211470bb87d711182a94"}}},"woodside":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"woodside","name":"Woodside Energy","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.189,"central":0.189,"high":0.189,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: Woodside gas (North West Shelf, Pluto, Scarborough, Trinidad), judged at about 2.0 Bcf/d: 21 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.189%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":1.083,"central":1.083,"high":1.083,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: LNG and pipeline-gas sales, judged: 10 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 1.083%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"4c0cc204c2fb253985d69919805aace5d88a78a185e96963b53401f53df7ee1b"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"4c0cc204c2fb253985d69919805aace5d88a78a185e96963b53401f53df7ee1b"}}},"ovintiv":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"ovintiv","name":"Ovintiv","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ovintiv.com/","title":"Welcome to Ovintiv.com – Ovintiv","publisher":"Ovintiv","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Welcome to Ovintiv.com – Ovintiv'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Permian, Anadarko and Montney producer"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.802,"central":0.802,"high":0.802,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Ovintiv US gas (Anadarko, Permian), judged: 1.2 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 0.719% ; rest of world: Montney (Canada) gas, judged at about 0.9 Bcf/d: 9.3 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.083%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ovintiv.com/","title":"Welcome to Ovintiv.com – Ovintiv","publisher":"Ovintiv","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Welcome to Ovintiv.com – Ovintiv'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Permian, Anadarko and Montney producer"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ovintiv.com/","title":"Welcome to Ovintiv.com – Ovintiv","publisher":"Ovintiv","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Welcome to Ovintiv.com – Ovintiv'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Permian, Anadarko and Montney producer"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"074bbaaf8f7bfb982f03bae384d6bfbb51e35493294939151218484c6f23aca4"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"074bbaaf8f7bfb982f03bae384d6bfbb51e35493294939151218484c6f23aca4"}}},"vistra":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"vistra","name":"Vistra","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.5488,"central":0.5488,"high":0.5488,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"},"note":"US: 2024 production 8.917 million short tons (EIA Table 10): 8.09 Mt x 1.0 power-coal share = 8.09 Mt; / 339 Mt x 23% = 0.549%. Power-coal share 1.0 is a 5LayerCake estimate: captive lignite for the company's own plants.  Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Source date: Month taken from the workbook's creation metadata; the sheet shows no date. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://vistracorp.com/","title":"Home - Vistra Corp.","publisher":"Vistra","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - Vistra Corp.'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: power producer with captive lignite mines"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://vistracorp.com/","title":"Home - Vistra Corp.","publisher":"Vistra","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - Vistra Corp.'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: power producer with captive lignite mines"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://vistracorp.com/","title":"Home - Vistra Corp.","publisher":"Vistra","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - Vistra Corp.'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: power producer with captive lignite mines"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"2ec7e695aa5e12c79f83e91841370f23d56c6f19dbbabb67b00304a6e73cb724"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"2ec7e695aa5e12c79f83e91841370f23d56c6f19dbbabb67b00304a6e73cb724"}}},"kepco":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"kepco","name":"KEPCO (KEPCO Nuclear Fuel)","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"low":2.88,"central":2.88,"high":2.88,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 1 and 2: world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity, tonnes/yr"},"note":"KEPCO Nuclear Fuel. US region 0% x 60% + China region 0% x 8% + rest of world 9.0% x 32% = 2.88%. World Nuclear Association Nuclear Fuel Report 2025 capacity (rod/assembly, tHM/yr; LWR 14,912 plus PHWR 4,946 = 19,858): Westinghouse 3,000 (Columbia 1,600, Vasteras 800, Springfields 600), Framatome 3,250 (Richland 1,200, Romans 1,400, Lingen 650), GNF 1,630 (Wilmington 1,000, GNF-J 630), TVEL 2,760, CNNC 1,646 (Yibin 800, Baotou 600+246), KEPCO NF 1,300, Cameco Port Hope 1,650, BWXT 1,200, India NFC 1,048, MHI 440, NFI 534, ENUSA 500, INB 240, SNN 250, Conuar 210, Ulba-FA 200. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates: US reactors Westinghouse 38%, Framatome 30%, GNF 30%; Chinese reactors CNNC 72%; rest of world by capacity outside the US plants and CNNC. Capacity is not tonnes delivered, so the observation is flagged off-basis. Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width).","offBasis":true}},"screening":{"fuel-fabrication":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"45fdc0a5cf979eda666d3e96fdf48eebf226255460e22efe3cee755a235279d4"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"45fdc0a5cf979eda666d3e96fdf48eebf226255460e22efe3cee755a235279d4"}}},"singareni-collieries":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"singareni-collieries","name":"Singareni Collieries Company","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.5167,"central":0.5167,"high":0.5167,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"FY2024-25","periodEnd":"2025-03-31","source":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"World coal market, country sections (China, India, Indonesia, Russia, steam-coal export table 2) and the EU lignite and hard-coal tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this output in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake scale judgement, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: judged output about 69.5 Mt: 69.5 Mt x 0.9 power-coal share = 62.55 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.517%. Power-coal share 0.9: almost all goes to power utilities. Context: EURACOAL: India produced a record 1,043 Mt in 2025 and burned coal for 1,247 TWh. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width). Anchor: the judged 69.5 Mt is about 7% of India's record 1,043 Mt in 2025 (EURACOAL)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://scclmines.com/scclnew/index.asp","title":"The Singareni Collieries Company Limited (A Government Company)","publisher":"Singareni Collieries Company","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'The Singareni Collieries Company Limited (A Government Company)'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: Singareni Collieries, Telangana coal for power"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://scclmines.com/scclnew/index.asp","title":"The Singareni Collieries Company Limited (A Government Company)","publisher":"Singareni Collieries Company","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'The Singareni Collieries Company Limited (A Government Company)'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Singareni Collieries, Telangana coal for power"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://scclmines.com/scclnew/index.asp","title":"The Singareni Collieries Company Limited (A Government Company)","publisher":"Singareni Collieries Company","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'The Singareni Collieries Company Limited (A Government Company)'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Singareni Collieries, Telangana coal for power"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"68f29145c6fef6aa435a123f12101f7d988d20da39009cab5f431e67c2f31855"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"68f29145c6fef6aa435a123f12101f7d988d20da39009cab5f431e67c2f31855"}}},"turkmengaz":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"turkmengaz","name":"Turkmengaz","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.6864,"central":0.6864,"high":0.6864,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2023","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/regions_of_interest/Caspian_Sea/pdf/Caspian%20Sea%20Regional%20Analysis%20Brief%202025.pdf","title":"Regional Analysis Brief: Caspian Sea","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-02-06","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Page 11 (Turkmenistan): dry natural gas production 3.0 Tcf and consumption 1.6 Tcf in 2023; Turkmengaz operates the Galkynysh field, estimated 3.2 Bcf/d from 45 wells"},"note":"Judgement (T5) anchored on an opened national total. The U.S. Energy Information Administration's Caspian Sea brief (last updated 6 February 2025, opened 23 October 2026, page 11) says Turkmenistan's dry gas production was 3.0 Tcf in 2023, and that Turkmengaz operates the Galkynysh field (estimated 3.2 Bcf/d, about 33 bcm a year, from 45 wells). 3.0 Tcf x 28.317 bcm per Tcf = 85.0 bcm. Turkmengaz is judged at 90% of it, because the state concern runs the main fields and other operators are judged to supply the rest: 0.90 x 85.0 = 76.5 bcm (the earlier figure was 72 bcm of a judged 80 bcm). The 2023 production is used with the 2024 rest-of-world denominator below (a one-year mismatch). rest of world: 76.5 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.6864%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.0634,"central":0.0634,"high":0.0634,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2023 volume, fee judged","periodEnd":"2023-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/regions_of_interest/Caspian_Sea/pdf/Caspian%20Sea%20Regional%20Analysis%20Brief%202025.pdf","title":"Regional Analysis Brief: Caspian Sea","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-02-06","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Page 11: Turkmenistan dry gas production 3.0 Tcf and consumption 1.6 Tcf in 2023; page 21: top Caspian gas exporter at 1.5 Tcf in 2023"},"note":"Judgement (T5) anchored on an opened volume. The U.S. Energy Information Administration's Caspian Sea brief (last updated 6 February 2025, opened 23 October 2026) says Turkmenistan's dry gas production was 3.0 Tcf and consumption 1.6 Tcf in 2023, that it was the region's top gas exporter at 1.5 Tcf in 2023 (pages 11 and 21), and that Turkmengaz operates the Galkynysh field (estimated 3.2 Bcf/d). Exports of 1.5 Tcf = 1,500 Bcf x USD 0.39 per Mcf = USD 0.585 bn a year. The fee is a blended gathering and transmission fee judged, the same figure used for Equitrans in this sublayer and about half the USD 0.72 per Mcf implied for Aramco's Master Gas System (Saudi Aramco file); Turkmenistan publishes no tariff, and Turkmengaz reports no transport revenue, so this is a notional allocation, not a reported revenue. Domestic flows (1.6 Tcf) are not counted (no transport revenue is reported for them; judgement). The 2023 volume stands in for 2025, which is why the period is CY2023. rest of world: 0.585 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.0634%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"b1a84b70d4b32162997b407333a5abe89510749db898ff4ca68ea509164533bf"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"b1a84b70d4b32162997b407333a5abe89510749db898ff4ca68ea509164533bf"}}},"banpu":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"banpu","name":"Banpu (Indo Tambangraya Megah, Centennial, BKV)","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.2107,"central":0.2107,"high":0.2107,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"World coal market, country sections (China, India, Indonesia, Russia, steam-coal export table 2) and the EU lignite and hard-coal tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this output in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake scale judgement, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: judged output about 30 Mt: 30 Mt x 0.85 power-coal share = 25.5 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.211%. Power-coal share 0.85: Indonesian, Australian and Chinese thermal coal, with ITM consolidated into Banpu. Context: EURACOAL: Indonesian coal production 790 Mt in 2025, with 254 Mt sold under the domestic market obligation. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width). Anchor: Banpu's Indonesian subsidiary and its Australian and Chinese mines are judged at 30 Mt in total, about 4% of Indonesia's 790 Mt plus smaller foreign output (EURACOAL for Indonesia)."},"gas-production":{"low":0.389,"central":0.389,"high":0.389,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: BKV Corporation (controlled by Banpu and consolidated here), Barnett Shale, judged: 0.65 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 0.389%. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.banpu.com/","title":"Banpu Public Company Limited - บริษัท บ้านปู จำกัด (มหาชน)","publisher":"Banpu (Indo Tambangraya Megah, Centennial, BKV)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Banpu Public Company Limited - บริษัท บ้านปู จำกัด (มหาชน)'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Banpu (Indo Tambangraya Megah, Centennial, BKV)"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.banpu.com/","title":"Banpu Public Company Limited - บริษัท บ้านปู จำกัด (มหาชน)","publisher":"Banpu (Indo Tambangraya Megah, Centennial, BKV)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Banpu Public Company Limited - บริษัท บ้านปู จำกัด (มหาชน)'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Banpu (Indo Tambangraya Megah, Centennial, BKV)"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"bd207bbddbc7a150c27106dbdf17cae6ad372e1c5ab7b4359a66fc509d6b627b"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"bd207bbddbc7a150c27106dbdf17cae6ad372e1c5ab7b4359a66fc509d6b627b"}}},"national-fuel-gas":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"national-fuel-gas","name":"National Fuel Gas (Seneca, National Fuel pipelines)","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.nationalfuel.com/","title":"National Fuel Gas | Natural Gas Supplier/Distributor in NY and PA","publisher":"National Fuel Gas (Seneca, National Fuel pipelines)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'National Fuel Gas | Natural Gas Supplier/Distributor in NY and PA'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Appalachian producer with pipelines and storage"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.599,"central":0.599,"high":0.599,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Seneca Resources (Appalachia), judged: 1 Bcf/d / 118.5 Bcf/d x 71% = 0.599%. Plausibility check on the opened EIA regional totals: the judged Appalachian producers (EQT 6.07, Expand about 4.0, Antero 2.1, Ascent 2.1, Range 1.9, CNX 1.55, Seneca 1.0 and Coterra's Marcellus 2.0 Bcf/d, about 20.7 Bcf/d together) are 57% of the 36.6 Bcf/d EIA gives for Appalachia in 2025. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.325,"central":0.325,"high":0.325,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.nationalfuel.com/","title":"National Fuel Gas | Natural Gas Supplier/Distributor in NY and PA","publisher":"National Fuel Gas (Seneca, National Fuel pipelines)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: pipeline and storage plus gathering revenue, judged: 0.55 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 0.325%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.nationalfuel.com/","title":"National Fuel Gas | Natural Gas Supplier/Distributor in NY and PA","publisher":"National Fuel Gas (Seneca, National Fuel pipelines)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'National Fuel Gas | Natural Gas Supplier/Distributor in NY and PA'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Appalachian producer with pipelines and storage"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"59b54e55f85353f48390b5488d12a142beb56d4ad082cb6e004ad0e3ac7a8600"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"59b54e55f85353f48390b5488d12a142beb56d4ad082cb6e004ad0e3ac7a8600"}}},"equinor":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"equinor","name":"Equinor","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.equinor.com/","title":"Equinor (company page)","publisher":"Equinor","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Equinor'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Norwegian oil and gas company"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.628,"central":0.628,"high":0.628,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: Equinor equity gas, judged, mostly Norway (113 bcm): 70 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.628%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.108,"central":0.108,"high":0.108,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.equinor.com/","title":"Equinor (company page)","publisher":"Equinor","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: Hammerfest LNG and pipeline stakes, judged: 1 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.108%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.equinor.com/","title":"Equinor (company page)","publisher":"Equinor","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Equinor'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Norwegian oil and gas company"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"c6f42f1ae195f0678580841b25e466d339f53258353adaed0af065906ce20715"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"c6f42f1ae195f0678580841b25e466d339f53258353adaed0af065906ce20715"}}},"adaro-andalan":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"adaro-andalan","name":"Adaro Andalan Indonesia","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.4564,"central":0.4564,"high":0.4564,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"World coal market, country sections (China, India, Indonesia, Russia, steam-coal export table 2) and the EU lignite and hard-coal tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this output in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake scale judgement, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: judged output about 65 Mt: 65 Mt x 0.85 power-coal share = 55.25 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.456%. Power-coal share 0.85: thermal coal to power plants. Context: EURACOAL: Indonesian coal production 790 Mt in 2025, with 254 Mt sold under the domestic market obligation. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width). Anchor: the judged 65 Mt is about 8% of Indonesia's 790 Mt in 2025 (EURACOAL)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The report covers coal and lignite producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The report covers coal and lignite producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"ef8f65df828be5059b17c66a7c6e021fa5f9a81e19a769600c7c7cb41ede057b"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"ef8f65df828be5059b17c66a7c6e021fa5f9a81e19a769600c7c7cb41ede057b"}}},"shanxi-coking-coal":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"shanxi-coking-coal","name":"Shanxi Coking Coal Group","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.4528,"central":0.4528,"high":0.4528,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Second paragraph: 2024 raw-coal output of the top ten producers; NBS total 4.76 billion tonnes"},"note":"China: 2024 raw-coal output (China National Coal Association): 182.18 Mt x 0.12 power-coal share = 21.86 Mt; / 2,800 Mt x 58% = 0.453%. Power-coal share 0.12 is a 5LayerCake estimate: mostly coking coal for steel; only a small power-coal share. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.cngeo.com/news/1785.html","title":"China National Coal Association: Top 10 Companies by Raw Coal Production in 2024 Announced","publisher":"Zhejiang CNGEO Appraisal & Consultation Co., Ltd. (reposting China National Coal Association statistics)","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers the ten largest Chinese coal producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"1236cebdd52fbfc8533b998f78506a84e69c0a89667ac5aed964d5e410a73e0b"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"1236cebdd52fbfc8533b998f78506a84e69c0a89667ac5aed964d5e410a73e0b"}}},"boardwalk":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"boardwalk","name":"Boardwalk Pipelines (Loews)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://bwpipelines.com/","title":"Boardwalk | Powering Possibility","publisher":"Boardwalk Pipelines (Loews)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Boardwalk | Powering Possibility'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: US interstate gas pipelines (Loews)"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-transport":{"low":1.006,"central":1.006,"high":1.006,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://bwpipelines.com/","title":"Boardwalk | Powering Possibility","publisher":"Boardwalk Pipelines (Loews)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Boardwalk interstate pipelines revenue, judged: 1.7 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 1.006%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://bwpipelines.com/","title":"Boardwalk | Powering Possibility","publisher":"Boardwalk Pipelines (Loews)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Boardwalk | Powering Possibility'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: US interstate gas pipelines (Loews)"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"978d90fe7cc157826582a18799132a3d26cb79d9c221e1f103f89c826560e049"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"978d90fe7cc157826582a18799132a3d26cb79d9c221e1f103f89c826560e049"}}},"bwxt":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"bwxt","name":"BWX Technologies (BWXT Nuclear Energy Canada)","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.bwxt.com/","title":"BWXT | People Strong. Innovation Driven. - | People Strong. Innovation Driven.","publisher":"BWX Technologies (BWXT Nuclear Energy Canada)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'BWXT | People Strong. Innovation Driven. - | People Strong. Innovation'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: BWXT, CANDU fuel in Canada"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.bwxt.com/","title":"BWXT | People Strong. Innovation Driven. - | People Strong. Innovation Driven.","publisher":"BWX Technologies (BWXT Nuclear Energy Canada)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'BWXT | People Strong. Innovation Driven. - | People Strong. Innovation'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: BWXT, CANDU fuel in Canada"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.bwxt.com/","title":"BWXT | People Strong. Innovation Driven. - | People Strong. Innovation Driven.","publisher":"BWX Technologies (BWXT Nuclear Energy Canada)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'BWXT | People Strong. Innovation Driven. - | People Strong. Innovation'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: BWXT, CANDU fuel in Canada"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.bwxt.com/","title":"BWXT | People Strong. Innovation Driven. - | People Strong. Innovation Driven.","publisher":"BWX Technologies (BWXT Nuclear Energy Canada)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'BWXT | People Strong. Innovation Driven. - | People Strong. Innovation'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: BWXT, CANDU fuel in Canada"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"low":2.656,"central":2.656,"high":2.656,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 1 and 2: world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity, tonnes/yr"},"note":"BWXT Nuclear Energy Canada (CANDU). US region 0% x 60% + China region 0% x 8% + rest of world 8.3% x 32% = 2.66%. World Nuclear Association Nuclear Fuel Report 2025 capacity (rod/assembly, tHM/yr; LWR 14,912 plus PHWR 4,946 = 19,858): Westinghouse 3,000 (Columbia 1,600, Vasteras 800, Springfields 600), Framatome 3,250 (Richland 1,200, Romans 1,400, Lingen 650), GNF 1,630 (Wilmington 1,000, GNF-J 630), TVEL 2,760, CNNC 1,646 (Yibin 800, Baotou 600+246), KEPCO NF 1,300, Cameco Port Hope 1,650, BWXT 1,200, India NFC 1,048, MHI 440, NFI 534, ENUSA 500, INB 240, SNN 250, Conuar 210, Ulba-FA 200. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates: US reactors Westinghouse 38%, Framatome 30%, GNF 30%; Chinese reactors CNNC 72%; rest of world by capacity outside the US plants and CNNC. Capacity is not tonnes delivered, so the observation is flagged off-basis. Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width).","offBasis":true}},"screening":{"fuel-fabrication":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"b8cf6448b7d4594249abae534d7ee1c80ef1960f92320ea0d908e091b625eb16"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"b8cf6448b7d4594249abae534d7ee1c80ef1960f92320ea0d908e091b625eb16"}}},"bayan-resources":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"bayan-resources","name":"Bayan Resources","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.4238,"central":0.4238,"high":0.4238,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"World coal market, country sections (China, India, Indonesia, Russia, steam-coal export table 2) and the EU lignite and hard-coal tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this output in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake scale judgement, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: judged output about 57 Mt: 57 Mt x 0.9 power-coal share = 51.3 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.424%. Power-coal share 0.9: thermal coal. Context: EURACOAL: Indonesian coal production 790 Mt in 2025, with 254 Mt sold under the domestic market obligation. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width). Anchor: the judged 57 Mt is about 7% of Indonesia's 790 Mt in 2025 (EURACOAL)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The report covers coal and lignite producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The report covers coal and lignite producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"5fbd25fe3c6f3ff40108b8499a9414907260ed0d0f6412371ec412bee041fec7"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"5fbd25fe3c6f3ff40108b8499a9414907260ed0d0f6412371ec412bee041fec7"}}},"westmoreland-mining":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"westmoreland-mining","name":"Westmoreland Mining Holdings","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.4224,"central":0.4224,"high":0.4224,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"},"note":"US: 2024 production 6.862 million short tons (EIA Table 10): 6.23 Mt x 1.0 power-coal share = 6.23 Mt; / 339 Mt x 23% = 0.422%. Power-coal share 1.0 is a 5LayerCake estimate: mine-mouth thermal coal.  Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Source date: Month taken from the workbook's creation metadata; the sheet shows no date. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T1","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers US coal producers above 5 million short tons; the company is not a coal producer in it"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T1","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers US coal producers above 5 million short tons; the company is not a coal producer in it"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"e2e3622c6d136ab9f6543d78a485f11203971b105a2ec4ffcc0a3a7ecec3c90d"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"e2e3622c6d136ab9f6543d78a485f11203971b105a2ec4ffcc0a3a7ecec3c90d"}}},"prairie-state":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"prairie-state","name":"Prairie State Generating Company (Lively Grove mine)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.4197,"central":0.4197,"high":0.4197,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"},"note":"US: 2024 production 6.818 million short tons (EIA Table 10): 6.19 Mt x 1.0 power-coal share = 6.19 Mt; / 339 Mt x 23% = 0.42%. Power-coal share 1.0 is a 5LayerCake estimate: captive mine-mouth supply.  Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Source date: Month taken from the workbook's creation metadata; the sheet shows no date. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://prairiestateenergycampus.com/","title":"Homepage - Prairie State Energy Campus","publisher":"Prairie State Generating Company (Lively Grove mine)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Homepage - Prairie State Energy Campus'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: Lively Grove mine feeding the Prairie State power plant"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://prairiestateenergycampus.com/","title":"Homepage - Prairie State Energy Campus","publisher":"Prairie State Generating Company (Lively Grove mine)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Homepage - Prairie State Energy Campus'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Lively Grove mine feeding the Prairie State power plant"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://prairiestateenergycampus.com/","title":"Homepage - Prairie State Energy Campus","publisher":"Prairie State Generating Company (Lively Grove mine)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Homepage - Prairie State Energy Campus'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Lively Grove mine feeding the Prairie State power plant"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"53e50fe9112ed5bfa2c3a84f010612707513a188f34aef8fda39d3e0448d3a53"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"53e50fe9112ed5bfa2c3a84f010612707513a188f34aef8fda39d3e0448d3a53"}}},"rosneft":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"rosneft","name":"Rosneft","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.593,"central":0.593,"high":0.593,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: Rosneft gas, judged at about 10% of Russia's 649 bcm: 66 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.593%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"318aebf8a8ecb9def77530b3c9da43dba52135daed6d5538cbfc2213532c4b22"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"318aebf8a8ecb9def77530b3c9da43dba52135daed6d5538cbfc2213532c4b22"}}},"kiewit":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"kiewit","name":"Peter Kiewit Sons' (Kiewit Mining)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.4157,"central":0.4157,"high":0.4157,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"},"note":"US: 2024 production 6.753 million short tons (EIA Table 10): 6.13 Mt x 1.0 power-coal share = 6.13 Mt; / 339 Mt x 23% = 0.416%. Power-coal share 1.0 is a 5LayerCake estimate: thermal coal.  Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Source date: Month taken from the workbook's creation metadata; the sheet shows no date. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T1","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers US coal producers above 5 million short tons; the company is not a coal producer in it"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T1","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers US coal producers above 5 million short tons; the company is not a coal producer in it"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.kiewit.com/","title":"Home - Kiewit Corporation","publisher":"Peter Kiewit Sons' (Kiewit Mining)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - Kiewit Corporation'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Kiewit Mining, contract and owned US coal mines"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"8e4f28f0d348dafa779ad25be478e30a4795e4752cec6aef503bfe383c7f3a2e"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"8e4f28f0d348dafa779ad25be478e30a4795e4752cec6aef503bfe383c7f3a2e"}}},"adnoc":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"adnoc","name":"ADNOC (ADNOC Gas)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.adnoc.ae/","title":"Maximum Energy Minimum Emissions - ADNOC","publisher":"ADNOC (ADNOC Gas)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Maximum Energy Minimum Emissions - ADNOC'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Abu Dhabi state company"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.494,"central":0.494,"high":0.494,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: ADNOC equity gas, judged at 55 bcm of the UAE's 61 bcm: 55 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.494%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.379,"central":0.379,"high":0.379,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.adnoc.ae/","title":"Maximum Energy Minimum Emissions - ADNOC","publisher":"ADNOC (ADNOC Gas)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: Das Island LNG and gas pipelines revenue, judged: 3.5 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.379%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.adnoc.ae/","title":"Maximum Energy Minimum Emissions - ADNOC","publisher":"ADNOC (ADNOC Gas)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Maximum Energy Minimum Emissions - ADNOC'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Abu Dhabi state company"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"8ec2ec47e439686c022981f82b1fb9d111cf645c65049bf36dda1db437ff5f05"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"8ec2ec47e439686c022981f82b1fb9d111cf645c65049bf36dda1db437ff5f05"}}},"global-mining-group":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"global-mining-group","name":"Global Mining Group","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.3915,"central":0.3915,"high":0.3915,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Table 10 (major U.S. coal producers, 2024), row of the controlling company; percentages of the 512,540 thousand short ton US total"},"note":"US: 2024 production 7.068 million short tons (EIA Table 10): 6.41 Mt x 0.9 power-coal share = 5.77 Mt; / 339 Mt x 23% = 0.392%. Power-coal share 0.9 is a 5LayerCake estimate: thermal coal.  Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Source date: Month taken from the workbook's creation metadata; the sheet shows no date. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T1","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers US coal producers above 5 million short tons; the company is not a coal producer in it"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/xls/table10.xlsx","title":"Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2024 (Annual Coal Report 2024)","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","publishedDate":"2025-11","tier":"T1","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The list covers US coal producers above 5 million short tons; the company is not a coal producer in it"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"05fc2da1589f77d4b780810c5b3d9ff8f015577f84982af8d4130777006b6e09"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"05fc2da1589f77d4b780810c5b3d9ff8f015577f84982af8d4130777006b6e09"}}},"rwe":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"rwe","name":"RWE (Rhenish lignite)","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.38,"central":0.38,"high":0.38,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"World coal market, country sections (China, India, Indonesia, Russia, steam-coal export table 2) and the EU lignite and hard-coal tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this output in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake scale judgement, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: judged output about 46 Mt: 46 Mt x 1.0 power-coal share = 46.0 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.38%. Power-coal share 1.0: RWE mines about 55% of Germany's 84.4 Mt, all burned in its plants. Context: EURACOAL: EU lignite production 185.0 Mt in 2025; Germany 84.4 Mt; Czechia 24.3 Mt; Poland 37.7 Mt; Greece 5.3 Mt. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width). Anchor: 46 Mt is about 55% of Germany's 84.4 Mt of lignite in 2025 (EURACOAL, opened), a judged share."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.rwe.com/en/the-group/rwest/energised-land-energy-for-data-centres/","title":"‘energised Land’ – Energy for Data Centres","publisher":"RWE (Rhenish lignite)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title '‘energised Land’ – Energy for Data Centres'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: RWE, Rhenish lignite mines feeding its German plants"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.rwe.com/en/the-group/rwest/energised-land-energy-for-data-centres/","title":"‘energised Land’ – Energy for Data Centres","publisher":"RWE (Rhenish lignite)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title '‘energised Land’ – Energy for Data Centres'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: RWE, Rhenish lignite mines feeding its German plants"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.rwe.com/en/the-group/rwest/energised-land-energy-for-data-centres/","title":"‘energised Land’ – Energy for Data Centres","publisher":"RWE (Rhenish lignite)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title '‘energised Land’ – Energy for Data Centres'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: RWE, Rhenish lignite mines feeding its German plants"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"8820dfb194cad1e6dd3a97e680ab1229593c4669a102cbb8c68baf34bb051217"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"8820dfb194cad1e6dd3a97e680ab1229593c4669a102cbb8c68baf34bb051217"}}},"eni":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"eni","name":"Eni","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eni.com/en-IT/home.html","title":"Eni, an integrated energy company","publisher":"Eni","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Eni, an integrated energy company'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Italian integrated energy company"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.476,"central":0.476,"high":0.476,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: Eni gas outside the US (Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Indonesia, Italy, Mozambique), judged: 53 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.476%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.271,"central":0.271,"high":0.271,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eni.com/en-IT/home.html","title":"Eni, an integrated energy company","publisher":"Eni","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: equity LNG (Nigeria, Egypt, Mozambique, Congo) and Transmed and Greenstream pipelines, judged: 2.5 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.271%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eni.com/en-IT/home.html","title":"Eni, an integrated energy company","publisher":"Eni","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Eni, an integrated energy company'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Italian integrated energy company"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"94cafa20574249fd106eee87b8f037a3b6bbe31115f94f1cb48dd8a38d86dd91"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"94cafa20574249fd106eee87b8f037a3b6bbe31115f94f1cb48dd8a38d86dd91"}}},"paladin-energy":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"paladin-energy","name":"Paladin Energy","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.paladinenergy.com/","title":"Paladin Energy | Trusted Global Uranium Producer","publisher":"Paladin Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Paladin Energy | Trusted Global Uranium Producer'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Langer Heinrich uranium mine"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.paladinenergy.com/","title":"Paladin Energy | Trusted Global Uranium Producer","publisher":"Paladin Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Paladin Energy | Trusted Global Uranium Producer'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Langer Heinrich uranium mine"}},"uranium-mining":{"low":1.388,"central":1.388,"high":1.388,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://announcements.asx.com.au/asxpdf/20250122/pdf/06dqsdxj8f09wt.pdf","title":"Quarterly Activities Report for the period ending 31 December 2024","publisher":"Paladin Energy","publishedDate":"2025-01-22","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"LHM Summary (100%): U3O8 produced 638,409 lb (Q2 FY2025) and 639,679 lb (Q1 FY2025)"},"note":"Judgement (T5) anchored on the company's own quarterly reports (opened 23 October 2026). The Langer Heinrich Mine (LHM; 100% basis, Paladin holds 75%) produced 0.52 Mlb U3O8 in the June 2024 quarter and 639,679 lb in the September 2024 quarter (Paladin's quarterly report of 28 October 2024, https://announcements.asx.com.au/asxpdf/20241028/pdf/069mmnxzdsm0tr.pdf: '0.64Mlb U3O8 produced during the quarter (prior quarter 0.52Mlb U3O8)'), and 638,409 lb in the December 2024 quarter (report of 22 January 2025, the source above). Commercial production restarted in March 2024 (same report); no January to March 2024 figure was opened and it is taken as nil. CY2024: 0.52 + 0.639679 + 0.638409 = 1.798 Mlb x 0.3846 kgU per lb = 691.5 tU. This matches the World Nuclear Association residual for Namibia (https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production, opened 23 October 2026): 7,333 tU in 2024 less Husab 4,437 and Rossing 2,205 = 691 tU. It replaces the earlier judgement of about 900 tU, which was 30% too high. WNA credits each mine to its controlling company, which this file follows; on a 75% equity basis Paladin would be 518 tU, inside the T5 band. US region: Namibia-origin purchases were 1,652 of 46,871 thousand lb = 3.5% of the US region in 2025 (EIA Uranium Marketing Annual Report 2025, Table 3, https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/table3.php); Paladin is judged at about half of them, 1.7% (its December 2024 report says its sales went to conversion facilities in the US and Europe; the rest is judged to come from Husab and Rossing). Rest of world: 691.5 / 60,213 tU (WNA 2024 world total) = 1.15%. US region 1.7% x 60% + China region 0% x 8% + rest of world 1.15% x 32% = 1.388%. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"uranium-mining":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"74645f2e9c092b25b225eb2e4bc0dee8abc9774cafdfa550b778ccdde6f93158"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"74645f2e9c092b25b225eb2e4bc0dee8abc9774cafdfa550b778ccdde6f93158"}}},"sinopec":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"sinopec","name":"Sinopec Group","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.493,"central":0.493,"high":0.493,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. China: Sinopec China gas (Puguang, Fuling shale gas), judged at about 16% of China's 240 bcm: 38 bcm / 240 bcm x 3% = 0.475% ; rest of world: overseas gas, judged: 2 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.018%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.129,"central":0.129,"high":0.129,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. China: LNG terminals in China, judged: 1.5 USD bn / 35 USD bn pool x 3% = 0.129%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"ab75210c9915597830cbd806bfd1a95ffe45d0e76bac102690fcbc5feda29083"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"ab75210c9915597830cbd806bfd1a95ffe45d0e76bac102690fcbc5feda29083"}}},"cnooc":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cnooc","name":"CNOOC","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.408,"central":0.408,"high":0.408,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. China: CNOOC China offshore gas, judged at about 10% of China's 240 bcm: 24 bcm / 240 bcm x 3% = 0.300% ; rest of world: overseas gas (Indonesia, Australia, Nigeria, Brazil, Guyana, UK), judged: 12 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.108%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.171,"central":0.171,"high":0.171,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.cnoocltd.com/","title":"中国海洋石油有限公司","publisher":"CNOOC","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. China: LNG terminals and trunk lines in China, judged: 2 USD bn / 35 USD bn pool x 3% = 0.171%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"a29bd58cb2b599d6e349d33d9cc404b46ae990930a7b20160745e0524fb9c789"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"a29bd58cb2b599d6e349d33d9cc404b46ae990930a7b20160745e0524fb9c789"}}},"pge-polska":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"pge-polska","name":"PGE Polska Grupa Energetyczna","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.2957,"central":0.2957,"high":0.2957,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"World coal market, country sections (China, India, Indonesia, Russia, steam-coal export table 2) and the EU lignite and hard-coal tables"},"note":"rest of world: 2025 lignite output, Belchatow 28.8 Mt plus Turow 7.0 Mt (EURACOAL): 35.8 Mt x 1.0 power-coal share = 35.8 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.296%. Power-coal share 1.0: Belchatow 28.8 Mt plus Turow 7.0 Mt. Context: EURACOAL: EU lignite production 185.0 Mt in 2025; Germany 84.4 Mt; Czechia 24.3 Mt; Poland 37.7 Mt; Greece 5.3 Mt. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The report covers coal and lignite producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The report covers coal and lignite producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"3b2599fce305600a2004f34721e40965e0b322280354d0bd6a2e43c5fb2492a7"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"3b2599fce305600a2004f34721e40965e0b322280354d0bd6a2e43c5fb2492a7"}}},"energy-fuels":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"energy-fuels","name":"Energy Fuels","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.energyfuels.com/","title":"Energy Fuels - Uranium, Rare Earths & Critical Minerals","publisher":"Energy Fuels","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Energy Fuels - Uranium, Rare Earths & Critical Minerals'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: US uranium and rare-earth producer"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.energyfuels.com/","title":"Energy Fuels - Uranium, Rare Earths & Critical Minerals","publisher":"Energy Fuels","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Energy Fuels - Uranium, Rare Earths & Critical Minerals'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: US uranium and rare-earth producer"}},"uranium-mining":{"low":1.042,"central":1.042,"high":1.042,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://investors.energyfuels.com/2026-02-26-Energy-Fuels-Announces-2025-Results-and-2026-Guidance","title":"Energy Fuels Announces 2025 Results and 2026 Guidance","publisher":"Energy Fuels","publishedDate":"2026-02-26","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"2025 uranium: finished U3O8 produced 1,015,000 lb; U3O8 sold 650,000 lb (350,000 lb spot, 300,000 lb long-term contracts)"},"note":"Judgement (T5) anchored on the company's own 2025 results release (26 February 2026, opened 23 October 2026), on the same method as Ur-Energy in this sublayer. US region: Energy Fuels' own sales over the regional total. It sold 650,000 lb U3O8 in 2025 (350,000 lb spot, 300,000 lb long-term contracts) against 46,871 thousand lb purchased by US reactor owners (EIA Uranium Marketing Annual Report 2025, Table 3, https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/table3.php): 650 / 46,871 = 1.39%. The release does not name the buyers, so all sales are assumed to go to US reactor owners, which may overstate the term. Rest of world: 2025 finished production 1,015,000 lb x 0.3846 kgU per lb = 390.4 tU; / 60,213 tU (World Nuclear Association 2024 world total, the latest opened, https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production, page updated 23 October 2026) = 0.65% (the 2025 world total is higher, so this slightly overstates). US region 1.39% x 60% + China region 0% x 8% + rest of world 0.65% x 32% = 1.042%. 2024 cross-check on the same method (release of 27 February 2025, https://investors.energyfuels.com/2025-02-27-Energy-Fuels-Announces-2024-Results,-Including-Active-U-S-Uranium-Mining,-Uranium-and-Mineral-Sand-Sales,-Commercial-U-S-Rare-Earth-Production,-and-Strong-Balance-Sheet): 450,000 lb sold = 0.96% and 158,000 lb produced = 60.8 tU = 0.10% of the 2024 world total, giving 0.608%. US total consistency: EIA's 2025 Domestic Uranium Production Report (https://www.eia.gov/uranium/production/annual/, released 23 June 2026) gives about 2.1 million lb U3O8 produced in the US in 2025; Energy Fuels' 1,015,000 lb is 48% of it and, with Ur-Energy's 410,440 lb drummed (its 2025 release), 1.43 million lb, 68%. The earlier judgement of about 400 tU a year in 2024 is withdrawn: the opened 2024 figure is 158,000 lb (60.8 tU) against a US total of 260 tU in the World Nuclear Association table. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"uranium-mining":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"3055ca9ca1ea3e35798a1fdd48f8443938134dbb73bb6dd42dfe6f9d44016bd3"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"3055ca9ca1ea3e35798a1fdd48f8443938134dbb73bb6dd42dfe6f9d44016bd3"}}},"nnpc":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"nnpc","name":"NNPC","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://nnpcgroup.com/","title":"NNPC LTD | Home","publisher":"NNPC","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'NNPC LTD | Home'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Nigerian national oil company"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.224,"central":0.224,"high":0.224,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: NNPC equity gas, judged at 25 bcm of Nigeria's 46 bcm: 25 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.224%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.542,"central":0.542,"high":0.542,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://nnpcgroup.com/","title":"NNPC LTD | Home","publisher":"NNPC","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: NNPC's 49% of Nigeria LNG revenue, judged: 5 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.542%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://nnpcgroup.com/","title":"NNPC LTD | Home","publisher":"NNPC","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'NNPC LTD | Home'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Nigerian national oil company"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"8b57e2c92801306d05aeba971be515e67b7acf7b2e57a91a5387f389439a7e98"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"8b57e2c92801306d05aeba971be515e67b7acf7b2e57a91a5387f389439a7e98"}}},"eps-serbia":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"eps-serbia","name":"Elektroprivreda Srbije","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.2411,"central":0.2411,"high":0.2411,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eps.rs/eng/Documents/technicalreports/TEH_Godisnjak2024_web_en_.pdf","title":"Electric Power Industry of Serbia, Technical Report 2024","publisher":"Elektroprivreda Srbije","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"Page 3 ('EPS 2024'): coal production 30,722,824 t, overburden removal 103,735,286 bcm, electricity generation 31,861 GWh; page 5: thermal power plants 21,274 GWh"},"note":"Judgement (T5) anchored on EPS's own 2024 technical report (opened 23 October 2026; the report shows its year, 2024, and no publication date): coal production 30,722,824 t in 2024 (page 3), from its Kolubara and Drmno coal mines (lignite, per EURACOAL). Power-coal share 0.95 is a 5LayerCake judgement: its six thermal power plants generated 21,274 GWh of EPS's 31,861 GWh (page 5), so most of the coal is burned in EPS's own plants, and a 5-point allowance is made for coal sold for heating and industry (no figure opened); at 1.0 the share would be 0.254%. Context: EURACOAL's Serbia profile (https://euracoal.eu/info/country-profiles/serbia-8/, opened 23 October 2026, undated) gives 34.6 Mt extracted by EPS in 2022, so 30.7 Mt in 2024 is 11% lower. rest of world: 30.723 Mt x 0.95 power-coal share = 29.187 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.2411%. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The report covers coal and lignite producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The report covers coal and lignite producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"51300587d02994184b691b3b64e1c0ff8c0075d0945e5bb6ba643194b821946e"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"51300587d02994184b691b3b64e1c0ff8c0075d0945e5bb6ba643194b821946e"}}},"leag":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"leag","name":"LEAG (Lausitz Energie)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.2396,"central":0.2396,"high":0.2396,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"World coal market, country sections (China, India, Indonesia, Russia, steam-coal export table 2) and the EU lignite and hard-coal tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this output in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake scale judgement, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: judged output about 29 Mt: 29 Mt x 1.0 power-coal share = 29.0 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.24%. Power-coal share 1.0: about 35% of Germany's 84.4 Mt, all burned in its plants. Context: EURACOAL: EU lignite production 185.0 Mt in 2025; Germany 84.4 Mt; Czechia 24.3 Mt; Poland 37.7 Mt; Greece 5.3 Mt. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width). Anchor: 29 Mt is about 35% of Germany's 84.4 Mt of lignite in 2025 (EURACOAL, opened), a judged share."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.leag.de/en/","title":"LEAG – Energy solutions from Lusatia | LEAG.de | LEAG","publisher":"LEAG (Lausitz Energie)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'LEAG – Energy solutions from Lusatia | LEAG.de | LEAG'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: LEAG, Lusatian lignite for its own plants"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.leag.de/en/","title":"LEAG – Energy solutions from Lusatia | LEAG.de | LEAG","publisher":"LEAG (Lausitz Energie)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'LEAG – Energy solutions from Lusatia | LEAG.de | LEAG'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: LEAG, Lusatian lignite for its own plants"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.leag.de/en/","title":"LEAG – Energy solutions from Lusatia | LEAG.de | LEAG","publisher":"LEAG (Lausitz Energie)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'LEAG – Energy solutions from Lusatia | LEAG.de | LEAG'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: LEAG, Lusatian lignite for its own plants"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"3654e5949ba097c5733fa98df38beae5dba83a5ca940658c4792db4166f32fbb"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"3654e5949ba097c5733fa98df38beae5dba83a5ca940658c4792db4166f32fbb"}}},"nlc-india":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"nlc-india","name":"NLC India","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"low":0.223,"central":0.223,"high":0.223,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"FY2024-25","periodEnd":"2025-03-31","source":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"World coal market, country sections (China, India, Indonesia, Russia, steam-coal export table 2) and the EU lignite and hard-coal tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this output in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake scale judgement, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: judged output about 30 Mt: 30 Mt x 0.9 power-coal share = 27.0 Mt; / 2,300 Mt x 19% = 0.223%. Power-coal share 0.9: lignite for its own power plants and some sales. Context: EURACOAL: India produced a record 1,043 Mt in 2025 and burned coal for 1,247 TWh. Denominators (Mt of coal supplied to power plants, 5LayerCake estimates): China 2,800 (EURACOAL: coal-fired generation 5,775 TWh in 2025, about 2.5 Gt burned at roughly 39.5% efficiency and 20.9 GJ/t, plus about 0.3 Gt for heat); US 339 (EIA: electric-power coal 373.3 million short tons in 2024); rest of world 2,300 (India about 0.95 Gt from 1,278 TWh at 0.74 kg/kWh, plus about 1.2-1.35 Gt elsewhere). Regional weights 58/23/19% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width). Anchor: the judged 30 Mt is about 3% of India's record 1,043 Mt in 2025 (EURACOAL)."},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The report covers coal and lignite producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","title":"EURACOAL Market Report 2026 no. 1","publisher":"EURACOAL (European Association for Coal and Lignite)","publishedDate":"2026-05","tier":"T3","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The report covers coal and lignite producers; the company is not named for this part"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"coal":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"2f317f93554b0c1e835050718cd184eb6edddc762612107c5e32d223085e6888"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"2f317f93554b0c1e835050718cd184eb6edddc762612107c5e32d223085e6888"}}},"ur-energy":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"ur-energy","name":"Ur-Energy","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ur-energy.com/","title":"Ur-Energy Inc. (URG)","publisher":"Ur-Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Ur-Energy Inc. (URG)'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Lost Creek uranium producer"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ur-energy.com/","title":"Ur-Energy Inc. (URG)","publisher":"Ur-Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Ur-Energy Inc. (URG)'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: Lost Creek uranium producer"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ur-energy.com/","title":"Ur-Energy Inc. (URG)","publisher":"Ur-Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Ur-Energy Inc. (URG)'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: Lost Creek uranium producer"}},"uranium-mining":{"low":0.647,"central":0.647,"high":0.647,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.ur-energy.com/news-media/press-releases/detail/399/","title":"Ur-Energy Reports Year-End 2025 Results and Announces Conference Call and Webcast","publisher":"Ur-Energy","publishedDate":"2026-03-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-23","tier":"T5","locator":"2025 full-year table: U3O8 drummed 410,440 lb; total sold 440,000 lb (330,000 lb produced, 110,000 lb non-produced)"},"note":"Judgement (T5) anchored on the company's own 2025 and 2024 year-end releases (opened 23 October 2026). US region: Ur-Energy's own sales over the regional total. The 2025 release (10 March 2026) gives total sales of 440,000 lb U3O8 in 2025 (330,000 lb produced and 110,000 lb non-produced), against 570,000 lb in 2024 (release of 11 April 2025, https://www.ur-energy.com/news-media/press-releases/detail/378/). The 2025 regional total is 46,871 thousand lb of uranium purchased by US reactor owners (EIA Uranium Marketing Annual Report 2025, Table 3, https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/table3.php): 440 / 46,871 = 0.94%. The releases do not name customers, so all sales are assumed to go to US reactor owners, which overstates the term if any went elsewhere; counting only the 330,000 lb produced would give 0.70% and a total of 0.503%. Rest of world: 2025 drummed production 410,440 lb x 0.3846 kgU per lb = 157.9 tU; / 60,213 tU (World Nuclear Association 2024 world total, the latest opened, https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production, page updated 23 October 2026) = 0.26% (the 2025 world total is higher, so this slightly overstates). US region 0.94% x 60% + China region 0% x 8% + rest of world 0.26% x 32% = 0.647%. 2024 cross-check on the same method: 570 / 46,871 = 1.22% in the US region and 95.9 tU drummed (249,209 lb) = 0.16% of the 2024 world total, giving 0.783%. US total consistency: EIA's 2025 Domestic Uranium Production Report (https://www.eia.gov/uranium/production/annual/, released 23 June 2026) gives about 2.1 million lb U3O8 produced in the US in 2025; Ur-Energy's 410,440 lb plus Energy Fuels' 1,015,000 lb (its 2025 release; Energy Fuels file in this sublayer) are 1.43 million lb, 68% of it. The earlier judgement of 150 to 190 tU is withdrawn. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"uranium-mining":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"8af02114009214a32ea5cfa29272f7428cb4a0adc17ae66f1155ba9b5d12e240"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"8af02114009214a32ea5cfa29272f7428cb4a0adc17ae66f1155ba9b5d12e240"}}},"inpex":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"inpex","name":"INPEX","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.inpex.com/english/","title":"INPEX CORPORATION","publisher":"INPEX","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'INPEX CORPORATION'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: Japanese upstream company, Ichthys LNG operator"}},"gas-production":{"low":0.081,"central":0.081,"high":0.081,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 (historical marketed natural gas production by country, 2024) and the LNG plant and pipeline owner tables"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this volume in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: INPEX gas (66% of Ichthys plus Japan), judged: 9 bcm / 2896 bcm x 26% = 0.081%. GECF 2024 marketed production (bcm): Russia 649, Iran 276, Qatar 170, Saudi Arabia 103, Algeria 104, Norway 113, Australia 172, Malaysia 74, Indonesia 71, UAE 61, Oman 43, Uzbekistan 42, Nigeria 46, Egypt 49, Canada 194, Mexico 36, India 32, Brazil 23, China 228, US 1,063, world 4,187. Denominators: US marketed natural gas production 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025, up 5.3 Bcf/d from 113.2 in 2024 (EIA Today in Energy, 13 March 2026, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345); rest of world 2,896 bcm (GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025, Tables 3.2.3 and 3.2.5: world marketed production 4,187 bcm in 2024 less US 1,063 and China 228); China 240 bcm (GECF 228 bcm for 2024, grown about 5% as a 5LayerCake judgement). Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"gas-transport":{"low":0.65,"central":0.65,"high":0.65,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.inpex.com/english/","title":"INPEX CORPORATION","publisher":"INPEX","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Company page describing the business"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. rest of world: Ichthys LNG revenue (66.2%), judged: 6 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.650%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.inpex.com/english/","title":"INPEX CORPORATION","publisher":"INPEX","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'INPEX CORPORATION'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of uranium mining; this pass describes the company as: Japanese upstream company, Ichthys LNG operator"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-production":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"fa7d0ec9a9928b9b4a2f5fe8b1c2aa37ece9d24533f0ee3a249db000767938ba"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"fa7d0ec9a9928b9b4a2f5fe8b1c2aa37ece9d24533f0ee3a249db000767938ba"}}},"nuclear-fuel-industries":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"nuclear-fuel-industries","name":"Nuclear Fuel Industries","kind":"unit","parentId":"toshiba","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"low":1.184,"central":1.184,"high":1.184,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Tables 1 and 2: world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity, tonnes/yr"},"note":"Nuclear Fuel Industries (Toshiba). US region 0% x 60% + China region 0% x 8% + rest of world 3.7% x 32% = 1.18%. World Nuclear Association Nuclear Fuel Report 2025 capacity (rod/assembly, tHM/yr; LWR 14,912 plus PHWR 4,946 = 19,858): Westinghouse 3,000 (Columbia 1,600, Vasteras 800, Springfields 600), Framatome 3,250 (Richland 1,200, Romans 1,400, Lingen 650), GNF 1,630 (Wilmington 1,000, GNF-J 630), TVEL 2,760, CNNC 1,646 (Yibin 800, Baotou 600+246), KEPCO NF 1,300, Cameco Port Hope 1,650, BWXT 1,200, India NFC 1,048, MHI 440, NFI 534, ENUSA 500, INB 240, SNN 250, Conuar 210, Ulba-FA 200. Regional columns are 5LayerCake estimates: US reactors Westinghouse 38%, Framatome 30%, GNF 30%; Chinese reactors CNNC 72%; rest of world by capacity outside the US plants and CNNC. Capacity is not tonnes delivered, so the observation is flagged off-basis. Source date: Date is the page's 'Updated' line. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width).","offBasis":true}},"screening":{"fuel-fabrication":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"25837255b6b7dbf6be54fcbfb1afc3e60a59e1158d4fbd17b471980af4dfe572"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"25837255b6b7dbf6be54fcbfb1afc3e60a59e1158d4fbd17b471980af4dfe572"}}},"sempra":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"sempra","name":"Sempra (Sempra Infrastructure)","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.gecf.org/Portals/0/xBlog/uploads/2026/2/23/GECF_ASB2025_JanL_26updated.pdf","title":"GECF Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (9th edition)","publisher":"Gas Exporting Countries Forum","publishedDate":"2025-12","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The bulletin names national and international gas producers, pipelines and LNG plants; it does not name this company in this part. The company's own page could not be used (blocked or empty)"}},"gas-transport":{"low":0.7,"central":0.7,"high":0.7,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","title":"U.S. natural gas production reached a new record in 2025","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration (Today in Energy)","publishedDate":"2026-03-13","tier":"T5","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"Opening paragraph: US marketed natural gas production averaged 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025"},"note":"Judgement (T5): no company results document was opened for this revenue in this pass, so it is a 5LayerCake judgement of scale, not a reported figure; the tier width covers it. US: Sempra Infrastructure US LNG and pipelines (Cameron is equity-accounted), judged: 1 USD bn / 120 USD bn pool x 71% = 0.592% ; rest of world: Mexico pipelines, judged: 1 USD bn / 240 USD bn pool x 26% = 0.108%. Revenue pools are 5LayerCake estimates of first-sale gas transport, gathering and LNG revenue (resale and trading revenue is not counted so each dollar is counted once): US USD 120 bn in 2025 = USD 43.6 bn of LNG exports (EIA: 5,508,984 MMcf exported at USD 7.92 per Mcf, https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_move_expc_s1_a.htm, released 30 September 2026) plus about USD 76.4 bn of pipeline, storage and gathering fees, which is a judgement (four operators with opened FY2025 figures, Kinder Morgan's natural gas pipelines about 11.0, Williams about 10.5, Energy Transfer about 11.1 annualised and EQT's Equitrans about 1.9, total about USD 34.5 bn, so the pool would leave about USD 42 bn for the other operators); US 2024 pool USD 104.4 bn = USD 28.0 bn of LNG exports (4,367,170 MMcf at USD 6.41) plus the same USD 76.4 bn; China USD 35 bn; rest of world USD 240 bn. Regional weights 71/3/26% are the card's. Tier T5: 5LayerCake derivation from the inputs above (central value is the arithmetic result; the engine applies the tier width)."},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","title":"Uranium Enrichment (world enrichment capacity by operator)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-09-29","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the commercial enrichers (CNNC, Orano, Rosatom, Urenco, and INB and JNFL in Japan and Brazil); the company is not among them"}},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"gas-transport":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"e24d396365b35684b8c47ab7336e80afb0e04ac172029f5404d1dcef5b65c5ca"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"e24d396365b35684b8c47ab7336e80afb0e04ac172029f5404d1dcef5b65c5ca"}}},"centrus":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"centrus","name":"Centrus Energy","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"coal":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.centrusenergy.com/","title":"Home - Centrus Energy Corp","publisher":"Centrus Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - Centrus Energy Corp'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of coal for power; this pass describes the company as: enricher of HALEU, seller of LEU"}},"gas-production":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.centrusenergy.com/","title":"Home - Centrus Energy Corp","publisher":"Centrus Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - Centrus Energy Corp'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas production; this pass describes the company as: enricher of HALEU, seller of LEU"}},"gas-transport":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.centrusenergy.com/","title":"Home - Centrus Energy Corp","publisher":"Centrus Energy","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Company page (title 'Home - Centrus Energy Corp'). A keyword scan of the page text found no mention of gas pipelines and LNG; this pass describes the company as: enricher of HALEU, seller of LEU"}},"uranium-mining":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","title":"World Uranium Mining Production (2024 production by company)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-09","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The company table lists the ten largest producers plus an 'other' group of 4,627 tU; the company is not named"}},"conversion":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","title":"Conversion and Deconversion (estimated world primary conversion capacity and UF6 production 2024)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-10-14","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the five commercial converters (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); the company is not among them"}},"enrichment":{"low":0.02,"central":0.3,"high":5,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of 2025 supply in the function: physical output for fuels and nuclear stages, revenue for gas transport; regions combined by data-centre use of the fuel","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1065059/000162828026007117/leu-20251231.htm","title":"Centrus Energy Corp. Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025","publisher":"Centrus Energy / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Item 1 Competition and Foreign Trade: 'Our global market share of enrichment for the LEU market is less than 5%'; market about 50 million SWU per year"},"note":"Centrus owns no commercial enrichment plant. Its own physical production is the Piketon demonstration cascade: 900 kg of HALEU UF6 a year (10-K, HALEU Operation Contract, Phase 2), a negligible fraction of the roughly 50 million SWU a year market; its other SWU sales are supplied by Urenco, Orano and Rosatom/TENEX and are credited to those producers so that each unit is counted once. Central 0.3% and range 0.02% to 5% are 5LayerCake judgement. The company says its share of the LEU enrichment market, as a seller, is under 5% (10-K), which sets the high end; the low end is the physical-production share. SWU revenue was USD 298.7 million in 2025 (USD 246.8 million in 2024) on a 23% rise in SWU volume sold (10-K, results of operations). Tier T5 judgement.","offBasis":true},"fuel-fabrication":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","title":"Nuclear Fuel Fabrication (world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication capacity)","publisher":"World Nuclear Association","publishedDate":"2026-08-04","tier":"T4","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","locator":"The page lists the world LWR and PHWR fuel fabrication plants by owner; the company is not among them"}}},"screening":{"enrichment":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"77e73d4cff53a41868fd994c4e268e1434fe39713c5916bc8f68c749eb4fa28e"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-23","passed":true,"sha256":"77e73d4cff53a41868fd994c4e268e1434fe39713c5916bc8f68c749eb4fa28e"}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":346200000,"central":346200000,"high":346200000,"unit":"USD","basis":"LEU segment revenue (SWU and uranium), calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1065059/000162828026007117/leu-20251231.htm","title":"Centrus Energy Corp. Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025","publisher":"Centrus Energy / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Consolidated statements of operations: separative work units USD 298.7 million; uranium USD 47.5 million"},"note":"SWU revenue USD 298.7 million + uranium revenue USD 47.5 million (LEU segment; technical solutions revenue USD 102.5 million is excluded)."}}},"ratings":{"urenco":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"urenco","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"enrichment":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA 2025 capacity (thousand SWU): Rosatom 29,133, Urenco 17,300, CNNC 13,789, Orano 7,500."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA: US bars Russian LEU imports; DOE waiver authority 'ends at the start of 2028'."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA: Orano's expansion, decided October 2023, adds first modules in 2028 and completes in 2030."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA: Urenco's further 2.1m SWU starts production in 2032, with cascades through 2036."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA: Orano's 7,500 thousand SWU is well under half of Urenco's 17,300 (5LayerCake comparison)."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA 2025 capacity (thousand SWU): Rosatom 29,133, Urenco 17,300, CNNC 13,789, Orano 7,500."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"urenco","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"enrichment":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Urenco held 17,300 thousand SWU, about 25% of 68,076 thousand SWU in 2025; these four hold about 99.5% of capacity. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"The US bars Russian LEU imports from Aug 2024, with waivers ending at the start of 2028 and the ban running to the end of 2040. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Orano's expansion, decided Oct 2023, reaches first modules in 2028 and full output in 2030; Urenco's US cascade programme (first May 2025) finishes in 2027. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://www.ans.org/news/article-4909/on-the-verge-of-a-crisis-the-us-nuclear-fuel-gordian-knot/","date":"2023-04-14","support":"Centrus' David Leistikow estimated a \"six- to seven-year program\" to expand enrichment with robust funding (2023). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA expects global capacity to exceed demand into the early 2030s, but most spare capacity sits with Russian and Chinese suppliers some customers cannot use; the gap here is for accessible capacity (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Cameco cites years of underinvestment in fuel-cycle capacity and Urenco doubling its Almelo plan to about 1.5 million SWU by 2030 (MD&A p.13-14). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"rosatom":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"rosatom","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: Kazatomprom 21%, Cameco 17%, Orano 11%, Uranium One 10%, CGN 10%, Navoi 7%, CNNC 6%, BHP 5%."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA (released 29 July 2026): US owners held 118 Mlb at end-2025 vs 46.9 Mlb bought that year, ~2.5 years."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA: mine production comes 10-15 years after exploration; inventories of 42,000 tU (US) and 40,000 tU (EU)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/kazatomprom-to-lower-uranium-production-in-2026","date":"2025-08-22","support":"WNN: Kazatomprom's planned 2026 cut of about 3,000 tU, about 5% of world primary supply, is held back for market reasons."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA (released 29 July 2026): US owners held 118 Mlb at end-2025 vs 46.9 Mlb bought that year, ~2.5 years."}]}},"conversion":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: UF6 output Cameco 11,375, CNNC 13,489, ConverDyn 6,370, Orano 13,650, Rosatom 11,375 tU."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: the Metropolis plant was shut from 2017 to July 2023, showing conversion capacity takes years to restore."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA table: western unused licensed capacity totals about 3,100 tU against Rosatom's 11,375 tU (5LayerCake arithmetic)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-03-19","support":"Cameco MD&A: conversion term prices reached historic highs in 2025 on demand for western conversion (date is the EDGAR posting date)."}]}},"enrichment":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA 2025 capacity (thousand SWU): Rosatom 29,133, Urenco 17,300, CNNC 13,789, Orano 7,500."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA: Orano's expansion, decided October 2023, adds first modules in 2028 and completes in 2030."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA: Russia still supplied 26% of foreign-origin SWU bought by US operators in 2025."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA: Rosatom's 29,133 thousand SWU exceeds Urenco and Orano combined (24,800) (5LayerCake arithmetic)."}]}},"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA: since 2022 Westinghouse supplies all of Ukraine's VVER fuel, the main non-Russian VVER source."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/first-westinghouse-fuel-arrives-at-temelin-nuclear-power-plant","date":"2025-05-23","support":"WNN: ČEZ began diversifying in 2018, signed in 2022, got first Westinghouse fuel in 2025, needing a regulator permit."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA: TVEL's Elektrostal makes 1,560 t/yr; Westinghouse supplies VVER fuel from Sweden, a plant serving other reactors too."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"rosatom","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Rosatom (Uranium One 5,829 tU + Rosatom 2,738 tU) mined about 8,567 tU in total, 15%, of the 60,213 tU world total in 2024; the ten largest producers made over 90% of output in 2022 and few match this scale. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Cameco says supply is not keeping pace and higher-cost projects come late due to lengthy development timelines (MD&A p.10, 15). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Civil stockpiles (about 42,000 tU US, 40,000 tU EU, 65,000 tonnes East Asia) cover only small gaps against needs near 69,000 tU a year (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"UxC estimates cumulative uncovered reactor requirements near 3.1 billion pounds U3O8 to 2045, so rival miners have no slack to take over volume (MD&A p.16). [date: full date]"}]}},"conversion":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Only five primary converters operate (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); Rosatom (Seversk) holds 12,500 tU licensed (estimate), 20% of 62,000 tU. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Western utilities have sought to diversify away from Russian supply since 2022, narrowing the usable alternatives (WNA, enrichment page). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.ans.org/news/article-4909/on-the-verge-of-a-crisis-the-us-nuclear-fuel-gordian-knot/","date":"2023-04-14","support":"Experts called conversion expansion \"probably a four-year process\" (Who would be hit first? section). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"ConverDyn's Metropolis plant stayed shut from 2017 to July 2023, showing how slowly capacity returns. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Licensed capacity of 62,000 tU against 2024 UF6 output of 56,259 tU leaves about 5,700 tU of slack, less than any one converter's output (rater's subtraction; licensed capacity is not always usable). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"North American long-term conversion prices hit a record in 2025 on steady demand for western services (MD&A p.20). [date: full date]"}]}},"enrichment":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Rosatom held 29,133 thousand SWU, about 43% of 68,076 thousand SWU in 2025; these four hold about 99.5% of capacity. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"The US bars Russian LEU imports from Aug 2024, with waivers ending at the start of 2028 and the ban running to the end of 2040. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Orano's expansion, decided Oct 2023, reaches first modules in 2028 and full output in 2030; Urenco's US cascade programme (first May 2025) finishes in 2027. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://www.ans.org/news/article-4909/on-the-verge-of-a-crisis-the-us-nuclear-fuel-gordian-knot/","date":"2023-04-14","support":"Centrus' David Leistikow estimated a \"six- to seven-year program\" to expand enrichment with robust funding (2023). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA expects global capacity to exceed demand into the early 2030s, but most spare capacity sits with Russian and Chinese suppliers some customers cannot use; the gap here is for accessible capacity (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Cameco cites years of underinvestment in fuel-cycle capacity and Urenco doubling its Almelo plan to about 1.5 million SWU by 2030 (MD&A p.13-14). [date: full date]"}]}},"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"TVEL (Rosatom): Elektrostal 1,560 + Novosibirsk 1,200 = 2,760 t/yr of 14,912, mostly VVER (WNA tables, summed by rater). WNA says utilities have limited choice of fuel suppliers, especially for PWRs, and the market is dominated by four LWR companies. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Fuel assemblies are designed for particular reactor types; Framatome's GAIA lead assemblies loaded in 2019 finished three cycles in Oct 2024. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/westinghouse-ready-to-supply-vver-440-fuel","date":"2018-03-13","support":"Westinghouse's VVER-440 fuel project began in Sept 2015, had its design approved in May 2017, and had no licence reported by March 2018. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA says LWR fabrication capacity worldwide considerably exceeds demand, so capacity gaps are small; the gap is in design-specific qualification (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]}}}}},"orano":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"orano","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: Kazatomprom 21%, Cameco 17%, Orano 11%, Uranium One 10%, CGN 10%, Navoi 7%, CNNC 6%, BHP 5%."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA (released 29 July 2026): US owners held 118 Mlb at end-2025 vs 46.9 Mlb bought that year, ~2.5 years."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA: mine production comes 10-15 years after exploration; inventories of 42,000 tU (US) and 40,000 tU (EU)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/kazatomprom-to-lower-uranium-production-in-2026","date":"2025-08-22","support":"WNN: Kazatomprom's planned 2026 cut of about 3,000 tU, about 5% of world primary supply, is held back for market reasons."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA (released 29 July 2026): US owners held 118 Mlb at end-2025 vs 46.9 Mlb bought that year, ~2.5 years."}]}},"conversion":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: UF6 output Cameco 11,375, CNNC 13,489, ConverDyn 6,370, Orano 13,650, Rosatom 11,375 tU."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: the Metropolis plant was shut from 2017 to July 2023, showing conversion capacity takes years to restore."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA table: Cameco and ConverDyn have about 1,755 tU of unused licensed capacity against Orano's 13,650 tU (5LayerCake arithmetic)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-03-19","support":"Cameco MD&A: conversion term prices reached historic highs in 2025 on demand for western conversion (date is the EDGAR posting date)."}]}},"enrichment":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA 2025 capacity (thousand SWU): Rosatom 29,133, Urenco 17,300, CNNC 13,789, Orano 7,500."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA: Urenco USA's 700,000 SWU addition, confirmed July 2023, completes only in 2027."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA: Urenco's near-term additions (~0.7m SWU) are far below Orano's 7.5m SWU output (5LayerCake comparison)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"orano","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Orano mined 6,815 tU, 11% of the 60,213 tU world total in 2024; the ten largest producers made over 90% of output in 2022 and few match this scale. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Cameco says supply is not keeping pace and higher-cost projects come late due to lengthy development timelines (MD&A p.10, 15). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Civil stockpiles (about 42,000 tU US, 40,000 tU EU, 65,000 tonnes East Asia) cover only small gaps against needs near 69,000 tU a year (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"UxC estimates cumulative uncovered reactor requirements near 3.1 billion pounds U3O8 to 2045, so rival miners have no slack to take over volume (MD&A p.16). [date: full date]"}]}},"conversion":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Only five primary converters operate (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); Orano (Pierrelatte, Malvesi) holds 15,000 tU licensed, 24% of 62,000 tU. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Western utilities have sought to diversify away from Russian supply since 2022, narrowing the usable alternatives (WNA, enrichment page). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.ans.org/news/article-4909/on-the-verge-of-a-crisis-the-us-nuclear-fuel-gordian-knot/","date":"2023-04-14","support":"Experts called conversion expansion \"probably a four-year process\" (Who would be hit first? section). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"ConverDyn's Metropolis plant stayed shut from 2017 to July 2023, showing how slowly capacity returns. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Licensed capacity of 62,000 tU against 2024 UF6 output of 56,259 tU leaves about 5,700 tU of slack, less than any one converter's output (rater's subtraction; licensed capacity is not always usable). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"North American long-term conversion prices hit a record in 2025 on steady demand for western services (MD&A p.20). [date: full date]"}]}},"enrichment":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Orano held 7,500 thousand SWU, about 11% of 68,076 thousand SWU in 2025; these four hold about 99.5% of capacity. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"The US bars Russian LEU imports from Aug 2024, with waivers ending at the start of 2028 and the ban running to the end of 2040. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Orano's expansion, decided Oct 2023, reaches first modules in 2028 and full output in 2030; Urenco's US cascade programme (first May 2025) finishes in 2027. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://www.ans.org/news/article-4909/on-the-verge-of-a-crisis-the-us-nuclear-fuel-gordian-knot/","date":"2023-04-14","support":"Centrus' David Leistikow estimated a \"six- to seven-year program\" to expand enrichment with robust funding (2023). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA expects global capacity to exceed demand into the early 2030s, but most spare capacity sits with Russian and Chinese suppliers some customers cannot use; the gap here is for accessible capacity (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Cameco cites years of underinvestment in fuel-cycle capacity and Urenco doubling its Almelo plan to about 1.5 million SWU by 2030 (MD&A p.13-14). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"cameco":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cameco","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: Kazatomprom 21%, Cameco 17%, Orano 11%, Uranium One 10%, CGN 10%, Navoi 7%, CNNC 6%, BHP 5%."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA (released 29 July 2026): US owners held 118 Mlb at end-2025 vs 46.9 Mlb bought that year, ~2.5 years."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/kazatomprom-to-lower-uranium-production-in-2026","date":"2025-08-22","support":"WNN: Kazatomprom's planned 2026 cut of about 3,000 tU, about 5% of world primary supply, is held back for market reasons."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-03-19","support":"Cameco MD&A: supply not keeping pace; material in the spot market has thinned (date is the EDGAR posting date)."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/kazatomprom-to-lower-uranium-production-in-2026","date":"2025-08-22","support":"WNN: Kazatomprom's planned 2026 cut of about 3,000 tU, about 5% of world primary supply, is held back for market reasons."}]}},"conversion":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: UF6 output Cameco 11,375, CNNC 13,489, ConverDyn 6,370, Orano 13,650, Rosatom 11,375 tU."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: the Metropolis plant was shut from 2017 to July 2023, showing conversion capacity takes years to restore."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA table: Orano and ConverDyn have about 1,980 tU of unused licensed capacity against Cameco's 11,375 tU (5LayerCake arithmetic)."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/canada-nuclear-power","date":"2026-09-13","support":"WNA: Cameco provides the only commercial supply of fuel-grade natural UO2 (Fuel cycle)."}]}},"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/canada-nuclear-power","date":"2026-09-13","support":"WNA: two Ontario plants make Canada's Candu fuel; the other plant is the only domestic alternative."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/canada-nuclear-power","date":"2026-09-13","support":"WNA: Candu fuel bundles are made domestically for Canada's reactors; the other plant would need to qualify and expand (thin evidence)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/canada-nuclear-power","date":"2026-09-13","support":"WNA: the two Ontario plants process about 1,900 tU a year, mainly for domestic Candu reactors."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA PHWR table: Cameco 1,650 and BWXT 1,200 t/yr; BWXT's 1,200 t/yr alone falls short of 1,900."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cameco","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Cameco mined 10,193 tU, 17% of the 60,213 tU world total in 2024; the ten largest producers made over 90% of output in 2022 and few match this scale. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Cameco says supply is not keeping pace and higher-cost projects come late due to lengthy development timelines (MD&A p.10, 15). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Civil stockpiles (about 42,000 tU US, 40,000 tU EU, 65,000 tonnes East Asia) cover only small gaps against needs near 69,000 tU a year (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"UxC estimates cumulative uncovered reactor requirements near 3.1 billion pounds U3O8 to 2045, so rival miners have no slack to take over volume (MD&A p.16). [date: full date]"}]}},"conversion":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Only five primary converters operate (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); Cameco (Port Hope) holds 12,500 tU licensed, 20% of 62,000 tU. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Western utilities have sought to diversify away from Russian supply since 2022, narrowing the usable alternatives (WNA, enrichment page). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.ans.org/news/article-4909/on-the-verge-of-a-crisis-the-us-nuclear-fuel-gordian-knot/","date":"2023-04-14","support":"Experts called conversion expansion \"probably a four-year process\" (Who would be hit first? section). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"ConverDyn's Metropolis plant stayed shut from 2017 to July 2023, showing how slowly capacity returns. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Licensed capacity of 62,000 tU against 2024 UF6 output of 56,259 tU leaves about 5,700 tU of slack, less than any one converter's output (rater's subtraction; licensed capacity is not always usable). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"North American long-term conversion prices hit a record in 2025 on steady demand for western services (MD&A p.20). [date: full date]"}]}},"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Cameco Fuel Manufacturing: 1,650 t/yr of PHWR fuel (largest of seven) (WNA tables, summed by rater). WNA says utilities have limited choice of fuel suppliers, especially for PWRs, and the market is dominated by four LWR companies. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA lists seven PHWR/CANDU fabricators, but each customer's design is licensed to specific vendors (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Fuel assemblies are designed for particular reactor types; Framatome's GAIA lead assemblies loaded in 2019 finished three cycles in Oct 2024. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/westinghouse-ready-to-supply-vver-440-fuel","date":"2018-03-13","support":"Westinghouse's VVER-440 fuel project began in Sept 2015, had its design approved in May 2017, and had no licence reported by March 2018. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA says LWR fabrication capacity worldwide considerably exceeds demand, so capacity gaps are small; the gap is in design-specific qualification (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]}}}}},"coal-india":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"coal-india","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2713084-india-s-coal-glut-dampens-demand-for-imports","date":"2025-07-23","support":"Argus: Coal India produced about three-quarters of India's coal in Jan-Jun 2025; the rest came from Singareni and captive blocks."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2857740-strong-indian-coal-burn-fails-to-support-imports","date":"2026-07-28","support":"Argus: Coal India meets nearly 80% of India's coal demand."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2857740-strong-indian-coal-burn-fails-to-support-imports","date":"2026-07-28","support":"Argus: plant stocks were 39.22 Mt, about 13 days of use, on 26 July 2026; Jan-Jun thermal imports were 74.5 Mt."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2857740-strong-indian-coal-burn-fails-to-support-imports","date":"2026-07-28","support":"Argus: Jan-Jun 2026 thermal imports were 74.5 Mt while CIL meets nearly 80% of demand, several times the import volume."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2713084-india-s-coal-glut-dampens-demand-for-imports","date":"2025-07-23","support":"Argus: India's other producers (Singareni, captive and commercial blocks) supply only about a quarter of output."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"coal-india","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.coalindia.in/departments/production/","date":"2026-06-04","support":"Coal India produced 768.19 Mt in FY2025-26. [date: page last-updated date]"},{"url":"https://www.coal.nic.in/sites/default/files/2026-03/Press130326.pdf","date":"2026-03-13","support":"Captive, commercial and other mines crossed 200 Mt in FY2025-26 (+10.56%), the main domestic alternative, about a quarter of Coal India's tonnage. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.coal.nic.in/sites/default/files/2026-03/Press130326.pdf","date":"2026-03-13","support":"Captive, commercial and other mines grew 10.56% in a year, about 20 Mt; at that pace they would need years to add Coal India's 768 Mt, and imports would fill the rest (rater's arithmetic). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.coalindia.in/departments/production/","date":"2026-06-04","support":"Coal India's 768.19 Mt is roughly four times the 200 Mt of the largest alternative block (Ministry of Coal), so no alternative covers it at scale (rater's arithmetic). [date: page last-updated date]"}]}}}}},"kazatomprom":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"kazatomprom","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: Kazatomprom 21%, Cameco 17%, Orano 11%, Uranium One 10%, CGN 10%, Navoi 7%, CNNC 6%, BHP 5%."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA: mine production comes 10-15 years after exploration; inventories of 42,000 tU (US) and 40,000 tU (EU)."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA (released 29 July 2026): US owners held 118 Mlb at end-2025 vs 46.9 Mlb bought that year, ~2.5 years."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-03-19","support":"Cameco MD&A: future supply 'is not keeping pace' and secondary supplies have diminished (date is the EDGAR posting date)."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: Kazatomprom 21%, Cameco 17%, Orano 11%, Uranium One 10%, CGN 10%, Navoi 7%, CNNC 6%, BHP 5%."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"kazatomprom","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Kazatomprom mined 12,463 tU, 21% of the 60,213 tU world total in 2024; the ten largest producers made over 90% of output in 2022 and few match this scale. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Cameco says supply is not keeping pace and higher-cost projects come late due to lengthy development timelines (MD&A p.10, 15). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Civil stockpiles (about 42,000 tU US, 40,000 tU EU, 65,000 tonnes East Asia) cover only small gaps against needs near 69,000 tU a year (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"UxC estimates cumulative uncovered reactor requirements near 3.1 billion pounds U3O8 to 2045, so rival miners have no slack to take over volume (MD&A p.16). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"china-energy-investment":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"china-energy-investment","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://en.sxcoal.com/news/detail/2082632350272008193","date":"2026-07-30","support":"CHN Energy says it produced and sold about 420 Mt in H1 2026 and keeps the top coal market share."},{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia alone told 72 mines and Shanxi 98 mines to raise output, showing many alternative mines."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia let 72 mines lift output by 98.35 Mt; a trader expected two to three months to materialise."},{"url":"https://en.sxcoal.com/news/detail/2082632350272008193","date":"2026-07-30","support":"At roughly 800 Mt a year (derived from the H1 2026 figure), replacing CHN's volume needs several emergency rounds like 2021's, so about 1-2 years."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"NDRC/NEA plan a coal production reserve by 2027 and a 300 Mt/yr reserve by 2030 to secure power-plant supply."},{"url":"https://en.sxcoal.com/news/detail/2082632350272008193","date":"2026-07-30","support":"CHN's roughly 800 Mt/yr (derived from H1 2026) is far above the planned 300 Mt reserve; the gap would be material."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"china-energy-investment","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"China produced a record 4.83 Gt in 2025 (NBS) and the world 9.1 Gt, so CHN Energy's tonnage is one of many producers' (steam-coal exporters also list Indonesia 391 Mt, Australia 202 Mt, Russia 152 Mt). [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://thecoalhub.com/ndrc-long-term-deals-to-cover-all-power-plant-coal-use.html","date":"2021-09-17","support":"China's planner (NDRC) pushed power plants to cover all annual coal use with medium- and long-term contracts (2021), so replacing CHN Energy means new contracts, a matter of months. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"China's net coal imports reached 470 Mt in 2023; the state plans a 300 Mt/yr reserve capacity only by 2030, so spare domestic capacity looks limited against a producer of CHN Energy's size (inference). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"Chinese coal plants' load factor fell below 50% in 2025, which eases demand pressure on replacement supply. [date: month only]"}]}}}}},"nioc":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"nioc","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/Iran/pdf/Iran%20CAB%202024.pdf","date":"2024-10-10","support":"EIA: Iran produced 9.4 Tcf of dry gas in 2023, from fields developed mainly by domestic state companies; imports were 80 Bcf."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/Iran/pdf/Iran%20CAB%202024.pdf","date":"2024-10-10","support":"EIA: direct Turkmen imports stopped in 2017, with only small swaps since; new import routes would take years (inference)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/Iran/pdf/Iran%20CAB%202024.pdf","date":"2024-10-10","support":"EIA: consumption was 8.9 Tcf in 2023 against imports of 80 Bcf, under 1%; no alternative at scale."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"nioc","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/?p=27800","date":"2026-01-26","support":"Iran produced 263 bcm of gas in 2024, about 80% from South Pars; a Russian import deal was cut from about 110 to 55 bcm a year and no Russian gas flows. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/?p=27800","date":"2026-01-26","support":"Sanctions limit compression equipment and growth slowed to 2.7% a year since 2021, so new supply to replace NIOC volumes takes years (inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/?p=27800","date":"2026-01-26","support":"Iran is the fourth-largest gas consumer; the revised 55 bcm/y Russian import deal is not flowing, so no alternative supplier at this scale operates (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"cnnc":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cnnc","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: Kazatomprom 21%, Cameco 17%, Orano 11%, Uranium One 10%, CGN 10%, Navoi 7%, CNNC 6%, BHP 5%."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA (released 29 July 2026): US owners held 118 Mlb at end-2025 vs 46.9 Mlb bought that year, ~2.5 years."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/kazatomprom-to-lower-uranium-production-in-2026","date":"2025-08-22","support":"WNN: Kazatomprom's planned 2026 cut of about 3,000 tU, about 5% of world primary supply, is held back for market reasons."}]}},"conversion":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: UF6 output Cameco 11,375, CNNC 13,489, ConverDyn 6,370, Orano 13,650, Rosatom 11,375 tU."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/china-nuclear-fuel-cycle","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: Chinese conversion data are 'uncertain'; Hengyang, once due in 2018, and a Lanzhou plant are still being built."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: the Metropolis plant was shut from 2017 to July 2023, showing conversion capacity takes years to restore."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA table: CNNC produced an estimated 13,489 tU; other converters' unused capacity is far smaller (5LayerCake arithmetic)."}]}},"enrichment":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA 2025 capacity (thousand SWU): Rosatom 29,133, Urenco 17,300, CNNC 13,789, Orano 7,500."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/china-nuclear-fuel-cycle","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: China aims for fully independent enrichment; Tenex and Urenco have supplied some Chinese reactors."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA: Orano's expansion, decided October 2023, adds first modules in 2028 and completes in 2030."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA: CNNC's 13,789 thousand SWU is not matched by spare capacity elsewhere; western expansions arrive 2027-2032."}]}},"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/china-nuclear-fuel-cycle","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: CNNC 'maintains a strong monopoly' on China's fuel cycle; CGN contracts fabrication from CNNC units."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/first-westinghouse-fuel-arrives-at-temelin-nuclear-power-plant","date":"2025-05-23","support":"WNN: ČEZ began diversifying in 2018, signed in 2022, got first Westinghouse fuel in 2025, needing a regulator permit."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA: LWR fabrication capacity 'considerably exceeds the demand' (about 7,000 t/yr needed)."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/china-nuclear-fuel-cycle","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: CNNC's Yibin and Baotou plants make China's PWR fuel; foreign makers would need designs licensed (inference)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cnnc","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"CNNC mined 3,286 tU, 6% of the 60,213 tU world total in 2024; the ten largest producers made over 90% of output in 2022 and few match this scale. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Cameco says supply is not keeping pace and higher-cost projects come late due to lengthy development timelines (MD&A p.10, 15). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Civil stockpiles (about 42,000 tU US, 40,000 tU EU, 65,000 tonnes East Asia) cover only small gaps against needs near 69,000 tU a year (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"UxC estimates cumulative uncovered reactor requirements near 3.1 billion pounds U3O8 to 2045, so rival miners have no slack to take over volume (MD&A p.16). [date: full date]"}]}},"conversion":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Only five primary converters operate (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); CNNC (Lanzhou, Hengyang) holds 15,000 tU licensed (estimate), 24% of 62,000 tU. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Western utilities have sought to diversify away from Russian supply since 2022, narrowing the usable alternatives (WNA, enrichment page). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.ans.org/news/article-4909/on-the-verge-of-a-crisis-the-us-nuclear-fuel-gordian-knot/","date":"2023-04-14","support":"Experts called conversion expansion \"probably a four-year process\" (Who would be hit first? section). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"ConverDyn's Metropolis plant stayed shut from 2017 to July 2023, showing how slowly capacity returns. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Licensed capacity of 62,000 tU against 2024 UF6 output of 56,259 tU leaves about 5,700 tU of slack, less than any one converter's output (rater's subtraction; licensed capacity is not always usable). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"North American long-term conversion prices hit a record in 2025 on steady demand for western services (MD&A p.20). [date: full date]"}]}},"enrichment":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"CNNC held 13,789 thousand SWU, about 20% of 68,076 thousand SWU in 2025; these four hold about 99.5% of capacity. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"The US bars Russian LEU imports from Aug 2024, with waivers ending at the start of 2028 and the ban running to the end of 2040. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Orano's expansion, decided Oct 2023, reaches first modules in 2028 and full output in 2030; Urenco's US cascade programme (first May 2025) finishes in 2027. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://www.ans.org/news/article-4909/on-the-verge-of-a-crisis-the-us-nuclear-fuel-gordian-knot/","date":"2023-04-14","support":"Centrus' David Leistikow estimated a \"six- to seven-year program\" to expand enrichment with robust funding (2023). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA expects global capacity to exceed demand into the early 2030s, but most spare capacity sits with Russian and Chinese suppliers some customers cannot use; the gap here is for accessible capacity (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Cameco cites years of underinvestment in fuel-cycle capacity and Urenco doubling its Almelo plan to about 1.5 million SWU by 2030 (MD&A p.13-14). [date: full date]"}]}},"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"CNNC fuel plants: Yibin 800 + Baotou 400 + Baotou 200 = 1,400 t/yr of LWR fuel (WNA tables, summed by rater). WNA says utilities have limited choice of fuel suppliers, especially for PWRs, and the market is dominated by four LWR companies. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Fuel assemblies are designed for particular reactor types; Framatome's GAIA lead assemblies loaded in 2019 finished three cycles in Oct 2024. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/westinghouse-ready-to-supply-vver-440-fuel","date":"2018-03-13","support":"Westinghouse's VVER-440 fuel project began in Sept 2015, had its design approved in May 2017, and had no licence reported by March 2018. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA says LWR fabrication capacity worldwide considerably exceeds demand, so capacity gaps are small; the gap is in design-specific qualification (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]}}}}},"gazprom":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"gazprom","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/Russia/pdf/Russia%20CAB_2025.pdf","date":"2025-07-24","support":"EIA: Gazprom holds nearly 70% of Russia's gas reserves; Novatek operates the main other large fields (p. 6)."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/russia/archive/pdf/russia_2016.pdf","date":"2016-10-25","support":"EIA: independent producers have had limited upstream opportunities and pipeline access in Russia (p. 22)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/Russia/pdf/Russia%20CAB_2025.pdf","date":"2025-07-24","support":"EIA: EU piped imports from Russia fell from 40% (2021) to 8% (2023): export buyers took about two years (p. 16)."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/russia/archive/pdf/russia_2016.pdf","date":"2016-10-25","support":"EIA: independents only recently gained access to Gazprom pipelines, so domestic replacement would be slower (p. 22)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://commission.europa.eu/news-and-media/news/roadmap-fully-end-eu-dependency-russian-energy-2025-05-06_en","date":"2025-05-06","support":"European Commission: Russia's share of EU gas imports fell from 45% to 19%, with a 2024 rebound."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/Russia/pdf/Russia%20CAB_2025.pdf","date":"2025-07-24","support":"EIA: Russia produced 23.2 Tcf and consumed 16.8 Tcf in 2023-24; most of Gazprom's gas serves Russia itself (p. 5)."}]}},"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/russia/archive/pdf/russia_2016.pdf","date":"2016-10-25","support":"EIA: Gazprom is sole owner of virtually all of Russia's natural gas pipelines (p. 22)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/Russia/pdf/Russia%20CAB_2025.pdf","date":"2025-07-24","support":"EIA: Power of Siberia 2, launched in 2019, had made little progress by 2025, showing multi-year lead times (p. 16)."},{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2024/june/mountain-valley-pipeline-nears-completion-seeks-ferc-approval-for-june-11-start","date":"2024-06-10","support":"PGJ: Mountain Valley Pipeline construction began in 2018; it sought service in June 2024, cost $7.85 billion."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/russia/archive/pdf/russia_2016.pdf","date":"2016-10-25","support":"EIA: the UGS system carries Russian domestic and export gas; Russian consumers have no other trunk network (p. 21-22)."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/Russia/pdf/Russia%20CAB_2025.pdf","date":"2025-07-24","support":"EIA: export buyers such as the EU replaced most Russian pipeline gas, so the gap is largest at home (p. 16)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"gazprom","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_imports_of_energy_products_-_latest_developments","date":"2026-09","support":"EU buyers replaced Russian pipeline gas: Norway supplied 51.2% of EU pipeline imports and Russia 10.2% in Q2 2026; the US supplied 63.2% of EU LNG. [date: month only; data extracted Sept 2026]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_imports_of_energy_products_-_latest_developments","date":"2026-09","support":"Russia's pipeline share of EU imports is still 10.2% in Q2 2026, about four years after 2022, so replacement took years (inference; Russian domestic volumes not covered by this source). [date: month only; data extracted Sept 2026]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_imports_of_energy_products_-_latest_developments","date":"2026-09","support":"Evidence is thin for Gazprom's domestic Russian volumes; the EU case shows replacement was possible at higher cost, so the gap is rated material (rater's judgment). [date: month only; data extracted Sept 2026]"}]}},"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_imports_of_energy_products_-_latest_developments","date":"2026-09","support":"EU buyers replaced Russian pipeline gas with Norway (51.2% of pipeline imports) and US LNG (63.2% of LNG) by Q2 2026. [date: month only; data extracted Sept 2026]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_imports_of_energy_products_-_latest_developments","date":"2026-09","support":"Russia still supplies 10.2% of EU pipeline imports in Q2 2026, years after 2022, so the switch took one to two years or more. [date: month only; data extracted Sept 2026]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Replacement gas was found at higher prices (TTF $14.74/MMBtu in H1 2026), so the capacity gap proved small (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}},"reconciled":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"gazprom","rater":"reconciled","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/russia/archive/pdf/russia_2016.pdf","date":"2016-10-25","support":"EIA: \"Gazprom is sole owner of virtually all of Russia's natural gas pipelines\"; the 2006 law gives it exclusive pipeline export rights (p. 22). [full date shown]"},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/Russia/pdf/Russia%20CAB_2025.pdf","date":"2025-07-24","support":"EIA: consumption 16.8 Tcf (2023, p. 5) against exports of 4.5 Tcf incl. 1.6 Tcf LNG (2024, pp. 15-16), so about 85% of pipeline volume is domestic, with no alternative network (5LayerCake arithmetic). [full date shown]"},{"url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_imports_of_energy_products_-_latest_developments","date":"2026-09","support":"Eurostat: Norway supplied 51.2% of EU pipeline gas and the US 63.2% of EU LNG in Q2 2026, so export buyers have qualified alternatives. [month only: data extracted September 2026]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/russia/archive/pdf/russia_2016.pdf","date":"2016-10-25","support":"EIA: the Power of Siberia pipeline was \"currently under construction\" in 2016 (p. 19). [full date shown]"},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/Russia/pdf/Russia%20CAB_2025.pdf","date":"2025-07-24","support":"EIA: Power of Siberia 1 reached design capacity only after its Chinese segment was completed in December 2024; Power of Siberia 2, launched 2019, has stalled (p. 16). [full date shown]"},{"url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_imports_of_energy_products_-_latest_developments","date":"2026-09","support":"Eurostat: infrastructure limits prevented a rapid shift for some EU countries; Russia still held 10.2% of EU pipeline imports in Q2 2026. [month only: data extracted September 2026]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/Russia/pdf/Russia%20CAB_2025.pdf","date":"2025-07-24","support":"EIA: 46% of Russia's 2023 electricity came from natural gas (p. 9); the domestic users of Gazprom's network have no alternative supply at scale. [full date shown]"},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/international/content/analysis/countries_long/russia/archive/pdf/russia_2016.pdf","date":"2016-10-25","support":"EIA: the Unified Gas Supply system includes the domestic pipelines and the domestic part of export pipelines in European Russia (p. 19). [full date shown]"},{"url":"https://commission.europa.eu/news-and-media/news/roadmap-fully-end-eu-dependency-russian-energy-2025-05-06_en","date":"2025-05-06","support":"European Commission: Russia's share of EU gas imports fell from 45% to 19%, but rebounded in 2024. [full date shown]"},{"url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_imports_of_energy_products_-_latest_developments","date":"2026-09","support":"Eurostat: Qatar's share of EU LNG fell from 10.1% to 0.3% in Q2 2026 amid the Strait of Hormuz disruption, constraining replacement supply. [month only: data extracted September 2026]"}]}}}}},"cheniere":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cheniere","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://lngir.cheniere.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/345/cheniere-announces-substantial-completion-of-ccl-stage-3","date":"2026-08-31","support":"Cheniere says it has about 56 mtpa of LNG capacity in operation, the leading US exporter."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"EIA: US LNG exports ran near maximum output in H1 2026 as Hormuz cut about 20% of global LNG."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67564","date":"2026-04-23","support":"EIA: Golden Pass LNG took its FID in February 2019 and shipped first cargo in April 2026."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"EIA: US LNG exports ran near maximum output in H1 2026 as Hormuz cut about 20% of global LNG."},{"url":"https://aa.com.tr/en/economy/global-gas-market-to-stay-tight-through-2027-as-mideast-crisis-delays-lng-glut-iea/3916533","date":"2026-04-24","support":"IEA via AA: LNG market tight through 2027; losses only partly offset by other regions."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cheniere","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67484","date":"2026-04-16","support":"US peak LNG export capacity was 18.3 Bcf/d in April 2026, shared by a handful of terminals with new trains starting 2026-2027. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"US shipments to Asia roughly doubled in H1 2026 as Qatari supply was lost, so the US carried the replacement and few other exporters had spare volume (inference). [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"US LNG shipments to Asia roughly doubled in H1 2026, so cargoes can be re-sourced within months, but only from existing capacity; replacing Cheniere's output with new trains takes years. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67484","date":"2026-04-16","support":"US terminals are projected at 17.0 Bcf/d of exports against 18.3 Bcf/d capacity in 2026, only about 1.3 Bcf/d of slack, below the output of a top US exporter such as Cheniere (rater's subtraction; company volume not separately sourced). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"jinneng-holding":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"jinneng-holding","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia alone told 72 mines and Shanxi 98 mines to raise output, showing many alternative mines."},{"url":"https://en.sxcoal.com/news/detail/2082632350272008193","date":"2026-07-30","support":"CHN Energy leads Chinese coal; several other large state groups like Jinneng are next in scale (evidence for Jinneng itself is thin)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia let 72 mines lift output by 98.35 Mt; a trader expected two to three months to materialise."},{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"NDRC/NEA plan a coal production reserve by 2027 and a 300 Mt/yr reserve by 2030 to secure power-plant supply."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"NDRC/NEA plan a coal production reserve by 2027 and a 300 Mt/yr reserve by 2030 to secure power-plant supply."},{"url":"https://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202601/t20260120_1962355.html","date":"2026-01-20","support":"NBS: China's raw coal output rose 1.2% to 4.83 billion tons in 2025 (Jan-Dec line), a record."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"jinneng-holding","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"China produced a record 4.83 Gt in 2025 (NBS) and the world 9.1 Gt, so Jinneng Holding's tonnage is one of many producers' (steam-coal exporters also list Indonesia 391 Mt, Australia 202 Mt, Russia 152 Mt). [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://thecoalhub.com/ndrc-long-term-deals-to-cover-all-power-plant-coal-use.html","date":"2021-09-17","support":"China's planner (NDRC) pushed power plants to cover all annual coal use with medium- and long-term contracts (2021), so replacing Jinneng Holding means new contracts, a matter of months. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"China's net coal imports reached 470 Mt in 2023; the state plans a 300 Mt/yr reserve capacity only by 2030, so spare domestic capacity looks limited against a producer of Jinneng Holding's size (inference). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"Chinese coal plants' load factor fell below 50% in 2025, which eases demand pressure on replacement supply. [date: month only]"}]}}}}},"peabody":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"peabody","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1064728/000106472826000006/btu-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-19","support":"Peabody's 10-K names Alliance, ACNR, Core, Eagle Summit, Foresight, Hallador, Kiewit and NTEC as competitors (Competition; date is the EDGAR posting date)."},{"url":"https://www.peabodyenergy.com/Operations/U-S-Mining/Powder-River-Basin-Mining/North-Antelope-Rochelle-Mine","date":"undated","support":"Company page (undated): North Antelope Rochelle produced 65 million tons in 2025, a scale few single mines match."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65787","date":"2025-07-23","support":"EIA: coal plants held about 93 days of burn in mid-2025 and are expected to hold 90-120 days through 2026."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1064728/000106472826000006/btu-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-19","support":"About 87% of 2025 sales were under agreements of one year or longer, so customers would re-contract over months (date is the EDGAR posting date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA: 524 producing US mines in 2024; output 512.5 MMst against 832.8 MMst productive capacity."},{"url":"https://www.peabodyenergy.com/Operations/U-S-Mining/Powder-River-Basin-Mining/North-Antelope-Rochelle-Mine","date":"undated","support":"Company page (undated): 65 Mt from one mine in 2025, about 13% of US output (5LayerCake arithmetic with EIA total)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"peabody","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA counted 524 producing US coal mines in 2024, so Peabody's power-coal volume sits in a market with many producers. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"2025 steam-coal exports came from 10+ countries (Indonesia 391 Mt, Australia 202, Russia 152, South Africa 72, Colombia 52, US 38; Table 2). [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=15551","date":"2014-03-25","support":"Over 80% of US generator coal is bought on multiyear contracts; buyers re-source mainly when contracts expire, so replacing Peabody takes months, not weeks (older EIA note). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"US mines' productive capacity was 832.8 MMst against 512.5 MMst produced in 2024, about 320 MMst of unused capacity (rater's subtraction). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"cnpc":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cnpc","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://technode.global/prnasia/petrochina-drives-high-quality-development-through-innovation-maintaining-high-operating-results-in-h1-2025/","date":"2025-08-26","support":"PetroChina says H1 2025 marketable gas output was 2.68 tcf (about 76 bcm), over half China's output (5LayerCake arithmetic with NBS)."},{"url":"https://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202601/t20260120_1962355.html","date":"2026-01-20","support":"NBS: China produced 261.9 bcm of natural gas in 2025."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://aa.com.tr/en/economy/global-gas-market-to-stay-tight-through-2027-as-mideast-crisis-delays-lng-glut-iea/3916533","date":"2026-04-24","support":"IEA via AA: global LNG market expected to stay tight through 2026 and 2027, limiting replacement imports."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://aa.com.tr/en/economy/global-gas-market-to-stay-tight-through-2027-as-mideast-crisis-delays-lng-glut-iea/3916533","date":"2026-04-24","support":"IEA via AA: close to 20% of global LNG supply was lost from March 2026, only partly offset elsewhere."},{"url":"https://technode.global/prnasia/petrochina-drives-high-quality-development-through-innovation-maintaining-high-operating-results-in-h1-2025/","date":"2025-08-26","support":"PetroChina's roughly 150 bcm a year (derived from H1 2025) exceeds what other Chinese producers or spare LNG could supply."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cnpc","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/PipeChina_CGEP_Commentary_091420.pdf","date":"2020-09","support":"PetroChina, Sinopec Corp. and CNOOC Ltd. produced 94% of China's oil and gas in 2019, so Sinopec and CNOOC are the only domestic-scale alternatives. [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/PipeChina_CGEP_Commentary_091420.pdf","date":"2020-09","support":"China's import dependence was estimated at 42-45% in 2019; replacing CNPC volumes needs new imports and domestic ramp over one to two years (inference; 2020 source). [date: month only]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/PipeChina_CGEP_Commentary_091420.pdf","date":"2020-09","support":"PetroChina owned 76% of China's gas pipelines in 2019 and the three majors held 97% of exploration rights, so rivals cannot match CNPC's scale (2020 source, thin on 2025 volumes). [date: month only]"}]}}}}},"qatarenergy":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"qatarenergy","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"EIA: Hormuz disruption cut about 20% of global LNG, mostly Qatar; US exporters already near maximum output."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67564","date":"2026-04-23","support":"EIA: Golden Pass LNG took its FID in February 2019 and shipped first cargo in April 2026."},{"url":"https://aa.com.tr/en/economy/global-gas-market-to-stay-tight-through-2027-as-mideast-crisis-delays-lng-glut-iea/3916533","date":"2026-04-24","support":"IEA via AA: the disruption keeps the market tight through 2026 and 2027."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://aa.com.tr/en/economy/global-gas-market-to-stay-tight-through-2027-as-mideast-crisis-delays-lng-glut-iea/3916533","date":"2026-04-24","support":"IEA via AA: other regions only partly offset lower exports from Qatar and the UAE."},{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/july/iea-sees-global-natural-gas-demand-falling-as-lng-supply-tightens","date":"2026-07-07","support":"IEA via PGJ: Qatar and UAE LNG output fell nearly 80% in March-June 2026; prices stayed well above 2025."}]}},"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"EIA: US LNG exports ran near maximum output in H1 2026 as Hormuz cut about 20% of global LNG."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67564","date":"2026-04-23","support":"EIA: Golden Pass LNG took its FID in February 2019 and shipped first cargo in April 2026."},{"url":"https://aa.com.tr/en/economy/global-gas-market-to-stay-tight-through-2027-as-mideast-crisis-delays-lng-glut-iea/3916533","date":"2026-04-24","support":"IEA via AA: Qatar's damage pushes back the wider new-LNG wave by at least two years."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://aa.com.tr/en/economy/global-gas-market-to-stay-tight-through-2027-as-mideast-crisis-delays-lng-glut-iea/3916533","date":"2026-04-24","support":"IEA via AA: LNG market tight through 2027; losses only partly offset by other regions."},{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/july/iea-sees-global-natural-gas-demand-falling-as-lng-supply-tightens","date":"2026-07-07","support":"IEA via PGJ: Qatar and UAE LNG output fell nearly 80% in March-June 2026."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"qatarenergy","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"In March 2026 Hormuz disruption cut about 20% of global LNG supply, mostly Qatar's; US shipments to Asia roughly doubled in H1 2026 as buyers replaced it. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_imports_of_energy_products_-_latest_developments","date":"2026-09","support":"Qatar's share of EU LNG imports fell from 10.1% in Q4 2025 to 0.3% in Q2 2026 as the US reached 63.2%. [date: month only; data extracted Sept 2026]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Asian buyers, who take about 80% of Qatari LNG, competed for limited spot cargoes; US shipments to Asia roughly doubled in H1 2026. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67484","date":"2026-04-16","support":"Hormuz disruption removed over 10 Bcf/d, about 20% of global supply; US terminals had only about 1.3 Bcf/d of slack (18.3 capacity vs 17.0 projected 2026 exports; rater's subtraction). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://worldoil.com/news/2026/6/30/shell-sees-flat-lng-trade-in-2026-as-hormuz-recovery-remains-uncertain","date":"2026-06-30","support":"Vitol and the IEA expect tight LNG supply for about two more years; Shell sees supply growth returning in 2027 (Bloomberg report). [date: full date]"}]}},"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"In March 2026 Hormuz disruption cut about 20% of global LNG supply, mostly Qatar's; US shipments to Asia roughly doubled in H1 2026 as buyers replaced it. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_imports_of_energy_products_-_latest_developments","date":"2026-09","support":"Qatar's share of EU LNG imports fell from 10.1% in Q4 2025 to 0.3% in Q2 2026 as the US reached 63.2%. [date: month only; data extracted Sept 2026]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Asian buyers, who take about 80% of Qatari LNG, competed for limited spot cargoes; US shipments to Asia roughly doubled in H1 2026. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67484","date":"2026-04-16","support":"Hormuz disruption removed over 10 Bcf/d, about 20% of global supply; US terminals had only about 1.3 Bcf/d of slack (18.3 capacity vs 17.0 projected 2026 exports; rater's subtraction). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://worldoil.com/news/2026/6/30/shell-sees-flat-lng-trade-in-2026-as-hormuz-recovery-remains-uncertain","date":"2026-06-30","support":"Vitol and the IEA expect tight LNG supply for about two more years; Shell sees supply growth returning in 2027 (Bloomberg report). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"kinder-morgan":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"kinder-morgan","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.kindermorgan.com/Operations/Natural-Gas/Index","date":"undated","support":"Company page (undated) says its pipelines transport approximately 40% of US natural gas."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2024/june/mountain-valley-pipeline-nears-completion-seeks-ferc-approval-for-june-11-start","date":"2024-06-10","support":"PGJ: Mountain Valley Pipeline construction began in 2018; it sought service in June 2024, cost $7.85 billion."},{"url":"https://le.utah.gov/interim/2026/pdf/00002719.pdf","date":"2026-06-17","support":"Kern River: incremental capacity is not immediately available; FERC approval may take up to two years or more (p. 6)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.kindermorgan.com/Operations/Natural-Gas/Index","date":"undated","support":"Company page (undated): ~40% of US gas moves on its ~65,000 miles; no other network could absorb that volume."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"kinder-morgan","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"EIA says Appalachian output growth is held back by limited pipeline takeaway capacity, so few routes can carry extra gas. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"A 950 MMcf/d Transco expansion announced in May 2025 is planned for Q3 2030, about five years out. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=62323","date":"2024-06-14","support":"Shippers hold long-term agreements covering Mountain Valley's full 2.0 Bcf/d capacity for at least 20 years. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"Even the largest system, Transco (about 10,000 miles), carries about 15% of US gas, so no single rival route replaces Kinder Morgan's paths (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"cgn":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cgn","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: Kazatomprom 21%, Cameco 17%, Orano 11%, Uranium One 10%, CGN 10%, Navoi 7%, CNNC 6%, BHP 5%."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA (released 29 July 2026): US owners held 118 Mlb at end-2025 vs 46.9 Mlb bought that year, ~2.5 years."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"WNA: mine production comes 10-15 years after exploration; inventories of 42,000 tU (US) and 40,000 tU (EU)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/kazatomprom-to-lower-uranium-production-in-2026","date":"2025-08-22","support":"WNN: Kazatomprom's planned 2026 cut of about 3,000 tU, about 5% of world primary supply, is held back for market reasons."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA (released 29 July 2026): US owners held 118 Mlb at end-2025 vs 46.9 Mlb bought that year, ~2.5 years."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"cgn","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"CGN mined 5,761 tU, 10% of the 60,213 tU world total in 2024; the ten largest producers made over 90% of output in 2022 and few match this scale. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Cameco says supply is not keeping pace and higher-cost projects come late due to lengthy development timelines (MD&A p.10, 15). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Civil stockpiles (about 42,000 tU US, 40,000 tU EU, 65,000 tonnes East Asia) cover only small gaps against needs near 69,000 tU a year (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"UxC estimates cumulative uncovered reactor requirements near 3.1 billion pounds U3O8 to 2045, so rival miners have no slack to take over volume (MD&A p.16). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"williams":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"williams","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107263/000010726326000006/wmb-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-24","support":"Williams 10-K: Transco, about 9,600 miles, design capacity about 20.6 MMdth/d from Texas to New York (date is the EDGAR posting date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2024/june/mountain-valley-pipeline-nears-completion-seeks-ferc-approval-for-june-11-start","date":"2024-06-10","support":"PGJ: Mountain Valley Pipeline construction began in 2018; it sought service in June 2024, cost $7.85 billion."},{"url":"https://le.utah.gov/interim/2026/pdf/00002719.pdf","date":"2026-06-17","support":"Kern River: incremental capacity is not immediately available; FERC approval may take up to two years or more (p. 6)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107263/000010726326000006/wmb-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-24","support":"Williams 10-K: interstate systems are fully contracted under long-term firm contracts, so little spare capacity exists (date is the EDGAR posting date)."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=51158","date":"2022-02-03","support":"EIA: Northeast pipeline constraints limited gas to power plants in January 2022."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"williams","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"EIA says Appalachian output growth is held back by limited pipeline takeaway capacity, so few routes can carry extra gas. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"Williams' Transco is a roughly 10,000-mile system carrying about 15% of US natural gas. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"A 950 MMcf/d Transco expansion announced in May 2025 is planned for Q3 2030, about five years out. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=62323","date":"2024-06-14","support":"Shippers hold long-term agreements covering Mountain Valley's full 2.0 Bcf/d capacity for at least 20 years. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"Even the largest system, Transco (about 10,000 miles), carries about 15% of US gas, so no single rival route replaces Williams's paths (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"energy-transfer":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"energy-transfer","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=63044","date":"2024-09-10","support":"EIA: several developers build Texas and Permian gas pipelines (Whitewater, MPLX, Targa, ONEOK projects listed)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://le.utah.gov/interim/2026/pdf/00002719.pdf","date":"2026-06-17","support":"Kern River: incremental capacity is not immediately available; FERC approval may take up to two years or more (p. 6)."},{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2024/june/mountain-valley-pipeline-nears-completion-seeks-ferc-approval-for-june-11-start","date":"2024-06-10","support":"PGJ: Mountain Valley Pipeline construction began in 2018; it sought service in June 2024, cost $7.85 billion."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=63044","date":"2024-09-10","support":"EIA: Waha prices were negative on 46% of 2024 days when Texas takeaway capacity fell short."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"energy-transfer","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"EIA says Appalachian output growth is held back by limited pipeline takeaway capacity, so few routes can carry extra gas. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"A 950 MMcf/d Transco expansion announced in May 2025 is planned for Q3 2030, about five years out. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=62323","date":"2024-06-14","support":"Shippers hold long-term agreements covering Mountain Valley's full 2.0 Bcf/d capacity for at least 20 years. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"Even the largest system, Transco (about 10,000 miles), carries about 15% of US gas, so no single rival route replaces Energy Transfer's paths (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"venture-global":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"venture-global","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"EIA: Plaquemines LNG is exporting at full capacity; other US terminals also run near maximum."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67564","date":"2026-04-23","support":"EIA: Golden Pass LNG took its FID in February 2019 and shipped first cargo in April 2026."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://aa.com.tr/en/economy/global-gas-market-to-stay-tight-through-2027-as-mideast-crisis-delays-lng-glut-iea/3916533","date":"2026-04-24","support":"IEA via AA: LNG market tight through 2027; losses only partly offset by other regions."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"venture-global","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67484","date":"2026-04-16","support":"US peak LNG export capacity was 18.3 Bcf/d in April 2026, shared by a handful of terminals with new trains starting 2026-2027. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"US shipments to Asia roughly doubled in H1 2026 as Qatari supply was lost, so the US carried the replacement and few other exporters had spare volume (inference). [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"US LNG shipments to Asia roughly doubled in H1 2026, so cargoes can be re-sourced within months, but only from existing capacity; replacing Venture Global's output with new trains takes years. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67484","date":"2026-04-16","support":"US terminals are projected at 17.0 Bcf/d of exports against 18.3 Bcf/d capacity in 2026, only about 1.3 Bcf/d of slack, below the output of a top US exporter such as Venture Global (rater's subtraction; company volume not separately sourced). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"eqt":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"eqt","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachia, Permian and Haynesville supplied 67% of 2025 output, drawing on many producing companies."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: US marketed gas output rose 5.3 Bcf/d in one year to a record 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: US gas output set an all-time record in July 2026 as new pipelines eased Texas bottlenecks."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."}]}},"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: the Mountain Valley Pipeline relieved Appalachian pipeline constraints in 2025 (EQT ownership not stated in source)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2024/june/mountain-valley-pipeline-nears-completion-seeks-ferc-approval-for-june-11-start","date":"2024-06-10","support":"PGJ: Mountain Valley Pipeline construction began in 2018; it sought service in June 2024, cost $7.85 billion."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachian growth depended on MVP's added capacity; losing it would re-constrain supply."},{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2024/june/mountain-valley-pipeline-nears-completion-seeks-ferc-approval-for-june-11-start","date":"2024-06-10","support":"PGJ: Mountain Valley Pipeline construction began in 2018; it sought service in June 2024, cost $7.85 billion."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"eqt","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"US marketed gas output was 113 Bcf/d in 2024 across Haynesville, Appalachia and other basins, with many operators besides EQT. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Haynesville output moved 11% as rigs fell from 57 to 37 in 2024; replacing EQT's large volume means redeploying rigs over months (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Producers cut Haynesville drilling in 2024 on low prices (14.6 Bcf/d, down 11%), so latent capacity exists, but Appalachia growth is capped by pipeline takeaway. [date: full date]"}]}},"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"EIA says Appalachian output growth is held back by limited pipeline takeaway capacity, so few routes can carry extra gas. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=62323","date":"2024-06-14","support":"Mountain Valley is a 303-mile, 2.0 Bcf/d pipeline whose capacity is fully contracted for at least 20 years. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"A 950 MMcf/d Transco expansion announced in May 2025 is planned for Q3 2030, about five years out. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=62323","date":"2024-06-14","support":"Shippers hold long-term agreements covering Mountain Valley's full 2.0 Bcf/d capacity for at least 20 years. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"Even the largest system, Transco (about 10,000 miles), carries about 15% of US gas, so no single rival route replaces EQT (Mountain Valley and Appalachian gathering)'s paths (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"expand-energy":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"expand-energy","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachia, Permian and Haynesville supplied 67% of 2025 output, drawing on many producing companies."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: US marketed gas output rose 5.3 Bcf/d in one year to a record 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: US gas output set an all-time record in July 2026 as new pipelines eased Texas bottlenecks."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"expand-energy","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"US marketed gas output was 113 Bcf/d in 2024 across Haynesville, Appalachia and other basins, with many operators besides Expand Energy. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Haynesville output moved 11% as rigs fell from 57 to 37 in 2024; replacing Expand Energy's large volume means redeploying rigs over months (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Producers cut Haynesville drilling in 2024 on low prices (14.6 Bcf/d, down 11%), so latent capacity exists, but Appalachia growth is capped by pipeline takeaway. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"core-natural-resources":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"core-natural-resources","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1064728/000106472826000006/btu-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-19","support":"Peabody's 10-K names Alliance, ACNR, Core, Eagle Summit, Foresight, Hallador, Kiewit and NTEC as competitors (Competition; date is the EDGAR posting date)."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA: 524 producing US mines in 2024; output 512.5 MMst against 832.8 MMst productive capacity."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65787","date":"2025-07-23","support":"EIA: coal plants held about 93 days of burn in mid-2025 and are expected to hold 90-120 days through 2026."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA: 524 producing US mines in 2024; output 512.5 MMst against 832.8 MMst productive capacity."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"core-natural-resources","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA counted 524 producing US coal mines in 2024, so Core Natural Resources's power-coal volume sits in a market with many producers. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"2025 steam-coal exports came from 10+ countries (Indonesia 391 Mt, Australia 202, Russia 152, South Africa 72, Colombia 52, US 38; Table 2). [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=15551","date":"2014-03-25","support":"Over 80% of US generator coal is bought on multiyear contracts; buyers re-source mainly when contracts expire, so replacing Core Natural Resources takes months, not weeks (older EIA note). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"US mines' productive capacity was 832.8 MMst against 512.5 MMst produced in 2024, about 320 MMst of unused capacity (rater's subtraction). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"shandong-energy":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"shandong-energy","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia alone told 72 mines and Shanxi 98 mines to raise output, showing many alternative mines."},{"url":"https://en.sxcoal.com/news/detail/2082632350272008193","date":"2026-07-30","support":"CHN Energy alone sold about 420 Mt in H1 2026; many large groups can supply comparable coal (company-specific evidence thin)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia let 72 mines lift output by 98.35 Mt; a trader expected two to three months to materialise."},{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"Government can order reserve mines to dispatch output when supply is tight (planned system, by 2027)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"NDRC/NEA plan a coal production reserve by 2027 and a 300 Mt/yr reserve by 2030 to secure power-plant supply."},{"url":"https://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202601/t20260120_1962355.html","date":"2026-01-20","support":"NBS: China's raw coal output rose 1.2% to 4.83 billion tons in 2025 (Jan-Dec line), a record."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"shandong-energy","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"China produced a record 4.83 Gt in 2025 (NBS) and the world 9.1 Gt, so Shandong Energy's tonnage is one of many producers' (steam-coal exporters also list Indonesia 391 Mt, Australia 202 Mt, Russia 152 Mt). [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://thecoalhub.com/ndrc-long-term-deals-to-cover-all-power-plant-coal-use.html","date":"2021-09-17","support":"China's planner (NDRC) pushed power plants to cover all annual coal use with medium- and long-term contracts (2021), so replacing Shandong Energy means new contracts, a matter of months. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"China's net coal imports were 470 Mt in 2023 (Yicai); a producer the size of Shandong Energy is covered by other domestic output and imports. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"china-national-coal-group":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"china-national-coal-group","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia alone told 72 mines and Shanxi 98 mines to raise output, showing many alternative mines."},{"url":"https://en.sxcoal.com/news/detail/2082632350272008193","date":"2026-07-30","support":"CHN Energy alone sold about 420 Mt in H1 2026; many large groups can supply comparable coal (company-specific evidence thin)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia let 72 mines lift output by 98.35 Mt; a trader expected two to three months to materialise."},{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"Government can order reserve mines to dispatch output when supply is tight (planned system, by 2027)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"NDRC/NEA plan a coal production reserve by 2027 and a 300 Mt/yr reserve by 2030 to secure power-plant supply."},{"url":"https://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202601/t20260120_1962355.html","date":"2026-01-20","support":"NBS: China's raw coal output rose 1.2% to 4.83 billion tons in 2025 (Jan-Dec line), a record."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"china-national-coal-group","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"China produced a record 4.83 Gt in 2025 (NBS) and the world 9.1 Gt, so China Coal's tonnage is one of many producers' (steam-coal exporters also list Indonesia 391 Mt, Australia 202 Mt, Russia 152 Mt). [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://thecoalhub.com/ndrc-long-term-deals-to-cover-all-power-plant-coal-use.html","date":"2021-09-17","support":"China's planner (NDRC) pushed power plants to cover all annual coal use with medium- and long-term contracts (2021), so replacing China Coal means new contracts, a matter of months. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"China's net coal imports were 470 Mt in 2023 (Yicai); a producer the size of China Coal is covered by other domestic output and imports. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"westinghouse":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"westinghouse","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA: 'utilities have limited choice in suppliers of fabricated fuel assemblies, especially for PWRs'."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA: Framatome, GNF, TVEL and Westinghouse are the four dominant fabricators."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/first-westinghouse-fuel-arrives-at-temelin-nuclear-power-plant","date":"2025-05-23","support":"WNN: ČEZ began diversifying in 2018, signed in 2022, got first Westinghouse fuel in 2025, needing a regulator permit."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA: LWR fabrication capacity 'considerably exceeds the demand' (about 7,000 t/yr needed)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"westinghouse","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Westinghouse: Columbia 1,600 + Vasteras 800 + Springfields 600 = 3,000 t/yr of 14,912 (WNA tables, summed by rater). WNA says utilities have limited choice of fuel suppliers, especially for PWRs, and the market is dominated by four LWR companies. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Fuel assemblies are designed for particular reactor types; Framatome's GAIA lead assemblies loaded in 2019 finished three cycles in Oct 2024. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/westinghouse-ready-to-supply-vver-440-fuel","date":"2018-03-13","support":"Westinghouse's VVER-440 fuel project began in Sept 2015, had its design approved in May 2017, and had no licence reported by March 2018. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA says LWR fabrication capacity worldwide considerably exceeds demand, so capacity gaps are small; the gap is in design-specific qualification (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]}}}}},"general-atomics":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"general-atomics","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: ten companies each produce over 1,800 tU; this company is among the smaller producers or in 'Other'."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA (released 29 July 2026): US owners held 118 Mlb at end-2025 vs 46.9 Mlb bought that year, ~2.5 years."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/kazatomprom-to-lower-uranium-production-in-2026","date":"2025-08-22","support":"WNN: Kazatomprom's planned 2026 cut of about 3,000 tU, about 5% of world primary supply, is held back for market reasons."}]}},"conversion":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: UF6 output Cameco 11,375, CNNC 13,489, ConverDyn 6,370, Orano 13,650, Rosatom 11,375 tU."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: the Metropolis plant was shut from 2017 to July 2023, showing conversion capacity takes years to restore."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA table: Cameco and Orano have about 2,475 tU unused capacity against ConverDyn's 6,370 tU (5LayerCake arithmetic)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-03-19","support":"Cameco MD&A: conversion term prices reached historic highs in 2025 on demand for western conversion (date is the EDGAR posting date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"general-atomics","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"General Atomics/Quasar mined 1,808 tU, 3% of the 60,213 tU world total in 2024; the ten largest producers made over 90% of output in 2022 and few match this scale. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Cameco says supply is not keeping pace and higher-cost projects come late due to lengthy development timelines (MD&A p.10, 15). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Civil stockpiles (about 42,000 tU US, 40,000 tU EU, 65,000 tonnes East Asia) cover only small gaps against needs near 69,000 tU a year (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"UxC estimates cumulative uncovered reactor requirements near 3.1 billion pounds U3O8 to 2045, so rival miners have no slack to take over volume (MD&A p.16). [date: full date]"}]}},"conversion":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Only five primary converters operate (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); ConverDyn (Metropolis; General Atomics partner) holds 7,000 tU licensed, 11% of 62,000 tU. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Western utilities have sought to diversify away from Russian supply since 2022, narrowing the usable alternatives (WNA, enrichment page). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.ans.org/news/article-4909/on-the-verge-of-a-crisis-the-us-nuclear-fuel-gordian-knot/","date":"2023-04-14","support":"Experts called conversion expansion \"probably a four-year process\" (Who would be hit first? section). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"ConverDyn's Metropolis plant stayed shut from 2017 to July 2023, showing how slowly capacity returns. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Licensed capacity of 62,000 tU against 2024 UF6 output of 56,259 tU leaves about 5,700 tU of slack, less than any one converter's output (rater's subtraction; licensed capacity is not always usable). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"North American long-term conversion prices hit a record in 2025 on steady demand for western services (MD&A p.20). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"shaanxi-coal-chemical":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"shaanxi-coal-chemical","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia alone told 72 mines and Shanxi 98 mines to raise output, showing many alternative mines."},{"url":"https://en.sxcoal.com/news/detail/2082632350272008193","date":"2026-07-30","support":"CHN Energy alone sold about 420 Mt in H1 2026; many large groups can supply comparable coal (company-specific evidence thin)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia let 72 mines lift output by 98.35 Mt; a trader expected two to three months to materialise."},{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"Government can order reserve mines to dispatch output when supply is tight (planned system, by 2027)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"NDRC/NEA plan a coal production reserve by 2027 and a 300 Mt/yr reserve by 2030 to secure power-plant supply."},{"url":"https://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202601/t20260120_1962355.html","date":"2026-01-20","support":"NBS: China's raw coal output rose 1.2% to 4.83 billion tons in 2025 (Jan-Dec line), a record."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"shaanxi-coal-chemical","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"China produced a record 4.83 Gt in 2025 (NBS) and the world 9.1 Gt, so Shaanxi Coal and Chemical's tonnage is one of many producers' (steam-coal exporters also list Indonesia 391 Mt, Australia 202 Mt, Russia 152 Mt). [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://thecoalhub.com/ndrc-long-term-deals-to-cover-all-power-plant-coal-use.html","date":"2021-09-17","support":"China's planner (NDRC) pushed power plants to cover all annual coal use with medium- and long-term contracts (2021), so replacing Shaanxi Coal and Chemical means new contracts, a matter of months. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"China's net coal imports were 470 Mt in 2023 (Yicai); a producer the size of Shaanxi Coal and Chemical is covered by other domestic output and imports. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"bhp":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"bhp","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: Kazatomprom 21%, Cameco 17%, Orano 11%, Uranium One 10%, CGN 10%, Navoi 7%, CNNC 6%, BHP 5%."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA (released 29 July 2026): US owners held 118 Mlb at end-2025 vs 46.9 Mlb bought that year, ~2.5 years."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/kazatomprom-to-lower-uranium-production-in-2026","date":"2025-08-22","support":"WNN: Kazatomprom's planned 2026 cut of about 3,000 tU, about 5% of world primary supply, is held back for market reasons."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"bhp","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"BHP mined 2,693 tU, 5% of the 60,213 tU world total in 2024; the ten largest producers made over 90% of output in 2022 and few match this scale. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Cameco says supply is not keeping pace and higher-cost projects come late due to lengthy development timelines (MD&A p.10, 15). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Civil stockpiles (about 42,000 tU US, 40,000 tU EU, 65,000 tonnes East Asia) cover only small gaps against needs near 69,000 tU a year (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"UxC estimates cumulative uncovered reactor requirements near 3.1 billion pounds U3O8 to 2045, so rival miners have no slack to take over volume (MD&A p.16). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"navoiyuran":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"navoiyuran","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: Kazatomprom 21%, Cameco 17%, Orano 11%, Uranium One 10%, CGN 10%, Navoi 7%, CNNC 6%, BHP 5%."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA (released 29 July 2026): US owners held 118 Mlb at end-2025 vs 46.9 Mlb bought that year, ~2.5 years."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/kazatomprom-to-lower-uranium-production-in-2026","date":"2025-08-22","support":"WNN: Kazatomprom's planned 2026 cut of about 3,000 tU, about 5% of world primary supply, is held back for market reasons."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"navoiyuran","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Navoi Mining mined 4,000 tU, 7% of the 60,213 tU world total in 2024; the ten largest producers made over 90% of output in 2022 and few match this scale. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Cameco says supply is not keeping pace and higher-cost projects come late due to lengthy development timelines (MD&A p.10, 15). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Civil stockpiles (about 42,000 tU US, 40,000 tU EU, 65,000 tonnes East Asia) cover only small gaps against needs near 69,000 tU a year (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"UxC estimates cumulative uncovered reactor requirements near 3.1 billion pounds U3O8 to 2045, so rival miners have no slack to take over volume (MD&A p.16). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"edf":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"edf","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA: 'utilities have limited choice in suppliers of fabricated fuel assemblies, especially for PWRs'."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA: Framatome, GNF, TVEL and Westinghouse are the four dominant fabricators."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/first-westinghouse-fuel-arrives-at-temelin-nuclear-power-plant","date":"2025-05-23","support":"WNN: ČEZ began diversifying in 2018, signed in 2022, got first Westinghouse fuel in 2025, needing a regulator permit."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA: LWR fabrication capacity 'considerably exceeds the demand' (about 7,000 t/yr needed)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"edf","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Framatome (EDF): Richland 1,200 + Romans 1,400 + Lingen 650 = 3,250 t/yr of 14,912 (WNA tables, summed by rater). WNA says utilities have limited choice of fuel suppliers, especially for PWRs, and the market is dominated by four LWR companies. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Fuel assemblies are designed for particular reactor types; Framatome's GAIA lead assemblies loaded in 2019 finished three cycles in Oct 2024. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/westinghouse-ready-to-supply-vver-440-fuel","date":"2018-03-13","support":"Westinghouse's VVER-440 fuel project began in Sept 2015, had its design approved in May 2017, and had no licence reported by March 2018. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA says LWR fabrication capacity worldwide considerably exceeds demand, so capacity gaps are small; the gap is in design-specific qualification (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]}}}}},"nacco":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"nacco","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/789933/000078993326000070/nacco-20251231.htm","date":"2026-03-04","support":"NACCO runs mines under exclusive contracts supplying 100% of adjacent plants' fuel (Business; date is the EDGAR posting date)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1064728/000106472826000006/btu-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-19","support":"Peabody's 10-K names Alliance, ACNR, Core, Eagle Summit, Foresight, Hallador, Kiewit and NTEC as competitors (Competition; date is the EDGAR posting date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/789933/000078993326000070/nacco-20251231.htm","date":"2026-03-04","support":"Customers fund all mine capital and operating costs, so another contract miner could take over the existing mine within months (5LayerCake inference)."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65787","date":"2025-07-23","support":"EIA: coal plants held about 93 days of burn in mid-2025 and are expected to hold 90-120 days through 2026."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/789933/000078993326000070/nacco-20251231.htm","date":"2026-03-04","support":"A successor operator would mine the same customer-funded lignite reserves; no capacity is lost (inference from the funding terms)."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA: 524 producing US mines in 2024; output 512.5 MMst against 832.8 MMst productive capacity."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"nacco","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/789933/000078993326000070/nacco-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02","support":"NACoal mines hold exclusive long-term contracts to supply 100% of the fuel of adjacent power plants (Item 1); few other mines suit those plants (inference). [date: month only; FY2025 10-K cover date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/789933/000078993326000070/nacco-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02","support":"The mines sit next to customer plants, are the most economical suppliers because of transport (Item 1, Competition); one contract runs to April 2032, so switching needs new rail supply and fuel testing (inference). [date: month only; FY2025 10-K cover date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"US mines had about 320 MMst of unused capacity in 2024 (832.8 vs 512.5 MMst), so supply exists, at a delivery-cost penalty (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"ge-vernova":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"ge-vernova","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA: 'utilities have limited choice in suppliers of fabricated fuel assemblies, especially for PWRs'."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA: Framatome, GNF, TVEL and Westinghouse are the four dominant fabricators."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/first-westinghouse-fuel-arrives-at-temelin-nuclear-power-plant","date":"2025-05-23","support":"WNN: ČEZ began diversifying in 2018, signed in 2022, got first Westinghouse fuel in 2025, needing a regulator permit."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA: LWR fabrication capacity 'considerably exceeds the demand' (about 7,000 t/yr needed)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"ge-vernova","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Global Nuclear Fuel (GE Vernova): Wilmington 1,000 + Japan 630 = 1,630 t/yr of 14,912, mostly BWR (WNA tables, summed by rater). WNA says utilities have limited choice of fuel suppliers, especially for PWRs, and the market is dominated by four LWR companies. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Fuel assemblies are designed for particular reactor types; Framatome's GAIA lead assemblies loaded in 2019 finished three cycles in Oct 2024. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/westinghouse-ready-to-supply-vver-440-fuel","date":"2018-03-13","support":"Westinghouse's VVER-440 fuel project began in Sept 2015, had its design approved in May 2017, and had no licence reported by March 2018. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA says LWR fabrication capacity worldwide considerably exceeds demand, so capacity gaps are small; the gap is in design-specific qualification (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]}}}}},"china-huaneng":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"china-huaneng","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia alone told 72 mines and Shanxi 98 mines to raise output, showing many alternative mines."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia let 72 mines lift output by 98.35 Mt; a trader expected two to three months to materialise."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"One region's 2021 emergency approvals (98.35 Mt) are of the order of this group's whole coal output (5LayerCake comparison)."},{"url":"https://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202601/t20260120_1962355.html","date":"2026-01-20","support":"NBS: China's raw coal output rose 1.2% to 4.83 billion tons in 2025 (Jan-Dec line), a record."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"china-huaneng","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"China produced a record 4.83 Gt in 2025 (NBS) and the world 9.1 Gt, so China Huaneng's tonnage is one of many producers' (steam-coal exporters also list Indonesia 391 Mt, Australia 202 Mt, Russia 152 Mt). [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://thecoalhub.com/ndrc-long-term-deals-to-cover-all-power-plant-coal-use.html","date":"2021-09-17","support":"China's planner (NDRC) pushed power plants to cover all annual coal use with medium- and long-term contracts (2021), so replacing China Huaneng means new contracts, a matter of months. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"China's net coal imports were 470 Mt in 2023 (Yicai); a producer the size of China Huaneng is covered by other domestic output and imports. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"solstice-nuclear":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"solstice-nuclear","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"conversion":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: UF6 output Cameco 11,375, CNNC 13,489, ConverDyn 6,370, Orano 13,650, Rosatom 11,375 tU."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: the Metropolis plant was shut from 2017 to July 2023, showing conversion capacity takes years to restore."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA table: Cameco and Orano have about 2,475 tU unused capacity against ConverDyn's 6,370 tU (5LayerCake arithmetic)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-03-19","support":"Cameco MD&A: conversion term prices reached historic highs in 2025 on demand for western conversion (date is the EDGAR posting date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"solstice-nuclear","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"conversion":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Only five primary converters operate (Cameco, CNNC, ConverDyn, Orano, Rosatom); ConverDyn (Metropolis; Solstice partner) holds 7,000 tU licensed, 11% of 62,000 tU. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Western utilities have sought to diversify away from Russian supply since 2022, narrowing the usable alternatives (WNA, enrichment page). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.ans.org/news/article-4909/on-the-verge-of-a-crisis-the-us-nuclear-fuel-gordian-knot/","date":"2023-04-14","support":"Experts called conversion expansion \"probably a four-year process\" (Who would be hit first? section). [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"ConverDyn's Metropolis plant stayed shut from 2017 to July 2023, showing how slowly capacity returns. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/conversion-and-deconversion","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Licensed capacity of 62,000 tU against 2024 UF6 output of 56,259 tU leaves about 5,700 tU of slack, less than any one converter's output (rater's subtraction; licensed capacity is not always usable). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"North American long-term conversion prices hit a record in 2025 on steady demand for western services (MD&A p.20). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"ntec":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"ntec","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1064728/000106472826000006/btu-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-19","support":"Peabody's 10-K names Alliance, ACNR, Core, Eagle Summit, Foresight, Hallador, Kiewit and NTEC as competitors (Competition; date is the EDGAR posting date)."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA: 524 producing US mines in 2024; output 512.5 MMst against 832.8 MMst productive capacity."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65787","date":"2025-07-23","support":"EIA: coal plants held about 93 days of burn in mid-2025 and are expected to hold 90-120 days through 2026."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA: 524 producing US mines in 2024; output 512.5 MMst against 832.8 MMst productive capacity."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"ntec","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA counted 524 producing US coal mines in 2024, so NTEC's power-coal volume sits in a market with many producers. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"2025 steam-coal exports came from 10+ countries (Indonesia 391 Mt, Australia 202, Russia 152, South Africa 72, Colombia 52, US 38; Table 2). [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=15551","date":"2014-03-25","support":"Over 80% of US generator coal is bought on multiyear contracts; buyers re-source mainly when contracts expire, so replacing NTEC takes months, not weeks (older EIA note). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"US mines' productive capacity was 832.8 MMst against 512.5 MMst produced in 2024, about 320 MMst of unused capacity (rater's subtraction). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"tc-energy":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"tc-energy","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachian supply depends on a few long-haul pipelines; evidence specific to TC Energy's systems is thin."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://le.utah.gov/interim/2026/pdf/00002719.pdf","date":"2026-06-17","support":"Kern River: incremental capacity is not immediately available; FERC approval may take up to two years or more (p. 6)."},{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2024/june/mountain-valley-pipeline-nears-completion-seeks-ferc-approval-for-june-11-start","date":"2024-06-10","support":"PGJ: Mountain Valley Pipeline construction began in 2018; it sought service in June 2024, cost $7.85 billion."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachian output growth was limited until MVP added capacity, showing spare long-haul capacity is scarce."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"tc-energy","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"EIA says Appalachian output growth is held back by limited pipeline takeaway capacity, so few routes can carry extra gas. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"A 950 MMcf/d Transco expansion announced in May 2025 is planned for Q3 2030, about five years out. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=62323","date":"2024-06-14","support":"Shippers hold long-term agreements covering Mountain Valley's full 2.0 Bcf/d capacity for at least 20 years. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"Even the largest system, Transco (about 10,000 miles), carries about 15% of US gas, so no single rival route replaces TC Energy's paths (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"enbridge":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"enbridge","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=51158","date":"2022-02-03","support":"EIA: New England depends on a few constrained interstate pipelines (pipeline owners not named in the source)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://le.utah.gov/interim/2026/pdf/00002719.pdf","date":"2026-06-17","support":"Kern River: incremental capacity is not immediately available; FERC approval may take up to two years or more (p. 6)."},{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2024/june/mountain-valley-pipeline-nears-completion-seeks-ferc-approval-for-june-11-start","date":"2024-06-10","support":"PGJ: Mountain Valley Pipeline construction began in 2018; it sought service in June 2024, cost $7.85 billion."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=51158","date":"2022-02-03","support":"EIA: pipeline constraints limited gas to New England power plants; oil-fired units restarted in January 2022."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"enbridge","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"EIA says Appalachian output growth is held back by limited pipeline takeaway capacity, so few routes can carry extra gas. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"A 950 MMcf/d Transco expansion announced in May 2025 is planned for Q3 2030, about five years out. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=62323","date":"2024-06-14","support":"Shippers hold long-term agreements covering Mountain Valley's full 2.0 Bcf/d capacity for at least 20 years. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"Even the largest system, Transco (about 10,000 miles), carries about 15% of US gas, so no single rival route replaces Enbridge's paths (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"eagle-specialty-materials":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"eagle-specialty-materials","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1064728/000106472826000006/btu-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-19","support":"Peabody's 10-K names Alliance, ACNR, Core, Eagle Summit, Foresight, Hallador, Kiewit and NTEC as competitors (Competition; date is the EDGAR posting date)."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA: 524 producing US mines in 2024; output 512.5 MMst against 832.8 MMst productive capacity."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65787","date":"2025-07-23","support":"EIA: coal plants held about 93 days of burn in mid-2025 and are expected to hold 90-120 days through 2026."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA: 524 producing US mines in 2024; output 512.5 MMst against 832.8 MMst productive capacity."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"eagle-specialty-materials","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA counted 524 producing US coal mines in 2024, so Eagle Specialty Materials's power-coal volume sits in a market with many producers. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"2025 steam-coal exports came from 10+ countries (Indonesia 391 Mt, Australia 202, Russia 152, South Africa 72, Colombia 52, US 38; Table 2). [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=15551","date":"2014-03-25","support":"Over 80% of US generator coal is bought on multiyear contracts; buyers re-source mainly when contracts expire, so replacing Eagle Specialty Materials takes months, not weeks (older EIA note). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"US mines' productive capacity was 832.8 MMst against 512.5 MMst produced in 2024, about 320 MMst of unused capacity (rater's subtraction). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"alliance-resource-partners":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"alliance-resource-partners","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1064728/000106472826000006/btu-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-19","support":"Peabody's 10-K names Alliance, ACNR, Core, Eagle Summit, Foresight, Hallador, Kiewit and NTEC as competitors (Competition; date is the EDGAR posting date)."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA: 524 producing US mines in 2024; output 512.5 MMst against 832.8 MMst productive capacity."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65787","date":"2025-07-23","support":"EIA: coal plants held about 93 days of burn in mid-2025 and are expected to hold 90-120 days through 2026."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA: 524 producing US mines in 2024; output 512.5 MMst against 832.8 MMst productive capacity."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"alliance-resource-partners","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA counted 524 producing US coal mines in 2024, so Alliance Resource Partners's power-coal volume sits in a market with many producers. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"2025 steam-coal exports came from 10+ countries (Indonesia 391 Mt, Australia 202, Russia 152, South Africa 72, Colombia 52, US 38; Table 2). [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=15551","date":"2014-03-25","support":"Over 80% of US generator coal is bought on multiyear contracts; buyers re-source mainly when contracts expire, so replacing Alliance Resource Partners takes months, not weeks (older EIA note). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"US mines' productive capacity was 832.8 MMst against 512.5 MMst produced in 2024, about 320 MMst of unused capacity (rater's subtraction). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"exxonmobil":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"exxonmobil","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachia, Permian and Haynesville supplied 67% of 2025 output, drawing on many producing companies."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: US marketed gas output rose 5.3 Bcf/d in one year to a record 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: US gas output set an all-time record in July 2026 as new pipelines eased Texas bottlenecks."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"exxonmobil","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"US marketed gas output was 113 Bcf/d in 2024 across Haynesville, Appalachia and other basins, with many operators besides ExxonMobil. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Gas is sold to any buyer at market hubs; EIA shows basin output adjusts over months, so a ExxonMobil-sized volume is replaced faster (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Producers cut Haynesville drilling in 2024 on low prices (14.6 Bcf/d, down 11%), so spare capacity can be brought back. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"spic":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"spic","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia alone told 72 mines and Shanxi 98 mines to raise output, showing many alternative mines."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia let 72 mines lift output by 98.35 Mt; a trader expected two to three months to materialise."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"One region's 2021 emergency approvals (98.35 Mt) are of the order of this group's whole coal output (5LayerCake comparison)."},{"url":"https://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202601/t20260120_1962355.html","date":"2026-01-20","support":"NBS: China's raw coal output rose 1.2% to 4.83 billion tons in 2025 (Jan-Dec line), a record."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"spic","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"China produced a record 4.83 Gt in 2025 (NBS) and the world 9.1 Gt, so SPIC's tonnage is one of many producers' (steam-coal exporters also list Indonesia 391 Mt, Australia 202 Mt, Russia 152 Mt). [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://thecoalhub.com/ndrc-long-term-deals-to-cover-all-power-plant-coal-use.html","date":"2021-09-17","support":"China's planner (NDRC) pushed power plants to cover all annual coal use with medium- and long-term contracts (2021), so replacing SPIC means new contracts, a matter of months. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"China's net coal imports were 470 Mt in 2023 (Yicai); a producer the size of SPIC is covered by other domestic output and imports. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"berkshire-hathaway-energy":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"berkshire-hathaway-energy","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://le.utah.gov/interim/2026/pdf/00002719.pdf","date":"2026-06-17","support":"Kern River (BHE) is a 1,755-mile, 2.17 Bcf/d line serving Utah, Nevada and California (p. 2)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://le.utah.gov/interim/2026/pdf/00002719.pdf","date":"2026-06-17","support":"Kern River: incremental capacity is not immediately available; FERC approval may take up to two years or more (p. 6)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://le.utah.gov/interim/2026/pdf/00002719.pdf","date":"2026-06-17","support":"Kern River: new capacity comes only through expiring contracts, capacity release or expansions (p. 6)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"berkshire-hathaway-energy","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"EIA says Appalachian output growth is held back by limited pipeline takeaway capacity, so few routes can carry extra gas. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"A 950 MMcf/d Transco expansion announced in May 2025 is planned for Q3 2030, about five years out. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=62323","date":"2024-06-14","support":"Shippers hold long-term agreements covering Mountain Valley's full 2.0 Bcf/d capacity for at least 20 years. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"Even the largest system, Transco (about 10,000 miles), carries about 15% of US gas, so no single rival route replaces BHE Gas Transmission's paths (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"chevron":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"chevron","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachia, Permian and Haynesville supplied 67% of 2025 output, drawing on many producing companies."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: US marketed gas output rose 5.3 Bcf/d in one year to a record 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: US gas output set an all-time record in July 2026 as new pipelines eased Texas bottlenecks."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"chevron","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"US marketed gas output was 113 Bcf/d in 2024 across Haynesville, Appalachia and other basins, with many operators besides Chevron. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Gas is sold to any buyer at market hubs; EIA shows basin output adjusts over months, so a Chevron-sized volume is replaced faster (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Producers cut Haynesville drilling in 2024 on low prices (14.6 Bcf/d, down 11%), so spare capacity can be brought back. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"acnr-holdings":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"acnr-holdings","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1064728/000106472826000006/btu-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-19","support":"Peabody's 10-K names Alliance, ACNR, Core, Eagle Summit, Foresight, Hallador, Kiewit and NTEC as competitors (Competition; date is the EDGAR posting date)."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA: 524 producing US mines in 2024; output 512.5 MMst against 832.8 MMst productive capacity."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65787","date":"2025-07-23","support":"EIA: coal plants held about 93 days of burn in mid-2025 and are expected to hold 90-120 days through 2026."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA: 524 producing US mines in 2024; output 512.5 MMst against 832.8 MMst productive capacity."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"acnr-holdings","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"EIA counted 524 producing US coal mines in 2024, so ACNR Holdings's power-coal volume sits in a market with many producers. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"2025 steam-coal exports came from 10+ countries (Indonesia 391 Mt, Australia 202, Russia 152, South Africa 72, Colombia 52, US 38; Table 2). [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=15551","date":"2014-03-25","support":"Over 80% of US generator coal is bought on multiyear contracts; buyers re-source mainly when contracts expire, so replacing ACNR Holdings takes months, not weeks (older EIA note). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/coal/annual/","date":"2025-11-19","support":"US mines' productive capacity was 832.8 MMst against 512.5 MMst produced in 2024, about 320 MMst of unused capacity (rater's subtraction). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"pipechina":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"pipechina","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/publications/reform-pipelines-pipechina-and-restructuring-china-s-natural-gas-market/","date":"2020-09-16","support":"CGEP: PipeChina takes over the NOCs' long-distance pipelines; local 'social pipelines' remain as partial alternatives."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/publications/reform-pipelines-pipechina-and-restructuring-china-s-natural-gas-market/","date":"2020-09-16","support":"CGEP: Beijing judged 'a pipeline monopoly will be more effective'; parallel trunk lines would take years (inference)."},{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2024/june/mountain-valley-pipeline-nears-completion-seeks-ferc-approval-for-june-11-start","date":"2024-06-10","support":"PGJ: Mountain Valley Pipeline construction began in 2018; it sought service in June 2024, cost $7.85 billion."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/publications/reform-pipelines-pipechina-and-restructuring-china-s-natural-gas-market/","date":"2020-09-16","support":"CGEP: PetroChina alone had owned 76% of China's gas pipelines before transfer to PipeChina."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"pipechina","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/PipeChina_CGEP_Commentary_091420.pdf","date":"2020-09","support":"China set up PipeChina in Dec 2019 as one national network company, taking pipelines, LNG terminals and storage from CNPC, Sinopec and CNOOC. [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/PipeChina_CGEP_Commentary_091420.pdf","date":"2020-09","support":"The three majors owned 17 of China's 22 LNG terminals in 2019; building a rival national trunk network would take years (2020 source; inference). [date: month only]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/PipeChina_CGEP_Commentary_091420.pdf","date":"2020-09","support":"PetroChina owned 76% of China's gas pipelines in 2019 before the transfer; no rival network at that scale exists (2020 source, thin on 2025). [date: month only]"}]}}}}},"conocophillips":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"conocophillips","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachia, Permian and Haynesville supplied 67% of 2025 output, drawing on many producing companies."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: US marketed gas output rose 5.3 Bcf/d in one year to a record 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: US gas output set an all-time record in July 2026 as new pipelines eased Texas bottlenecks."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"conocophillips","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"US marketed gas output was 113 Bcf/d in 2024 across Haynesville, Appalachia and other basins, with many operators besides ConocoPhillips. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Gas is sold to any buyer at market hubs; EIA shows basin output adjusts over months, so a ConocoPhillips-sized volume is replaced faster (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Producers cut Haynesville drilling in 2024 on low prices (14.6 Bcf/d, down 11%), so spare capacity can be brought back. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"coterra":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"coterra","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachia, Permian and Haynesville supplied 67% of 2025 output, drawing on many producing companies."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: US marketed gas output rose 5.3 Bcf/d in one year to a record 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: US gas output set an all-time record in July 2026 as new pipelines eased Texas bottlenecks."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"coterra","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"US marketed gas output was 113 Bcf/d in 2024 across Haynesville, Appalachia and other basins, with many operators besides Coterra. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Gas is sold to any buyer at market hubs; EIA shows basin output adjusts over months, so a Coterra-sized volume is replaced faster (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Producers cut Haynesville drilling in 2024 on low prices (14.6 Bcf/d, down 11%), so spare capacity can be brought back. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"oneok":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"oneok","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=63044","date":"2024-09-10","support":"EIA: Permian takeaway projects come from several developers (Whitewater, MPLX, Targa, ONEOK) plus existing operators."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1389170/000119312526059296/trgp-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-19","support":"Targa 10-K: three Permian plants started in 2025, six more due 2026-2027, so new plants take about 1-2 years (date is the EDGAR posting date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: new pipelines are easing Texas bottlenecks in 2026, though earlier shortfalls drove negative Waha prices."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=63044","date":"2024-09-10","support":"EIA: Waha prices were below zero on 46% of 2024 days when processing and takeaway lagged output."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"oneok","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/august/oneok-to-acquire-brazos-midstream-s-permian-assets-for-44-billion","date":"2026-08-31","support":"ONEOK agreed to buy Brazos' Midland Basin system, which shows several processors compete for dedicated acreage there (inference from the deal). [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/august/oneok-to-acquire-brazos-midstream-s-permian-assets-for-44-billion","date":"2026-08-31","support":"Gathering systems like ONEOK's run on long-term fixed-fee contracts; Brazos' 600,000 dedicated acres average over 12 years remaining. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/august/oneok-to-acquire-brazos-midstream-s-permian-assets-for-44-billion","date":"2026-08-31","support":"ONEOK's Cassidy II plant, due Q3 2027, lifts its Brazos Midland processing to 1.2 Bcf/d, so rivals add comparable plants in about two years (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"inner-mongolia-energy-group":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"inner-mongolia-energy-group","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia alone told 72 mines and Shanxi 98 mines to raise output, showing many alternative mines."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"Reuters: Inner Mongolia let 72 mines lift output by 98.35 Mt; a trader expected two to three months to materialise."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/10/08/amid-power-crunch-chinas-top-coal-region-tells-mines-to-boost-output-immediately","date":"2021-10-08","support":"One region's 2021 emergency approvals (98.35 Mt) are of the order of this group's whole coal output (5LayerCake comparison)."},{"url":"https://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202601/t20260120_1962355.html","date":"2026-01-20","support":"NBS: China's raw coal output rose 1.2% to 4.83 billion tons in 2025 (Jan-Dec line), a record."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"inner-mongolia-energy-group","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"coal":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://public.euracoal.eu/download/Public-Archive/Library/Market-Reports/EURACOAL-Market-Report-2026-1_v03-wep.pdf","date":"2026-05","support":"China produced a record 4.83 Gt in 2025 (NBS) and the world 9.1 Gt, so Inner Mongolia Energy Group's tonnage is one of many producers' (steam-coal exporters also list Indonesia 391 Mt, Australia 202 Mt, Russia 152 Mt). [date: month only]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://thecoalhub.com/ndrc-long-term-deals-to-cover-all-power-plant-coal-use.html","date":"2021-09-17","support":"China's planner (NDRC) pushed power plants to cover all annual coal use with medium- and long-term contracts (2021), so replacing Inner Mongolia Energy Group means new contracts, a matter of months. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-to-set-up-coal-capacity-reserve-system-to-enhance-supply-resilience","date":"2024-04-12","support":"China's net coal imports were 470 Mt in 2023 (Yicai); a producer the size of Inner Mongolia Energy Group is covered by other domestic output and imports. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"eog-resources":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"eog-resources","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachia, Permian and Haynesville supplied 67% of 2025 output, drawing on many producing companies."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: US marketed gas output rose 5.3 Bcf/d in one year to a record 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: US gas output set an all-time record in July 2026 as new pipelines eased Texas bottlenecks."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"eog-resources","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"US marketed gas output was 113 Bcf/d in 2024 across Haynesville, Appalachia and other basins, with many operators besides EOG. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Gas is sold to any buyer at market hubs; EIA shows basin output adjusts over months, so a EOG-sized volume is replaced faster (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Producers cut Haynesville drilling in 2024 on low prices (14.6 Bcf/d, down 11%), so spare capacity can be brought back. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"sonatrach":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"sonatrach","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"EIA: US LNG exports ran near maximum output in H1 2026 as Hormuz cut about 20% of global LNG."},{"url":"https://lngir.cheniere.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/345/cheniere-announces-substantial-completion-of-ccl-stage-3","date":"2026-08-31","support":"Cheniere says it has about 56 mtpa of LNG capacity in operation, one of several large sellers."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://aa.com.tr/en/economy/global-gas-market-to-stay-tight-through-2027-as-mideast-crisis-delays-lng-glut-iea/3916533","date":"2026-04-24","support":"IEA via AA: LNG market tight through 2027; losses only partly offset by other regions."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=52859","date":"2022-06-23","support":"EIA: after Freeport's 2022 fire, full service was not expected for about six months, showing replacement takes months."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://aa.com.tr/en/economy/global-gas-market-to-stay-tight-through-2027-as-mideast-crisis-delays-lng-glut-iea/3916533","date":"2026-04-24","support":"IEA via AA: LNG market tight through 2027; losses only partly offset by other regions."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"sonatrach","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_imports_of_energy_products_-_latest_developments","date":"2026-09","support":"EU buyers now draw LNG from the US (63.2%), Algeria (8.1%) and others, and pipeline gas from Norway (51.2%) and Algeria (18.2%) (Q2 2026): several qualified sources. [date: month only; data extracted Sept 2026]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Asian buyers competed for limited spot cargoes and US shipments to Asia roughly doubled in H1 2026, so Sonatrach's cargoes are re-sourced over months (inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"With about 20% of global LNG cut in March 2026, H1 prices averaged TTF $14.74 and JKM $15.56/MMBtu (a four-year high): a price rise, not an empty market, so a 1-1.5% supplier leaves a small gap (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"bp":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"bp","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachia, Permian and Haynesville supplied 67% of 2025 output, drawing on many producing companies."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: US marketed gas output rose 5.3 Bcf/d in one year to a record 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: US gas output set an all-time record in July 2026 as new pipelines eased Texas bottlenecks."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"bp","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"US marketed gas output was 113 Bcf/d in 2024 across Haynesville, Appalachia and other basins, with many operators besides BP. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Gas is sold to any buyer at market hubs; EIA shows basin output adjusts over months, so a BP-sized volume is replaced faster (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Producers cut Haynesville drilling in 2024 on low prices (14.6 Bcf/d, down 11%), so spare capacity can be brought back. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"targa":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"targa","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=63044","date":"2024-09-10","support":"EIA: Permian takeaway projects come from several developers (Whitewater, MPLX, Targa, ONEOK) plus existing operators."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1389170/000119312526059296/trgp-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-19","support":"Targa 10-K: three Permian plants started in 2025, six more due 2026-2027, so new plants take about 1-2 years (date is the EDGAR posting date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: new pipelines are easing Texas bottlenecks in 2026, though earlier shortfalls drove negative Waha prices."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=63044","date":"2024-09-10","support":"EIA: Waha prices were below zero on 46% of 2024 days when processing and takeaway lagged output."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"targa","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/august/oneok-to-acquire-brazos-midstream-s-permian-assets-for-44-billion","date":"2026-08-31","support":"ONEOK agreed to buy Brazos' Midland Basin system, which shows several processors compete for dedicated acreage there (inference from the deal). [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/august/oneok-to-acquire-brazos-midstream-s-permian-assets-for-44-billion","date":"2026-08-31","support":"Gathering systems like Targa's run on long-term fixed-fee contracts; Brazos' 600,000 dedicated acres average over 12 years remaining. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/august/oneok-to-acquire-brazos-midstream-s-permian-assets-for-44-billion","date":"2026-08-31","support":"ONEOK's Cassidy II plant, due Q3 2027, lifts its Brazos Midland processing to 1.2 Bcf/d, so rivals add comparable plants in about two years (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"mitsubishi-corporation":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"mitsubishi-corporation","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachia, Permian and Haynesville supplied 67% of 2025 output, drawing on many producing companies."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: US marketed gas output rose 5.3 Bcf/d in one year to a record 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: US gas output set an all-time record in July 2026 as new pipelines eased Texas bottlenecks."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"mitsubishi-corporation","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"US marketed gas output was 113 Bcf/d in 2024 across Haynesville, Appalachia and other basins, with many operators besides Mitsubishi (Adamas). [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Gas is sold to any buyer at market hubs; EIA shows basin output adjusts over months, so a Mitsubishi (Adamas)-sized volume is replaced faster (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Producers cut Haynesville drilling in 2024 on low prices (14.6 Bcf/d, down 11%), so spare capacity can be brought back. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"petronas":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"petronas","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"EIA: US LNG exports ran near maximum output in H1 2026 as Hormuz cut about 20% of global LNG."},{"url":"https://lngir.cheniere.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/345/cheniere-announces-substantial-completion-of-ccl-stage-3","date":"2026-08-31","support":"Cheniere says it has about 56 mtpa of LNG capacity in operation, one of several large sellers."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://aa.com.tr/en/economy/global-gas-market-to-stay-tight-through-2027-as-mideast-crisis-delays-lng-glut-iea/3916533","date":"2026-04-24","support":"IEA via AA: LNG market tight through 2027; losses only partly offset by other regions."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=52859","date":"2022-06-23","support":"EIA: after Freeport's 2022 fire, full service was not expected for about six months, showing replacement takes months."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://aa.com.tr/en/economy/global-gas-market-to-stay-tight-through-2027-as-mideast-crisis-delays-lng-glut-iea/3916533","date":"2026-04-24","support":"IEA via AA: LNG market tight through 2027; losses only partly offset by other regions."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"petronas","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_imports_of_energy_products_-_latest_developments","date":"2026-09","support":"EU buyers now draw LNG from the US (63.2%), Algeria (8.1%) and others, and pipeline gas from Norway (51.2%) and Algeria (18.2%) (Q2 2026): several qualified sources. [date: month only; data extracted Sept 2026]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Asian buyers competed for limited spot cargoes and US shipments to Asia roughly doubled in H1 2026, so Petronas's cargoes are re-sourced over months (inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"With about 20% of global LNG cut in March 2026, H1 prices averaged TTF $14.74 and JKM $15.56/MMBtu (a four-year high): a price rise, not an empty market, so a 1-1.5% supplier leaves a small gap (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"freeport-lng":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"freeport-lng","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=52859","date":"2022-06-23","support":"EIA: Freeport's ~2 Bcf/d was 17% of US LNG export capacity in 2022; several other US terminals operate."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=52859","date":"2022-06-23","support":"EIA: after the June 2022 fire, Freeport expected full service only in late 2022, about six months later."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"EIA: US LNG exports ran near maximum output in H1 2026 as Hormuz cut about 20% of global LNG."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"freeport-lng","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67484","date":"2026-04-16","support":"US peak LNG export capacity was 18.3 Bcf/d in April 2026, shared by a handful of terminals with new trains starting 2026-2027. [date: full date]"},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"US shipments to Asia roughly doubled in H1 2026 as Qatari supply was lost, so the US carried the replacement and few other exporters had spare volume (inference). [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"US LNG shipments to Asia roughly doubled in H1 2026, so cargoes can be re-sourced within months, but only from existing capacity; replacing Freeport LNG's output with new trains takes years. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67484","date":"2026-04-16","support":"US terminals are projected at 17.0 Bcf/d of exports against 18.3 Bcf/d capacity in 2026, only about 1.3 Bcf/d of slack, below the output of a top US exporter such as Freeport LNG (rater's subtraction; company volume not separately sourced). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"antero-resources":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"antero-resources","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachia, Permian and Haynesville supplied 67% of 2025 output, drawing on many producing companies."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: US marketed gas output rose 5.3 Bcf/d in one year to a record 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: US gas output set an all-time record in July 2026 as new pipelines eased Texas bottlenecks."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"antero-resources","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"US marketed gas output was 113 Bcf/d in 2024 across Haynesville, Appalachia and other basins, with many operators besides Antero. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Gas is sold to any buyer at market hubs; EIA shows basin output adjusts over months, so a Antero-sized volume is replaced faster (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Producers cut Haynesville drilling in 2024 on low prices (14.6 Bcf/d, down 11%), so spare capacity can be brought back. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"ascent-resources":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"ascent-resources","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachia, Permian and Haynesville supplied 67% of 2025 output, drawing on many producing companies."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: US marketed gas output rose 5.3 Bcf/d in one year to a record 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: US gas output set an all-time record in July 2026 as new pipelines eased Texas bottlenecks."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"ascent-resources","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"US marketed gas output was 113 Bcf/d in 2024 across Haynesville, Appalachia and other basins, with many operators besides Ascent. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Gas is sold to any buyer at market hubs; EIA shows basin output adjusts over months, so a Ascent-sized volume is replaced faster (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Producers cut Haynesville drilling in 2024 on low prices (14.6 Bcf/d, down 11%), so spare capacity can be brought back. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"shell":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"shell","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"EIA: US LNG exports ran near maximum output in H1 2026 as Hormuz cut about 20% of global LNG."},{"url":"https://lngir.cheniere.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/345/cheniere-announces-substantial-completion-of-ccl-stage-3","date":"2026-08-31","support":"Cheniere says it has about 56 mtpa of LNG capacity in operation, one of several large sellers."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"EIA: Asian buyers competed for limited spot cargoes in 2026; a spot market exists but is tight (evidence for Shell itself thin)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://aa.com.tr/en/economy/global-gas-market-to-stay-tight-through-2027-as-mideast-crisis-delays-lng-glut-iea/3916533","date":"2026-04-24","support":"IEA via AA: LNG market tight through 2027; losses only partly offset by other regions."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"shell","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_imports_of_energy_products_-_latest_developments","date":"2026-09","support":"EU buyers now draw LNG from the US (63.2%), Algeria (8.1%) and others, and pipeline gas from Norway (51.2%) and Algeria (18.2%) (Q2 2026): several qualified sources. [date: month only; data extracted Sept 2026]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Asian buyers competed for limited spot cargoes and US shipments to Asia roughly doubled in H1 2026, so Shell's cargoes are re-sourced over months (inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"With about 20% of global LNG cut in March 2026, H1 prices averaged TTF $14.74 and JKM $15.56/MMBtu (a four-year high): a price rise, not an empty market, so a 1-1.5% supplier leaves a small gap (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"range-resources":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"range-resources","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachia, Permian and Haynesville supplied 67% of 2025 output, drawing on many producing companies."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: US marketed gas output rose 5.3 Bcf/d in one year to a record 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: US gas output set an all-time record in July 2026 as new pipelines eased Texas bottlenecks."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"range-resources","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"US marketed gas output was 113 Bcf/d in 2024 across Haynesville, Appalachia and other basins, with many operators besides Range. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Gas is sold to any buyer at market hubs; EIA shows basin output adjusts over months, so a Range-sized volume is replaced faster (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Producers cut Haynesville drilling in 2024 on low prices (14.6 Bcf/d, down 11%), so spare capacity can be brought back. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"western-midstream":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"western-midstream","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=63044","date":"2024-09-10","support":"EIA: Permian takeaway projects come from several developers (Whitewater, MPLX, Targa, ONEOK) plus existing operators."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1389170/000119312526059296/trgp-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-19","support":"Targa 10-K: three Permian plants started in 2025, six more due 2026-2027, so new plants take about 1-2 years (date is the EDGAR posting date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: new pipelines are easing Texas bottlenecks in 2026, though earlier shortfalls drove negative Waha prices."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=63044","date":"2024-09-10","support":"EIA: Waha prices were below zero on 46% of 2024 days when processing and takeaway lagged output."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"western-midstream","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/august/oneok-to-acquire-brazos-midstream-s-permian-assets-for-44-billion","date":"2026-08-31","support":"ONEOK agreed to buy Brazos' Midland Basin system, which shows several processors compete for dedicated acreage there (inference from the deal). [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/august/oneok-to-acquire-brazos-midstream-s-permian-assets-for-44-billion","date":"2026-08-31","support":"Gathering systems like Western Midstream's run on long-term fixed-fee contracts; Brazos' 600,000 dedicated acres average over 12 years remaining. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/august/oneok-to-acquire-brazos-midstream-s-permian-assets-for-44-billion","date":"2026-08-31","support":"ONEOK's Cassidy II plant, due Q3 2027, lifts its Brazos Midland processing to 1.2 Bcf/d, so rivals add comparable plants in about two years (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"luan-chemical":{},"mplx":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"mplx","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=63044","date":"2024-09-10","support":"EIA: Permian takeaway projects come from several developers (Whitewater, MPLX, Targa, ONEOK) plus existing operators."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1389170/000119312526059296/trgp-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-19","support":"Targa 10-K: three Permian plants started in 2025, six more due 2026-2027, so new plants take about 1-2 years (date is the EDGAR posting date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: new pipelines are easing Texas bottlenecks in 2026, though earlier shortfalls drove negative Waha prices."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=63044","date":"2024-09-10","support":"EIA: Waha prices were below zero on 46% of 2024 days when processing and takeaway lagged output."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"mplx","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/august/oneok-to-acquire-brazos-midstream-s-permian-assets-for-44-billion","date":"2026-08-31","support":"ONEOK agreed to buy Brazos' Midland Basin system, which shows several processors compete for dedicated acreage there (inference from the deal). [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/august/oneok-to-acquire-brazos-midstream-s-permian-assets-for-44-billion","date":"2026-08-31","support":"Gathering systems like MPLX's run on long-term fixed-fee contracts; Brazos' 600,000 dedicated acres average over 12 years remaining. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/august/oneok-to-acquire-brazos-midstream-s-permian-assets-for-44-billion","date":"2026-08-31","support":"ONEOK's Cassidy II plant, due Q3 2027, lifts its Brazos Midland processing to 1.2 Bcf/d, so rivals add comparable plants in about two years (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"diamondback":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"diamondback","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachia, Permian and Haynesville supplied 67% of 2025 output, drawing on many producing companies."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: US marketed gas output rose 5.3 Bcf/d in one year to a record 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: US gas output set an all-time record in July 2026 as new pipelines eased Texas bottlenecks."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"diamondback","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"US marketed gas output was 113 Bcf/d in 2024 across Haynesville, Appalachia and other basins, with many operators besides Diamondback. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Gas is sold to any buyer at market hubs; EIA shows basin output adjusts over months, so a Diamondback-sized volume is replaced faster (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Producers cut Haynesville drilling in 2024 on low prices (14.6 Bcf/d, down 11%), so spare capacity can be brought back. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"occidental":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"occidental","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: Appalachia, Permian and Haynesville supplied 67% of 2025 output, drawing on many producing companies."},{"url":"https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2734930-eqt-charts-path-back-to-top-us-gas-producer-spot","date":"2025-09-23","support":"Argus: Expand (7.2 Bcfe/d) and EQT (6.2 Bcf/d) were the two largest US gas producers in Q2 2025, each about 6% of output."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=67345","date":"2026-03-13","support":"EIA: US marketed gas output rose 5.3 Bcf/d in one year to a record 118.5 Bcf/d in 2025."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: US gas output set an all-time record in July 2026 as new pipelines eased Texas bottlenecks."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"occidental","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-production":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"US marketed gas output was 113 Bcf/d in 2024 across Haynesville, Appalachia and other basins, with many operators besides Occidental. [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Gas is sold to any buyer at market hubs; EIA shows basin output adjusts over months, so a Occidental-sized volume is replaced faster (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Producers cut Haynesville drilling in 2024 on low prices (14.6 Bcf/d, down 11%), so spare capacity can be brought back. [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"huadian":{},"foresight-energy":{},"nuclear-fuel-complex":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"nuclear-fuel-complex","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/india","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: DAE's NFC in Hyderabad produces the fuel for India's PHWRs; TVEL supplies pellets only."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/india","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: NFC-Kota only started in May 2026; a third 1,250 t/yr plant is still planned."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/india","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: no other supplier fabricates India's PHWR fuel; foreign joint ventures are only proposed."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"nuclear-fuel-complex","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Nuclear Fuel Complex (India): 1,000 t/yr PHWR plus 48 t/yr LWR (WNA tables, summed by rater). WNA says utilities have limited choice of fuel suppliers, especially for PWRs, and the market is dominated by four LWR companies. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA lists seven PHWR/CANDU fabricators, but each customer's design is licensed to specific vendors (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Fuel assemblies are designed for particular reactor types; Framatome's GAIA lead assemblies loaded in 2019 finished three cycles in Oct 2024. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/westinghouse-ready-to-supply-vver-440-fuel","date":"2018-03-13","support":"Westinghouse's VVER-440 fuel project began in Sept 2015, had its design approved in May 2017, and had no licence reported by March 2018. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA says LWR fabrication capacity worldwide considerably exceeds demand, so capacity gaps are small; the gap is in design-specific qualification (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]}}}},"reconciled":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"nuclear-fuel-complex","rater":"reconciled","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/india","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: NFC Hyderabad makes the fuel for India's 220 MWe PHWRs and the Tarapur BWRs; TVEL's contract is for pellets that NFC assembles (Fuel fabrication; Tarapur sections). [full date: page 'Updated' line]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/india","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: joint ventures with US, French and Russian companies \"have been proposed\" for the 700 MWe units' fuel; none is operating. [full date: page 'Updated' line]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA: fuel assemblies are \"made to each customer's individual specifications\" and licensing; Table 2 lists six other PHWR fabricators, none named as India's fabricator in WNA's India profile (Cameco there supplies only concentrate). [full date: page 'Updated' line]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/india","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: NFC-Kota, approved in March 2014, started operation only in May 2026; a third 1,250 t/yr plant is still planned. [full date: page 'Updated' line]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/india","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: the Kaiga units \"are not under UN safeguards, so cannot use imported uranium\"; eight reactors use indigenous uranium. [full date: page 'Updated' line]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA Table 2: Canada's Cameco Port Hope 1,650 and BWXT 1,200 t/yr are the largest PHWR plants; NFC Hyderabad 1,000 t/yr. [full date: page 'Updated' line]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/canada-nuclear-power","date":"2026-09-13","support":"WNA: Ontario's two fuel plants process some 1,900 tU a year, mainly for domestic CANDUs, leaving about 950 t/yr spare (5LayerCake arithmetic). [full date: page 'Updated' line]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/india","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: NFC produces 1,500 t/yr; in 2017 eight reactors (2,400 MWe) ran on indigenous uranium, which foreign fuel cannot serve. [full date: page 'Updated' line]"}]}}}}},"glencore":{},"suek":{},"novatek":{},"enterprise-products":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"enterprise-products","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=63044","date":"2024-09-10","support":"EIA: Permian takeaway projects come from several developers (Whitewater, MPLX, Targa, ONEOK) plus existing operators."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1389170/000119312526059296/trgp-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-19","support":"Targa 10-K: three Permian plants started in 2025, six more due 2026-2027, so new plants take about 1-2 years (date is the EDGAR posting date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: new pipelines are easing Texas bottlenecks in 2026, though earlier shortfalls drove negative Waha prices."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=63044","date":"2024-09-10","support":"EIA: Waha prices were below zero on 46% of 2024 days when processing and takeaway lagged output."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"enterprise-products","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/august/oneok-to-acquire-brazos-midstream-s-permian-assets-for-44-billion","date":"2026-08-31","support":"ONEOK agreed to buy Brazos' Midland Basin system, which shows several processors compete for dedicated acreage there (inference from the deal). [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/august/oneok-to-acquire-brazos-midstream-s-permian-assets-for-44-billion","date":"2026-08-31","support":"Gathering systems like Enterprise Products's run on long-term fixed-fee contracts; Brazos' 600,000 dedicated acres average over 12 years remaining. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2026/august/oneok-to-acquire-brazos-midstream-s-permian-assets-for-44-billion","date":"2026-08-31","support":"ONEOK's Cassidy II plant, due Q3 2027, lifts its Brazos Midland processing to 1.2 Bcf/d, so rivals add comparable plants in about two years (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"cnx-resources":{},"saudi-aramco":{},"huaihe-energy":{},"henan-energy":{},"inner-mongolia-yitai":{},"comstock-resources":{},"devon":{},"hilcorp":{},"totalenergies":{},"bumi-resources":{},"woodside":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"woodside","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"EIA: US LNG exports ran near maximum output in H1 2026 as Hormuz cut about 20% of global LNG."},{"url":"https://lngir.cheniere.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/345/cheniere-announces-substantial-completion-of-ccl-stage-3","date":"2026-08-31","support":"Cheniere says it has about 56 mtpa of LNG capacity in operation, one of several large sellers."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://aa.com.tr/en/economy/global-gas-market-to-stay-tight-through-2027-as-mideast-crisis-delays-lng-glut-iea/3916533","date":"2026-04-24","support":"IEA via AA: LNG market tight through 2027; losses only partly offset by other regions."},{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=52859","date":"2022-06-23","support":"EIA: after Freeport's 2022 fire, full service was not expected for about six months, showing replacement takes months."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://aa.com.tr/en/economy/global-gas-market-to-stay-tight-through-2027-as-mideast-crisis-delays-lng-glut-iea/3916533","date":"2026-04-24","support":"IEA via AA: LNG market tight through 2027; losses only partly offset by other regions."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"woodside","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=EU_imports_of_energy_products_-_latest_developments","date":"2026-09","support":"EU buyers now draw LNG from the US (63.2%), Algeria (8.1%) and others, and pipeline gas from Norway (51.2%) and Algeria (18.2%) (Q2 2026): several qualified sources. [date: month only; data extracted Sept 2026]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Asian buyers competed for limited spot cargoes and US shipments to Asia roughly doubled in H1 2026, so Woodside's cargoes are re-sourced over months (inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68064","date":"2026-09-01","support":"With about 20% of global LNG cut in March 2026, H1 prices averaged TTF $14.74 and JKM $15.56/MMBtu (a four-year high): a price rise, not an empty market, so a 1-1.5% supplier leaves a small gap (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"ovintiv":{},"vistra":{},"kepco":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"kepco","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-o-s/south-korea","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA: KEPCO NF has 700 t/yr PWR and 400 t/yr Candu capacity and supplies all of KHNP's needs."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/first-westinghouse-fuel-arrives-at-temelin-nuclear-power-plant","date":"2025-05-23","support":"WNN: ČEZ began diversifying in 2018, signed in 2022, got first Westinghouse fuel in 2025, needing a regulator permit."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA: LWR fabrication capacity 'considerably exceeds the demand' (about 7,000 t/yr needed)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"kepco","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"KEPCO Nuclear Fuel: 900 t/yr LWR plus 400 t/yr PHWR (WNA tables, summed by rater). WNA says utilities have limited choice of fuel suppliers, especially for PWRs, and the market is dominated by four LWR companies. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Fuel assemblies are designed for particular reactor types; Framatome's GAIA lead assemblies loaded in 2019 finished three cycles in Oct 2024. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/westinghouse-ready-to-supply-vver-440-fuel","date":"2018-03-13","support":"Westinghouse's VVER-440 fuel project began in Sept 2015, had its design approved in May 2017, and had no licence reported by March 2018. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA says LWR fabrication capacity worldwide considerably exceeds demand, so capacity gaps are small; the gap is in design-specific qualification (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]}}}}},"singareni-collieries":{},"turkmengaz":{},"banpu":{},"national-fuel-gas":{},"equinor":{},"adaro-andalan":{},"shanxi-coking-coal":{},"boardwalk":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"boardwalk","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: new Texas pipelines (e.g. Hugh Brinson) are adding Gulf Coast capacity; evidence specific to Boardwalk is thin."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://le.utah.gov/interim/2026/pdf/00002719.pdf","date":"2026-06-17","support":"Kern River: incremental capacity is not immediately available; FERC approval may take up to two years or more (p. 6)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=68225","date":"2026-10-02","support":"EIA: new pipeline infrastructure is easing long-standing Texas transport bottlenecks in 2026."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"boardwalk","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"gas-transport":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"EIA notes limited takeaway capacity out of constrained basins, so shippers have few comparable routes (thin evidence for Boardwalk's corridors). [date: full date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://pgjonline.com/news/2025/may/williams-plans-new-transco-expansion-to-serve-power-hungry-virginia","date":"2025-05-20","support":"A new 950 MMcf/d expansion on Transco takes about five years to plan (May 2025 to Q3 2030); smaller loops are quicker (inference). [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65025","date":"2025-04-17","support":"Boardwalk's corridors are less takeaway-constrained than Appalachia, so neighbouring systems can absorb more volume (rater's inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"bwxt":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"bwxt","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/canada-nuclear-power","date":"2026-09-13","support":"WNA: two Ontario plants make Canada's Candu fuel; the other plant is the only domestic alternative."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/canada-nuclear-power","date":"2026-09-13","support":"WNA: Candu fuel bundles are made domestically for Canada's reactors; the other plant would need to qualify and expand (thin evidence)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/canada-nuclear-power","date":"2026-09-13","support":"WNA: the two Ontario plants process about 1,900 tU a year, mainly for domestic Candu reactors."},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA PHWR table: Cameco 1,650 and BWXT 1,200 t/yr; Cameco's 1,650 t/yr alone falls short of 1,900."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"bwxt","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"BWXT (Toronto, Peterborough): 1,200 t/yr of PHWR fuel (WNA tables, summed by rater). WNA says utilities have limited choice of fuel suppliers, especially for PWRs, and the market is dominated by four LWR companies. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA lists seven PHWR/CANDU fabricators, but each customer's design is licensed to specific vendors (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Fuel assemblies are designed for particular reactor types; Framatome's GAIA lead assemblies loaded in 2019 finished three cycles in Oct 2024. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/westinghouse-ready-to-supply-vver-440-fuel","date":"2018-03-13","support":"Westinghouse's VVER-440 fuel project began in Sept 2015, had its design approved in May 2017, and had no licence reported by March 2018. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA says LWR fabrication capacity worldwide considerably exceeds demand, so capacity gaps are small; the gap is in design-specific qualification (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]}}}}},"bayan-resources":{},"westmoreland-mining":{},"prairie-state":{},"rosneft":{},"kiewit":{},"adnoc":{},"global-mining-group":{},"rwe":{},"eni":{},"paladin-energy":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"paladin-energy","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: ten companies each produce over 1,800 tU; this company is among the smaller producers or in 'Other'."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA (released 29 July 2026): US owners held 118 Mlb at end-2025 vs 46.9 Mlb bought that year, ~2.5 years."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/kazatomprom-to-lower-uranium-production-in-2026","date":"2025-08-22","support":"WNN: Kazatomprom's planned 2026 cut of about 3,000 tU, about 5% of world primary supply, is held back for market reasons."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"paladin-energy","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Paladin is not among the ten largest producers (the WNA list ends at General Atomics/Quasar, 1,808 tU, 3%), so its share is under 3% of 60,213 tU. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Civil stockpiles of about 42,000 tU (US) and 40,000 tU (EU) can bridge a supplier under 3% of output for months (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Supply is tight overall (MD&A p.10), but a producer under 3% of output leaves only a small gap (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"sinopec":{},"cnooc":{},"pge-polska":{},"energy-fuels":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"energy-fuels","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: ten companies each produce over 1,800 tU; this company is among the smaller producers or in 'Other'."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA (released 29 July 2026): US owners held 118 Mlb at end-2025 vs 46.9 Mlb bought that year, ~2.5 years."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/kazatomprom-to-lower-uranium-production-in-2026","date":"2025-08-22","support":"WNN: Kazatomprom's planned 2026 cut of about 3,000 tU, about 5% of world primary supply, is held back for market reasons."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"energy-fuels","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Energy Fuels is not among the ten largest producers (the WNA list ends at General Atomics/Quasar, 1,808 tU, 3%), so its share is under 3% of 60,213 tU. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Civil stockpiles of about 42,000 tU (US) and 40,000 tU (EU) can bridge a supplier under 3% of output for months (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Supply is tight overall (MD&A p.10), but a producer under 3% of output leaves only a small gap (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"nnpc":{},"eps-serbia":{},"leag":{},"nlc-india":{},"ur-energy":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"ur-energy","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"WNA 2024 table: ten companies each produce over 1,800 tU; this company is among the smaller producers or in 'Other'."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/uranium/marketing/index.php","date":"2026-07-29","support":"EIA (released 29 July 2026): US owners held 118 Mlb at end-2025 vs 46.9 Mlb bought that year, ~2.5 years."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/kazatomprom-to-lower-uranium-production-in-2026","date":"2025-08-22","support":"WNN: Kazatomprom's planned 2026 cut of about 3,000 tU, about 5% of world primary supply, is held back for market reasons."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"ur-energy","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"uranium-mining":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production","date":"2026-10-23","support":"Ur-Energy is not among the ten largest producers (the WNA list ends at General Atomics/Quasar, 1,808 tU, 3%), so its share is under 3% of 60,213 tU. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/uranium-resources/supply-of-uranium","date":"2026-09-29","support":"Civil stockpiles of about 42,000 tU (US) and 40,000 tU (EU) can bridge a supplier under 3% of output for months (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1009001/000119312526116229/d34605dex993.htm","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Supply is tight overall (MD&A p.10), but a producer under 3% of output leaves only a small gap (inference). [date: full date]"}]}}}}},"inpex":{},"nuclear-fuel-industries":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"nuclear-fuel-industries","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/japan-nuclear-fuel-cycle","date":"2026-07-03","support":"WNA: Japan's fabricators are MNF (440 tU/yr, PWR and BWR), NFI (284 and 250 tU/yr) and GNF-J (750 tU/yr, BWR)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/japan-nuclear-fuel-cycle","date":"2026-07-03","support":"WNA: MNF and GNF-J already make fuel for the same Japanese reactor types, shortening any switch (5LayerCake inference)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/japan-nuclear-fuel-cycle","date":"2026-07-03","support":"WNA capacities: MNF 440 and GNF-J 750 tU/yr against NFI's 534 tU/yr (5LayerCake comparison)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"energy-fuel","entityId":"nuclear-fuel-industries","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-23","functions":{"fuel-fabrication":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Nuclear Fuel Industries (Japan): PWR 284 + BWR 250 = 534 t/yr (WNA tables, summed by rater). WNA says utilities have limited choice of fuel suppliers, especially for PWRs, and the market is dominated by four LWR companies. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"Fuel assemblies are designed for particular reactor types; Framatome's GAIA lead assemblies loaded in 2019 finished three cycles in Oct 2024. [date: page 'Updated' header date]"},{"url":"https://world-nuclear-news.org/articles/westinghouse-ready-to-supply-vver-440-fuel","date":"2018-03-13","support":"Westinghouse's VVER-440 fuel project began in Sept 2015, had its design approved in May 2017, and had no licence reported by March 2018. [date: full date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/fuel-fabrication","date":"2026-08-04","support":"WNA says LWR fabrication capacity worldwide considerably exceeds demand, so capacity gaps are small; the gap is in design-specific qualification (inference). [date: page 'Updated' header date]"}]}}}}},"sempra":{},"centrus":{}},"validation":[]}