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Omitted: the free-text notes of the internal check passes and of rating reconciliations, and the location of the internal card review; references to local evidence files and to internal method decisions are replaced by plain descriptions.","roster":{"members":[{"entityId":"sk-hynix","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"samsung-electronics","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"micron","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"kioxia","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"cxmt","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"sandisk","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"union-memory","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"phison","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"nanya-technology","slot":"rising","since":"2026-10-22"},{"entityId":"dapustor","slot":"importance","since":"2026-10-22"}],"pending":{},"lastRun":"2026-10-22"},"card":{"schema":"5lc-index-card/1","key":"chips-memory","layer":"chips","sublayer":"memory","version":1,"scope":"Memory and storage bought for AI servers and the storage systems attached to them: HBM, conventional server DRAM, data-centre SSDs, and the merchant chips that interface or control them; HBM stacking by memory makers counts here and placing HBM beside the processor counts in Packaging; HBM base dies made by foundries also count in Foundry's wafer measure; hard drives, non-AI servers and module assembly from purchased chips are outside this sublayer.","outputMeasure":"Spending on memory and storage for AI servers over the four quarters to June 2026: HBM, host DRAM, data-centre SSDs, and their interface and controller chips.","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","hardToReplace":"Only three companies make HBM at volume, and a new HBM or server DRAM source needs years of process work and qualification. 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hynix","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"low":49.12,"central":49.12,"high":49.12,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global HBM Market Share by Revenue Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2026 column: SK Hynix 50%"},"note":"Counterpoint's Q2 2026 HBM revenue shares are whole numbers that sum to 101% (SK hynix 50, Samsung 33, Micron 18). To keep the part within 100% the three are scaled by (100 − 0.78)/101 = 0.98238, where 0.78 points are 5LayerCake's estimates of output outside Counterpoint's three suppliers (Huawei's in-house memory 0.58, CXMT 0.20). The rescaling is smaller than the T4 band. SK hynix: 50 × 0.98238 = 49.12. Conflicting observation: IDC puts SK hynix at 56.4% of HBM revenue in Q1 2026 (SK hynix ADS prospectus, https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/2120882/000119312526299963/d32785d424b4.htm, 'Business', T4 by IDC). It is a different quarter and a different tracker, so Counterpoint's 50% stays as central for consistency across suppliers."},"server-dram":{"low":25,"central":25,"high":25,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of total DRAM revenue in US dollars (all applications; HBM inclusion not stated), Q2 2026","offBasis":true,"period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global DRAM Market Share by Revenue, Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2026 column: SK Hynix 25%"},"note":"Counterpoint gives total DRAM revenue shares by supplier, not server DRAM shares, and does not say whether HBM is included; used as the card's labelled stand-in (shareData), flagged off-basis. TrendForce's 2Q26 ranking gives 24.9%. HBM is a larger part of SK hynix's DRAM revenue than of its rivals', so its share of conventional server DRAM is probably lower than 25%. IDC puts SK hynix at 29.1% of DRAM revenue (including HBM) in Q1 2026 (same prospectus), against Counterpoint's 25% for Q2 2026; the off-basis widening covers the gap."},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":21.1,"central":21.1,"high":21.1,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","title":"Higher Prices and Shipments Drive Top Five Enterprise SSD Vendors' Revenue to Nearly US$37.59 Billion in 2Q26, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-01","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"SK hynix Group (with Solidigm) 'exceeding $8.63 billion in 2Q26'; share = 8.63 / 40.9"},"note":"SK hynix Group revenue, including Solidigm (consolidated in the register), of more than US$8.63bn divided by TrendForce's whole-market US$40.9bn (RP260826DG) = 21.10%. TrendForce gives the figure as a lower bound ('exceeding')."},"interfaces-controllers":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.skhynix.com/","title":"SK hynix","publisher":"SK hynix","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product categories: DRAM, CMM, SSD, NAND Storage, MCP; no merchant memory-interface or SSD-controller chips. In-house SSD controllers count inside the SSD part."}}},"priorShares":{"hbm":{"low":64,"central":64,"high":64,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global HBM Market Share by Revenue Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2025 column: SK Hynix 64%"},"note":"Counterpoint's Q2 2025 HBM table lists only SK Hynix 64, Samsung 15 and Micron 21 (sum 100); Huawei and CXMT had no share then. Same source and series as the Q2 2026 share."},"server-dram":{"low":39,"central":39,"high":39,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of total DRAM revenue in US dollars (all applications; HBM inclusion not stated), Q2 2025","offBasis":true,"period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global DRAM Market Share by Revenue, Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2025 column: SK Hynix 39%"},"note":"Counterpoint total-DRAM revenue share used as the card's labelled stand-in (same as the Q2 2026 share). TrendForce's 2Q25 ranking (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250902-12694.html) gives SK hynix 38.7%."},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":26.67,"central":26.67,"high":26.67,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250908-12703.html","title":"AI and General Server Demand Drive 2Q25 Enterprise SSD Revenue Up 12.7%, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2025-09-08","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"SK Group (SK hynix + Solidigm) $1.46 billion; Kioxia share 13.7%"},"note":"SK hynix Group (with Solidigm): US$1460m / US$5474m = 26.67%. TrendForce's 2Q25 release gives top-five revenue (Samsung about US$1.9bn, SK Group US$1.46bn, Micron US$784.6m, Kioxia US$750m, SanDisk about US$213m) and Kioxia's market share of 13.7%, which puts the whole 2Q25 enterprise SSD market at 750 / 0.137 = US$5,474m (the top five are then 93.3% of it, against 91.9% in 2Q26). Same method as the Q2 2026 share (company revenue divided by the whole market), so the two quarters compare. Revenues are rounded in the source, so each share carries about 0.5 points of rounding. TrendForce gives SK Group (SK hynix plus Solidigm) 2Q25 revenue of $1.46bn, up 47.1% QoQ."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":47220000000,"central":47220000000,"high":47220000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Revenue from DRAM (all uses, including HBM) plus enterprise SSDs, calendar quarter, US dollars (TrendForce estimates)","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","title":"DRAM Industry Revenue Rises 59.5% QoQ in 2Q26 as Supply Expansion Continues to Lag Demand Growth, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-07","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"SK hynix 2Q26 DRAM revenue $38.59bn, 24.9% share"},"note":"SK hynix 2Q26: DRAM US$38.59bn (this source) plus SK hynix Group enterprise SSD 'exceeding $8.63 billion' (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html) = US$47.22bn, a lower bound because TrendForce says 'exceeding'. It includes non-AI DRAM, which makes it a proxy."},"prior":{"low":13690000000,"central":13690000000,"high":13690000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Revenue from DRAM (all uses, including HBM) plus enterprise SSDs, calendar quarter, US dollars (TrendForce estimates)","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250902-12694.html","title":"2Q25 DRAM Revenue Jumps 17.1%, SK hynix Expands Market Share as Taiwanese Vendors Deliver Strong Growth, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2025-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"SK hynix 2Q25 DRAM revenue $12.23bn, 38.7% share"},"note":"SK hynix 2Q25: DRAM US$12.23bn (this source) plus SK Group enterprise SSD US$1.46bn (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250908-12703.html) = US$13.69bn. Growth 47.22 / 13.69 = 3.45 times; the engine clamps growth at +300%."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":68350000000,"central":68350000000,"high":68350000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/2120882/000119312526299963/d32785d424b4.htm","title":"SK hynix Inc. prospectus, 17,790,000 common shares represented by American Depositary Shares (Form 424B4)","publisher":"SK hynix Inc.","publishedDate":"2026-07-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"MD&A, Results of Operations 2025 compared to 2024: revenue W97,147 billion (2024: W66,193 billion)"},"note":"Total SK hynix revenue (DRAM and NAND flash; the company's memory business), converted at the CY2025 average of KRW 1421.4 per US$: 97,147bn / 1421.4 = US$68.35bn. Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ko.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: KRW 1,421.40 per US$ in CY2025. "},"screening":{"hbm":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5},"server-dram":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"cd3b4fc1b38f2fd4602ba6e97525bc5edb2ac1bd6985623dc012ba340556aa65"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"cd3b4fc1b38f2fd4602ba6e97525bc5edb2ac1bd6985623dc012ba340556aa65"}}},"samsung-electronics":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"samsung-electronics","name":"Samsung Electronics (Memory Business)","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"low":32.42,"central":32.42,"high":32.42,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global HBM Market Share by Revenue Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2026 column: Samsung 33%"},"note":"Counterpoint's Q2 2026 HBM revenue shares are whole numbers that sum to 101% (SK hynix 50, Samsung 33, Micron 18). To keep the part within 100% the three are scaled by (100 − 0.78)/101 = 0.98238, where 0.78 points are 5LayerCake's estimates of output outside Counterpoint's three suppliers (Huawei's in-house memory 0.58, CXMT 0.20). The rescaling is smaller than the T4 band. Samsung: 33 × 0.98238 = 32.42. Counterpoint (T4) is the producer of the share."},"server-dram":{"low":38,"central":38,"high":38,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of total DRAM revenue in US dollars (all applications; HBM inclusion not stated), Q2 2026","offBasis":true,"period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global DRAM Market Share by Revenue, Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2026 column: Samsung 38%"},"note":"Counterpoint gives total DRAM revenue shares by supplier, not server DRAM shares, and does not say whether HBM is included; used as the card's labelled stand-in (shareData), flagged off-basis. TrendForce's 2Q26 DRAM ranking (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html) gives Samsung 39.4% of US$154.73bn, inside the band."},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":35.09,"central":35.09,"high":35.09,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","title":"Higher Prices and Shipments Drive Top Five Enterprise SSD Vendors' Revenue to Nearly US$37.59 Billion in 2Q26, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-01","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Samsung 'approximately $14.35 billion' in 2Q26; share = 14.35 / 40.9"},"note":"Samsung's 2Q26 enterprise SSD revenue of about US$14.35bn (TrendForce release) divided by TrendForce's whole-market US$40.9bn for 2Q26 (report page RP260826DG, https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260826DG) = 35.09%. Both figures are TrendForce estimates (T4). The card assumes AI buyers' supplier mix matches the whole enterprise SSD market."},"interfaces-controllers":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://semiconductor.samsung.com/dram/","title":"DRAM | Memory | Samsung Semiconductor Global","publisher":"Samsung Electronics","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Memory product types: DRAM (DDR, HBM, GDDR, LPDDR), SSD, eStorage, CXL Memory, MCP; no merchant memory-interface or SSD-controller chips. Samsung's in-house SSD controllers count inside the SSD part; 'Memory Power IC' is listed under System LSI's Power IC, outside the Memory Business scored here."}}},"priorShares":{"hbm":{"low":15,"central":15,"high":15,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global HBM Market Share by Revenue Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2025 column: Samsung 15%"},"note":"Counterpoint's Q2 2025 HBM table lists only SK Hynix 64, Samsung 15 and Micron 21 (sum 100), so no rescaling is needed and Huawei and CXMT had no share then. Same source and series as the Q2 2026 share. Counterpoint (T4) produced the share."},"server-dram":{"low":33,"central":33,"high":33,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of total DRAM revenue in US dollars (all applications; HBM inclusion not stated), Q2 2025","offBasis":true,"period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global DRAM Market Share by Revenue, Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2025 column: Samsung 33%"},"note":"Counterpoint total-DRAM revenue share used as the card's labelled stand-in (same as the Q2 2026 share). TrendForce's 2Q25 ranking (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250902-12694.html) gives Samsung 32.7%, inside the band."},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":34.71,"central":34.71,"high":34.71,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250908-12703.html","title":"AI and General Server Demand Drive 2Q25 Enterprise SSD Revenue Up 12.7%, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2025-09-08","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Samsung 'revenue holding steady at $1.9 billion'; Kioxia share 13.7%"},"note":"Samsung: US$1900m / US$5474m = 34.71%. TrendForce's 2Q25 release gives top-five revenue (Samsung about US$1.9bn, SK Group US$1.46bn, Micron US$784.6m, Kioxia US$750m, SanDisk about US$213m) and Kioxia's market share of 13.7%, which puts the whole 2Q25 enterprise SSD market at 750 / 0.137 = US$5,474m (the top five are then 93.3% of it, against 91.9% in 2Q26). Same method as the Q2 2026 share (company revenue divided by the whole market), so the two quarters compare. Revenues are rounded in the source, so each share carries about 0.5 points of rounding. TrendForce gives Samsung's 2Q25 revenue as 'holding steady at $1.9 billion'."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":75330000000,"central":75330000000,"high":75330000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Revenue from DRAM (all uses, including HBM) plus enterprise SSDs, calendar quarter, US dollars (TrendForce estimates)","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","title":"DRAM Industry Revenue Rises 59.5% QoQ in 2Q26 as Supply Expansion Continues to Lag Demand Growth, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-07","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Samsung 2Q26 DRAM revenue $60.98bn, 39.4% share"},"note":"Samsung 2Q26: DRAM US$60.98bn (this source) plus enterprise SSD approximately US$14.35bn (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html) = US$75.33bn. Samsung does not report its Memory Business revenue separately (Blocks & Files, 29 Jan 2026, https://blocksandfiles.com/2026/01/29/samsung-electronics-triples-profit-as-hbm-revenues-rocket-up/), so this TrendForce pair stands in for its memory sales to servers. It includes non-AI DRAM, which makes it a proxy."},"prior":{"low":12250000000,"central":12250000000,"high":12250000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Revenue from DRAM (all uses, including HBM) plus enterprise SSDs, calendar quarter, US dollars (TrendForce estimates)","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250902-12694.html","title":"2Q25 DRAM Revenue Jumps 17.1%, SK hynix Expands Market Share as Taiwanese Vendors Deliver Strong Growth, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2025-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Samsung 2Q25 DRAM revenue $10.35bn, 32.7% share"},"note":"Samsung 2Q25: DRAM US$10.35bn (this source) plus enterprise SSD US$1.9bn (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250908-12703.html) = US$12.25bn. Same two TrendForce series as the current quarter. Growth 75.33 / 12.25 = 6.15 times; the engine clamps growth at +300%."}},"screening":{"hbm":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5},"server-dram":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"b2133ef8992ae29fbdefc61ae21d5561a569d64f54233d8e75dd2ad01979dffb"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"b2133ef8992ae29fbdefc61ae21d5561a569d64f54233d8e75dd2ad01979dffb"}}},"micron":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"micron","name":"Micron","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"low":17.68,"central":17.68,"high":17.68,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global HBM Market Share by Revenue Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2026 column: Micron 18%"},"note":"Counterpoint's Q2 2026 HBM revenue shares are whole numbers that sum to 101% (SK hynix 50, Samsung 33, Micron 18). To keep the part within 100% the three are scaled by (100 − 0.78)/101 = 0.98238, where 0.78 points are 5LayerCake's estimates of output outside Counterpoint's three suppliers (Huawei's in-house memory 0.58, CXMT 0.20). The rescaling is smaller than the T4 band. Micron: 18 × 0.98238 = 17.68."},"server-dram":{"low":24,"central":24,"high":24,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of total DRAM revenue in US dollars (all applications; HBM inclusion not stated), Q2 2026","offBasis":true,"period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global DRAM Market Share by Revenue, Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2026 column: Micron 24%"},"note":"Counterpoint gives total DRAM revenue shares by supplier, not server DRAM shares, and does not say whether HBM is included; used as the card's labelled stand-in (shareData), flagged off-basis. TrendForce's 2Q26 ranking gives 23.3%."},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":17.07,"central":17.07,"high":17.07,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","title":"Higher Prices and Shipments Drive Top Five Enterprise SSD Vendors' Revenue to Nearly US$37.59 Billion in 2Q26, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-01","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Micron 'approximately $6.98 billion' in 2Q26; share = 6.98 / 40.9"},"note":"US$6.98bn / US$40.9bn (TrendForce RP260826DG) = 17.07%."},"interfaces-controllers":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.micron.com/products","title":"Products | Micron Technology Inc.","publisher":"Micron Technology","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product categories: DRAM components and modules, HBM, LPDDR, GDDR, data-centre memory, SSDs, managed NAND, NAND and NOR flash, MCPs; no interface or controller chips sold separately. In-house SSD controllers count inside the SSD part."}}},"priorShares":{"hbm":{"low":21,"central":21,"high":21,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global HBM Market Share by Revenue Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2025 column: Micron 21%"},"note":"Counterpoint's Q2 2025 HBM table lists only SK Hynix 64, Samsung 15 and Micron 21 (sum 100); Huawei and CXMT had no share then. Same source and series as the Q2 2026 share."},"server-dram":{"low":22,"central":22,"high":22,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of total DRAM revenue in US dollars (all applications; HBM inclusion not stated), Q2 2025","offBasis":true,"period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global DRAM Market Share by Revenue, Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2025 column: Micron 22%"},"note":"Counterpoint total-DRAM revenue share used as the card's labelled stand-in (same as the Q2 2026 share). TrendForce's 2Q25 ranking (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250902-12694.html) gives Micron 22%."},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":14.33,"central":14.33,"high":14.33,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250908-12703.html","title":"AI and General Server Demand Drive 2Q25 Enterprise SSD Revenue Up 12.7%, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2025-09-08","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Micron $784.6 million, down 7.9% QoQ; Kioxia share 13.7%"},"note":"Micron: US$784.6m / US$5474m = 14.33%. TrendForce's 2Q25 release gives top-five revenue (Samsung about US$1.9bn, SK Group US$1.46bn, Micron US$784.6m, Kioxia US$750m, SanDisk about US$213m) and Kioxia's market share of 13.7%, which puts the whole 2Q25 enterprise SSD market at 750 / 0.137 = US$5,474m (the top five are then 93.3% of it, against 91.9% in 2Q26). Same method as the Q2 2026 share (company revenue divided by the whole market), so the two quarters compare. Revenues are rounded in the source, so each share carries about 0.5 points of rounding. TrendForce gives Micron's 2Q25 revenue as $784.6 million, down 7.9% QoQ."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":42980000000,"central":42980000000,"high":42980000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Revenue from DRAM (all uses, including HBM) plus enterprise SSDs, calendar quarter, US dollars (TrendForce estimates)","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","title":"DRAM Industry Revenue Rises 59.5% QoQ in 2Q26 as Supply Expansion Continues to Lag Demand Growth, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-07","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Micron 2Q26 DRAM revenue $36.0bn, 23.3% share"},"note":"Micron 2Q26: DRAM US$36.0bn (this source) plus enterprise SSD approximately US$6.98bn (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html) = US$42.98bn. It includes non-AI DRAM, which makes it a proxy. Micron's own fiscal Q4 2026 (ended 3 Sep 2026) revenue was US$54.23bn against US$11.32bn a year earlier (StorageNewsletter reprint of the press release, https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/10/02/micron-technology-fiscal-4q26-and-fy26-financial-results/), the same order of change."},"prior":{"low":7734600000,"central":7734600000,"high":7734600000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Revenue from DRAM (all uses, including HBM) plus enterprise SSDs, calendar quarter, US dollars (TrendForce estimates)","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250902-12694.html","title":"2Q25 DRAM Revenue Jumps 17.1%, SK hynix Expands Market Share as Taiwanese Vendors Deliver Strong Growth, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2025-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Micron 2Q25 DRAM revenue $6.95bn, 22% share"},"note":"Micron 2Q25: DRAM US$6.95bn (this source) plus enterprise SSD US$784.6m (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250908-12703.html) = US$7.7346bn. Growth 42.98 / 7.7346 = 5.56 times; the engine clamps growth at +300%."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":133190000000,"central":133190000000,"high":133190000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue, fiscal year, US dollars","period":"FY2026 (ended 3 Sep 2026)","periodEnd":"2026-09-03","source":{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/10/02/micron-technology-fiscal-4q26-and-fy26-financial-results/","title":"Micron Technology: Fiscal 4Q26 and FY26 Financial Results","publisher":"StorageNewsletter (Micron press release)","publishedDate":"2026-10-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Fiscal 2026 highlights: revenue of $133.19 billion versus $37.38 billion for the prior year"},"note":"The company says fiscal 2026 revenue was US$133.19bn (reprint of Micron's 30 Sep 2026 press release; investors.micron.com returned 403 so it was not used). Micron is scored as a whole: its revenue is DRAM, HBM and NAND."},"screening":{"hbm":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":4},"server-dram":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"8aa22ce54cc0b56ce8e4aa4f82aaa889511890fe007183416a4b0401f7d13374"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"8aa22ce54cc0b56ce8e4aa4f82aaa889511890fe007183416a4b0401f7d13374"}}},"kioxia":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"kioxia","name":"Kioxia","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.kioxia.com/en-jp/top.html","title":"KIOXIA Corporation Home","publisher":"Kioxia","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Business products: flash memory (BiCS FLASH, UFS/e-MMC, XL-FLASH) and SSDs (enterprise, data centre, client); no DRAM, HBM or merchant interface/controller chips. In-house SSD controllers count inside the SSD part."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.kioxia.com/en-jp/top.html","title":"KIOXIA Corporation Home","publisher":"Kioxia","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Business products: flash memory (BiCS FLASH, UFS/e-MMC, XL-FLASH) and SSDs (enterprise, data centre, client); no DRAM, HBM or merchant interface/controller chips. In-house SSD controllers count inside the SSD part."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":11.34,"central":11.34,"high":11.34,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","title":"Higher Prices and Shipments Drive Top Five Enterprise SSD Vendors' Revenue to Nearly US$37.59 Billion in 2Q26, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-01","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Kioxia '$4.64 billion' in 2Q26; share = 4.64 / 40.9"},"note":"US$4.64bn / US$40.9bn (TrendForce RP260826DG) = 11.34%. SSSTC is consolidated with Kioxia in the register."},"interfaces-controllers":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.kioxia.com/en-jp/top.html","title":"KIOXIA Corporation Home","publisher":"Kioxia","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Business products: flash memory (BiCS FLASH, UFS/e-MMC, XL-FLASH) and SSDs (enterprise, data centre, client); no DRAM, HBM or merchant interface/controller chips. In-house SSD controllers count inside the SSD part."}}},"priorShares":{"data-centre-ssd":{"low":13.7,"central":13.7,"high":13.7,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250908-12703.html","title":"AI and General Server Demand Drive 2Q25 Enterprise SSD Revenue Up 12.7%, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2025-09-08","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Kioxia revenue $750 million, 'market share climbing to 13.7%', ranked fourth"},"note":"TrendForce states the share directly: 13.7% of the whole 2Q25 enterprise SSD market (US$750m). TrendForce's 2Q25 release gives top-five revenue (Samsung about US$1.9bn, SK Group US$1.46bn, Micron US$784.6m, Kioxia US$750m, SanDisk about US$213m) and Kioxia's market share of 13.7%, which puts the whole 2Q25 enterprise SSD market at 750 / 0.137 = US$5,474m (the top five are then 93.3% of it, against 91.9% in 2Q26). Same method as the Q2 2026 share (company revenue divided by the whole market), so the two quarters compare. Revenues are rounded in the source, so each share carries about 0.5 points of rounding. "}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":4640000000,"central":4640000000,"high":4640000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Enterprise SSD revenue, calendar quarter, US dollars (TrendForce estimates)","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","title":"Higher Prices and Shipments Drive Top Five Enterprise SSD Vendors' Revenue to Nearly US$37.59 Billion in 2Q26, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-01","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Kioxia ranked fourth, enterprise SSD revenue more than doubling QoQ to $4.64 billion"},"note":"TrendForce estimate for 2Q26. Kioxia's own first fiscal quarter (April to June 2026) shows 'SSD & Storage' revenue of JPY1,174.7bn against JPY217.4bn a year earlier (Kioxia results release, https://links.sgx.com/1.0.0/corporate-announcements/DOATO9EIE4EEQ2Y8/898078_Earnings-Release-FY2026-1Q-EN.pdf, T1), which also covers PC SSDs; the TrendForce enterprise series is used because it matches the card's measure and the other SSD sellers."},"prior":{"low":750000000,"central":750000000,"high":750000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Enterprise SSD revenue, calendar quarter, US dollars (TrendForce estimates)","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250908-12703.html","title":"AI and General Server Demand Drive 2Q25 Enterprise SSD Revenue Up 12.7%, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2025-09-08","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Kioxia revenue rising 32.5% QoQ to $750 million"},"note":"TrendForce estimate for 2Q25 (same series). Growth 4.64 / 0.75 = 6.19 times; the engine clamps growth at +300%."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":15510000000,"central":15510000000,"high":15510000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue, fiscal year, US dollars","period":"FY2025 (April 2025 to March 2026)","periodEnd":"2026-03-31","source":{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/05/19/kioxia-fiscal-4q25-and-fy25-financial-results/","title":"Kioxia: Fiscal 4Q25 and FY25 Financial Results","publisher":"StorageNewsletter (Kioxia results)","publishedDate":"2026-05-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Revenue of ¥2,337.6 billion, up 37% YoY"},"note":"The company reports fiscal year ended March 2026 revenue of JPY2,337.6bn, converted at the April 2025 to March 2026 average of JPY 150.67 per US$ = US$15.51bn. Kioxia has one segment (memory), so this is the whole company. Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ja.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: JPY 150.67 per US$ in April 2025 to March 2026. "},"screening":{"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"bc81aa7790a819b77b265fdd1e1bb0bd804752c869a979a6f3cbbbf87febb7d7"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"bc81aa7790a819b77b265fdd1e1bb0bd804752c869a979a6f3cbbbf87febb7d7"}}},"cxmt":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"cxmt","name":"CXMT","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"low":0,"central":0.2,"high":1,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://epoch.ai/publications/huaweis-roadmap-to-2031","title":"Huawei's roadmap to 2031","publisher":"Epoch AI","publishedDate":"2026-09-04","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Section on Huawei's HBM supply: CXMT HBM output 'too limited to support hundreds of thousands of Ascend chips'; CXMT HBM wafer allocation about 5,000 wafer starts per month at end-2025 rising to 30,000 in 2026 (SemiAnalysis estimates quoted by Epoch)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). CXMT is not among Counterpoint's three HBM suppliers and no HBM revenue is published. Epoch AI reports limited CXMT HBM output at the start of 2026 and suggests CXMT may make Huawei's custom memory; CXMT's own product page lists no HBM, and Digitimes reported HBM3 samples to Huawei in October 2025 (https://www.digitimes.com/news/a20251023PD208.html, not opened). Method: any merchant HBM sold to Chinese accelerator makers other than Huawei in Q2 2026 is put at 0.2% of the part (about US$26m of a roughly US$13.2bn part), range 0–1.0%. Dies or stacks CXMT makes for Huawei are counted with Huawei's in-house memory, not here, to avoid double counting."},"server-dram":{"low":10,"central":10,"high":10,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of total DRAM revenue in US dollars (all applications; HBM inclusion not stated), Q2 2026","offBasis":true,"period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global DRAM Market Share by Revenue, Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2026 column: CXMT 10%"},"note":"Counterpoint gives total DRAM revenue shares by supplier, not server DRAM shares, and does not say whether HBM is included; used as the card's labelled stand-in (shareData), flagged off-basis. CXMT sells mostly mobile and PC DRAM, with servers mainly in China, so its share of AI-server host DRAM is probably below its 10% total share; the off-basis widening covers part of this. Cross-check on the total-DRAM stand-in (T1 against T4): CXMT's own Q2 2026 revenue is RMB 99.51bn (H1 RMB 150.31bn from its half-year report less Q1 RMB 50.8bn, TechNode https://technode.com/2026/07/27/cxmt-becomes-chinas-most-valuable-a-share-company-after-8-6-billion-ipo/), which at CNY 6.8048 per US$ is US$14.62bn, or 9.4% of TrendForce's US$154.73bn total DRAM revenue (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html), inside Counterpoint's 10%. CXMT listed on the Shanghai STAR Market on 27 July 2026 (688825.SH), so it is entered as public."},"data-centre-ssd":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.cxmt.com/en/","title":"ABOUT CXMT","publisher":"CXMT","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product categories: LPDDR6, DDR5 (incl. modules), LPDDR5/5X, LPDDR4X; no SSD or merchant interface/controller chips."}},"interfaces-controllers":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.cxmt.com/en/","title":"ABOUT CXMT","publisher":"CXMT","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product categories: LPDDR6, DDR5 (incl. modules), LPDDR5/5X, LPDDR4X; no SSD or merchant interface/controller chips."}}},"priorShares":{"hbm":{"low":0,"central":0,"high":0.5,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global HBM Market Share by Revenue Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2025 column: only SK Hynix 64, Samsung 15, Micron 21 (sum 100)"},"note":"Counterpoint's Q2 2025 HBM table lists no CXMT share and the three suppliers sum to 100%. CXMT's own HBM3 samples to Huawei were reported only in October 2025 (Digitimes, 23 Oct 2025, https://www.digitimes.com/news/a20251023PD208.html, not opened). Range up to 0.5 points covers Counterpoint's rounding."},"server-dram":{"low":4,"central":4,"high":4,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of total DRAM revenue in US dollars (all applications; HBM inclusion not stated), Q2 2025","offBasis":true,"period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global DRAM Market Share by Revenue, Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2025 column: CXMT 4%"},"note":"Counterpoint total-DRAM revenue share used as the card's labelled stand-in (same as the Q2 2026 share). Counterpoint repeats the 4% in its Q2 2026 commentary ('4% in the same period of the previous year'). Cross-check: CXMT's H1 2025 revenue RMB 15.44bn (half-year report) less Q1 2025 RMB 6.20bn (Q1 2026 RMB 50.8bn is +719.13% on it, TrendForce https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=61492) is RMB 9.24bn in Q2 2025, US$1.28bn at CNY 7.2331 per US$ (Fed H.10 Q2 2025 average), or 4.0% of TrendForce's US$31.63bn."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":150310076758,"central":150310076758,"high":150310076758,"unit":"CNY","basis":"Revenue, first half, Chinese yuan","period":"H1 2026","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2026-08-29/1225529534.PDF","title":"长鑫科技集团股份有限公司2026年半年度报告摘要 (CXMT 2026 half-year report summary)","publisher":"CXMT (长鑫科技集团股份有限公司)","publishedDate":"2026-08-28","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Section 2.2 key financial data: operating revenue RMB 150,310,076,758 in the reporting period"},"note":"Unaudited half-year report summary filed on the SSE STAR Market after the 27 July 2026 listing. CXMT's revenue is almost entirely DRAM, so total revenue is the best available measure of its DRAM activity; the company says DRAM prices and sales volumes both rose."},"prior":{"low":15437924611.51,"central":15437924611.51,"high":15437924611.51,"unit":"CNY","basis":"Revenue, first half, Chinese yuan","period":"H1 2025","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2026-08-29/1225529534.PDF","title":"长鑫科技集团股份有限公司2026年半年度报告摘要 (CXMT 2026 half-year report summary)","publisher":"CXMT (长鑫科技集团股份有限公司)","publishedDate":"2026-08-28","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Section 2.2 key financial data: same period last year RMB 15,437,924,611.51 (+873.64%)"},"note":"Same report, prior-year column. Growth 150.31 / 15.44 = 9.7 times; the engine clamps growth at +300%."}},"committedExpansion":{"low":0.65,"central":0.65,"high":0.65,"unit":"ratio","basis":"Reported multi-year server DRAM supply deals (ByteDance, Tencent) ÷ latest annualised server-product revenue (Q2 2026 × 4)","period":"Deals signed June to July 2026","periodEnd":"2026-07-24","source":{"url":"https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/cxmt-closes-up-466-percent-in-shanghai-debut-with-no-hbm-project-in-its-ipo-prospectus","title":"Chinese memory maker CXMT posts blistering 466% leap in Shanghai IPO, no HBM in sight","publisher":"Tom's Hardware","publishedDate":"2026-07-27","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Paragraph on output booked through 2027: 'five-year server DRAM agreement worth more than $7 billion with ByteDance this month, and a $3 billion deal with Tencent in June, and server products grew from 8.4% of its revenue in 2024 to 26.5% last year'"},"note":"Reported values, not company statements: Tom's Hardware repeats a Reuters report of 24 July 2026 (Reuters not opened; neither CXMT nor the customers confirmed the terms). Numerator US$7bn (ByteDance, five years) + US$3bn (Tencent, term not stated) = US$10bn. Denominator = current annual activity, the latest quarter annualised: Q2 2026 revenue = H1 RMB 150.31bn (half-year report, https://static.cninfo.com.cn/finalpage/2026-08-29/1225529534.PDF) less Q1 RMB 50.8bn (TechNode, https://technode.com/2026/07/27/cxmt-becomes-chinas-most-valuable-a-share-company-after-8-6-billion-ipo/) = RMB 99.51bn; × 4 = RMB 398.0bn; × 26.5% server-product share (the 2025 share, from this source, which gives 8.4% in 2024 and 26.5% in 2025; the 2026 share is not published, so the 2025 mix is held) = RMB 105.5bn; at CNY 6.8048 per US$ (Fed H.10 Q2 2026 average, https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ch.htm) = US$15.50bn. Ratio = 10 / 15.50 = 0.65. Context: against 2025 server revenue (RMB 61.8bn × 26.5% = RMB 16.4bn = US$2.28bn at CNY 7.1875) the same deals are 4.4 times, but 2025 is far below the current run-rate. Contract values are multi-year and 'more than', so the ratio is a lower bound on multi-year backlog. Tier T3, the lower of the reported deals (T3) and the revenue inputs (T1 and T3)."},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":8600000000,"central":8600000000,"high":8600000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://autonews.gasgoo.com/articles/other/cxmt-unveils-the-aggressive-expansion-of-domestic-memory-chips-2056381885041795073","title":"CXMT Unveils the Aggressive Expansion of Domestic Memory Chips","publisher":"Gasgoo","publishedDate":"2026-05-18","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"In 2025 alone, revenue reached 61.8 billion yuan, roughly 155% up on the previous year (prospectus figures)"},"note":"Revenue RMB 61.8bn (prospectus, as reported by Gasgoo) at CNY 7.1875 per US$ = US$8.6bn. CXMT is a DRAM maker, so this is almost all DRAM. Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ch.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: CNY 7.1875 per US$ in CY2025. "},"screening":{"hbm":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"server-dram":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"a5036037e3dc1b2a6035a65f3fe3f5390a3def4da7da21066fdeb69be6e4c45c"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"a5036037e3dc1b2a6035a65f3fe3f5390a3def4da7da21066fdeb69be6e4c45c"}}},"sandisk":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"sandisk","name":"Sandisk","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.sandisk.com/","title":"Sandisk home and product navigation","publisher":"Sandisk","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product navigation: SSDs (internal, external, enterprise), memory cards, USB flash, embedded flash; no DRAM, HBM or merchant controller chips. Its high-bandwidth flash (HBF) is not HBM and has no sales."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.sandisk.com/","title":"Sandisk home and product navigation","publisher":"Sandisk","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product navigation: SSDs (internal, external, enterprise), memory cards, USB flash, embedded flash; no DRAM, HBM or merchant controller chips. Its high-bandwidth flash (HBF) is not HBM and has no sales."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":7.29,"central":7.29,"high":7.29,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","title":"Higher Prices and Shipments Drive Top Five Enterprise SSD Vendors' Revenue to Nearly US$37.59 Billion in 2Q26, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-01","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"SanDisk 'nearly $2.98 billion' in 2Q26; share = 2.98 / 40.9"},"note":"US$2.98bn / US$40.9bn (TrendForce RP260826DG) = 7.29%."},"interfaces-controllers":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.sandisk.com/","title":"Sandisk home and product navigation","publisher":"Sandisk","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product navigation: SSDs (internal, external, enterprise), memory cards, USB flash, embedded flash; no DRAM, HBM or merchant controller chips. Its high-bandwidth flash (HBF) is not HBM and has no sales."}}},"priorShares":{"data-centre-ssd":{"low":3.89,"central":3.89,"high":3.89,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250908-12703.html","title":"AI and General Server Demand Drive 2Q25 Enterprise SSD Revenue Up 12.7%, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2025-09-08","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"SanDisk generated about $213 million, down 8.2% QoQ"},"note":"Sandisk: US$213m / US$5474m = 3.89%. TrendForce's 2Q25 release gives top-five revenue (Samsung about US$1.9bn, SK Group US$1.46bn, Micron US$784.6m, Kioxia US$750m, SanDisk about US$213m) and Kioxia's market share of 13.7%, which puts the whole 2Q25 enterprise SSD market at 750 / 0.137 = US$5,474m (the top five are then 93.3% of it, against 91.9% in 2Q26). Same method as the Q2 2026 share (company revenue divided by the whole market), so the two quarters compare. Revenues are rounded in the source, so each share carries about 0.5 points of rounding. TrendForce gives SanDisk's 2Q25 revenue as about $213 million, down 8.2% QoQ; Sandisk's own Datacenter revenue for its fiscal Q4 2025 is also $213m."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":2977000000,"central":2977000000,"high":2977000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Datacenter end-market revenue, fiscal fourth quarter, US dollars (company-reported)","period":"Q4 FY2026 (ended 3 Jul 2026)","periodEnd":"2026-07-03","source":{"url":"https://www.sandisk.com/company/newsroom/press-releases/2026/2026-08-05-sandisk-reports-fiscal-fourth-quarter-2026-financial-results","title":"Sandisk Reports Fiscal Fourth Quarter 2026 Financial Results","publisher":"Sandisk Corporation","publishedDate":"2026-08-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"End Market Summary: Datacenter $2,977m in Q4 2026"},"note":"The company says Datacenter revenue was US$2,977m in its fiscal Q4 2026, up 103% on the prior quarter (US$1,467m). Matches TrendForce's 'nearly $2.98 billion'."},"prior":{"low":213000000,"central":213000000,"high":213000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Datacenter end-market revenue, fiscal fourth quarter, US dollars (company-reported)","period":"Q4 FY2025 (ended 27 Jun 2025)","periodEnd":"2025-06-27","source":{"url":"https://www.sandisk.com/company/newsroom/press-releases/2026/2026-08-05-sandisk-reports-fiscal-fourth-quarter-2026-financial-results","title":"Sandisk Reports Fiscal Fourth Quarter 2026 Financial Results","publisher":"Sandisk Corporation","publishedDate":"2026-08-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"End Market Summary: Datacenter $213m in Q4 2025 (growth shown as not meaningful)"},"note":"The company reports Datacenter revenue of US$213m in its fiscal Q4 2025 (growth shown as 'not meaningful'). Growth 2,977 / 213 = 14 times; the engine clamps growth at +300%."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":20248000000,"central":20248000000,"high":20248000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue, fiscal year, US dollars","period":"FY2026 (ended 3 Jul 2026)","periodEnd":"2026-07-03","source":{"url":"https://www.sandisk.com/company/newsroom/press-releases/2026/2026-08-05-sandisk-reports-fiscal-fourth-quarter-2026-financial-results","title":"Sandisk Reports Fiscal Fourth Quarter 2026 Financial Results","publisher":"Sandisk Corporation","publishedDate":"2026-08-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"End Market Summary, fiscal year: Total Revenue $20,248m (Datacenter $5,153m, Edge $12,160m, Consumer $2,935m)"},"note":"The company reports fiscal 2026 revenue of US$20,248m. Sandisk is scored as a whole company."},"screening":{"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"26525008747ba510324e53dbdacbd9f2e74b74ecbd205a70cacafbf62a979f71"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"26525008747ba510324e53dbdacbd9f2e74b74ecbd205a70cacafbf62a979f71"}}},"union-memory":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"union-memory","name":"Union Memory","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.unionmemory.com/","title":"Union Memory 忆联 - 全领域、全场景固态存储解决方案提供商","publisher":"Union Memory (忆联)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product centre: enterprise SSDs, data-centre SSDs, client SSDs, embedded storage; 'storage controller development' is an in-house capability, with no controller chips for sale. No DRAM or HBM."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.unionmemory.com/","title":"Union Memory 忆联 - 全领域、全场景固态存储解决方案提供商","publisher":"Union Memory (忆联)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product centre: enterprise SSDs, data-centre SSDs, client SSDs, embedded storage; 'storage controller development' is an in-house capability, with no controller chips for sale. No DRAM or HBM."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":2.15,"central":2.15,"high":2.15,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.unionmemory.com/news_detail-31-199.html","title":"IDC报告：忆联连续四年稳居国产企业级SSD市场榜首，全栈技术实力持续领航","publisher":"Union Memory (忆联)","publishedDate":"2026-05-15","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"IDC 2025 China enterprise SSD tracker: Union Memory 15.5% share, first among domestic vendors (11.4% in 2024)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5), re-anchored on DapuStor's revised Q2 2026 revenue (screening: 1.71%). The company says IDC puts it at 15.5% of China's enterprise SSD market in 2025 (11.4% in 2024); IDC put it at about 22% in 2023 against DapuStor's 6.4% (DOIT, https://www.doit.com.cn/p/535258.html), a ratio of 3.4. DapuStor has since grown much faster (H1 2026 revenue RMB 4.72bn, +531%, TechNode), so Union Memory's Q2 2026 revenue is put at 1.75× DapuStor's Q2 2026 revenue of US$501.5m (RMB 3.412bn at CNY 6.8048 per US$; see dapustor.json; range 1.2–2.5×) ≈ US$877.6m. The 1.75× ratio is a 5LayerCake judgment, not a reported figure. Share = 877.6 / 40,900 = 2.15%. The function total is TrendForce's whole enterprise SSD market of US$40.9bn in 2Q26 (https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260826DG); the top five took US$37.59bn (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html), leaving about US$3.31bn (8.1%) for every other seller, which bounds this and the other non-top-five estimates. Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ch.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: CNY 6.8048 per US$ in Q2 2026. "},"interfaces-controllers":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.unionmemory.com/","title":"Union Memory 忆联 - 全领域、全场景固态存储解决方案提供商","publisher":"Union Memory (忆联)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product centre: enterprise SSDs, data-centre SSDs, client SSDs, embedded storage; 'storage controller development' is an in-house capability, with no controller chips for sale. No DRAM or HBM."}}},"screening":{"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"c702023f0bab63a6a4fd6e74614e4768dd850a2346314b069f337aa79b3dfc03"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"c702023f0bab63a6a4fd6e74614e4768dd850a2346314b069f337aa79b3dfc03"}}},"phison":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"phison","name":"Phison","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","title":"70th IT Press Tour, Part 1 of 2: Phison nearly quadrupled its quarterly revenue on AI, and now it wants flash to do DRAM's job","publisher":"iTWire","publishedDate":"2026-10-18","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Phison sells SSD controllers and SSD modules (AI ecosystem modules incl. Pascari enterprise SSDs); no DRAM or HBM."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","title":"70th IT Press Tour, Part 1 of 2: Phison nearly quadrupled its quarterly revenue on AI, and now it wants flash to do DRAM's job","publisher":"iTWire","publishedDate":"2026-10-18","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Phison sells SSD controllers and SSD modules (AI ecosystem modules incl. Pascari enterprise SSDs); no DRAM or HBM."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":1.5,"central":1.5,"high":1.5,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","title":"70th IT Press Tour, Part 1 of 2: Phison nearly quadrupled its quarterly revenue on AI, and now it wants flash to do DRAM's job","publisher":"iTWire","publishedDate":"2026-10-18","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Q2 2026 revenue NT$67.89bn (about US$2.1bn); 'AI ecosystem modules', where enterprise SSDs sit, 38% of Q2 revenue"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5), revised only for the exchange rate. The company says AI ecosystem modules were 38% of Q2 2026 revenue of NT$67.89bn = NT$25.8bn, at TWD 31.603 per US$ = US$816m; enterprise SSDs (Pascari and hyperscaler drives) taken as 75% of that = US$612m. Share = 612 / 40,900 = 1.5% (screening: 1.47%). The function total is TrendForce's whole enterprise SSD market of US$40.9bn in 2Q26 (https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260826DG). Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ta.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: TWD 31.603 per US$ in Q2 2026. "},"interfaces-controllers":{"low":6.2,"central":6.2,"high":6.2,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","title":"70th IT Press Tour, Part 1 of 2: Phison nearly quadrupled its quarterly revenue on AI, and now it wants flash to do DRAM's job","publisher":"iTWire","publishedDate":"2026-10-18","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Phison claims more than 20% of the client SSD controller market; no enterprise controller revenue given"},"note":"Function model (T5, from the card notes): AI-related spend on this part is about US$1.1bn a year. Inside it, memory interface chips (RCD, data buffers, MRCD/MDB, PMICs, SPD hubs, temperature sensors) are about US$0.20bn (15% AI share of a roughly US$1.35bn market: Rambus 2025 product revenue US$347.8m at a mid-40% DDR5 RCD share, https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/, plus about US$0.6bn of companion chips), i.e. 18.2% of the part; merchant enterprise SSD controllers are about US$0.68bn (57% AI share of about US$1.2bn), i.e. 61.8%; CXL memory controllers are given 3.6% (5LayerCake allowance; not quantified in the card). Each company's share = its estimated share of its sub-pool × the sub-pool's fraction of the part. No public tracker exists (card knownGaps), so every share here is a 5LayerCake judgment. Phison's merchant enterprise controllers (sold to other SSD makers, e.g. YMTC per Counterpoint) are put at 10% of the controller sub-pool: 10% × 61.8% = 6.18%. Its controllers inside its own Pascari drives count in the SSD part."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":25800000000,"central":25800000000,"high":25800000000,"unit":"TWD","basis":"AI ecosystem modules revenue (company bucket: enterprise SSDs, aiDAPTIV, AI PC parts, AI networking, AI servers, boot drives), calendar quarter, New Taiwan dollars","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","title":"70th IT Press Tour, Part 1 of 2: Phison nearly quadrupled its quarterly revenue on AI, and now it wants flash to do DRAM's job","publisher":"iTWire","publishedDate":"2026-10-18","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Q2 revenue split: AI ecosystem modules 38% of revenue; revenue NT$67.89bn"},"note":"The company says AI ecosystem modules were 38% of Q2 2026 revenue of NT$67.89bn = NT$25.8bn. The bucket includes AI products outside this sublayer (AI servers, networking), so it is a proxy for Phison's AI-related SSD activity; enterprise SSDs are its largest part."},"prior":{"low":900000000,"central":900000000,"high":900000000,"unit":"TWD","basis":"AI ecosystem modules revenue (company bucket: enterprise SSDs, aiDAPTIV, AI PC parts, AI networking, AI servers, boot drives), calendar quarter, New Taiwan dollars","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","title":"70th IT Press Tour, Part 1 of 2: Phison nearly quadrupled its quarterly revenue on AI, and now it wants flash to do DRAM's job","publisher":"iTWire","publishedDate":"2026-10-18","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Section 'From under 5% to 38% in a year'; revenue up 276.5% year on year"},"note":"The company says the bucket was 'under 5%' of revenue a year earlier, so 5% is an upper bound. Q2 2025 revenue = 67.89 / (1 + 2.765) = NT$18.03bn (the source gives growth of 276.5%); 5% of it = NT$0.9bn. Growth is therefore at least 25.8 / 0.90 = 28 times; the engine clamps growth at +300%, so the bound does not matter."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":2345000000,"central":2345000000,"high":2345000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","title":"70th IT Press Tour, Part 1 of 2: Phison nearly quadrupled its quarterly revenue on AI, and now it wants flash to do DRAM's job","publisher":"iTWire","publishedDate":"2026-10-18","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"First-half 2026 revenue US$3.4bn is '147% of what the company made in the whole of 2025 (US$2.345 billion)'"},"note":"The company says (IT Press Tour, as reported by iTWire) that its 2025 revenue was US$2.345bn. It covers client and industrial SSD controllers and modules as well as enterprise."},"screening":{"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"interfaces-controllers":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"fb64e691020227633d6f2e103efcc7d228d1363a3ad1d3512f776bfc100816e5"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"fb64e691020227633d6f2e103efcc7d228d1363a3ad1d3512f776bfc100816e5"}}},"nanya-technology":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"nanya-technology","name":"Nanya","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.nanya.com/en/Product","title":"Nanya products","publisher":"Nanya Technology","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product categories: standard DRAM (DDR5, DDR4, DDR3), LPDDR, KGD, MCP and modules (incl. RDIMM); no HBM, SSD or interface/controller chips."}},"server-dram":{"low":2,"central":2,"high":2,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of total DRAM revenue in US dollars (all applications; HBM inclusion not stated), Q2 2026","offBasis":true,"period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global DRAM Market Share by Revenue, Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2026 column: Nanya 2%"},"note":"Counterpoint gives total DRAM revenue shares by supplier, not server DRAM shares, and does not say whether HBM is included; used as the card's labelled stand-in (shareData), flagged off-basis. TrendForce's 2Q26 ranking gives Nanya US$2.612bn of US$154.73bn = 1.69%. TrendForce (12 Oct 2026, https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=65146) reports AI infrastructure incl. servers above 20% of Nanya's revenue, so its share of AI-server host DRAM is probably below 2%."},"data-centre-ssd":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.nanya.com/en/Product","title":"Nanya products","publisher":"Nanya Technology","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product categories: standard DRAM (DDR5, DDR4, DDR3), LPDDR, KGD, MCP and modules (incl. RDIMM); no HBM, SSD or interface/controller chips."}},"interfaces-controllers":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.nanya.com/en/Product","title":"Nanya products","publisher":"Nanya Technology","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product categories: standard DRAM (DDR5, DDR4, DDR3), LPDDR, KGD, MCP and modules (incl. RDIMM); no HBM, SSD or interface/controller chips."}}},"priorShares":{"server-dram":{"low":1,"central":1,"high":1,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of total DRAM revenue in US dollars (all applications; HBM inclusion not stated), Q2 2025","offBasis":true,"period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","title":"Global DRAM and HBM Market Share: Quarterly","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Chart 'Global DRAM Market Share by Revenue, Q2 2025 - Q2 2026', Q2 2025 column: Nanya 1%"},"note":"Counterpoint total-DRAM revenue share used as the card's labelled stand-in (same as the Q2 2026 share). TrendForce's 2Q25 ranking (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250902-12694.html) gives Nanya about US$340m of US$31.63bn = 1.07%."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":2612000000,"central":2612000000,"high":2612000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"DRAM revenue (all uses), calendar quarter, US dollars (TrendForce estimates)","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","title":"DRAM Industry Revenue Rises 59.5% QoQ in 2Q26 as Supply Expansion Continues to Lag Demand Growth, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-07","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Nanya's revenue up 68.3% QoQ to $2.612 billion"},"note":"TrendForce estimate for 2Q26. Nanya's DRAM revenue is mostly DDR4 and DDR3 for consumer and industrial uses; TrendForce (12 Oct 2026) reports AI infrastructure including servers above 20% of its revenue, so total DRAM revenue is a proxy for its AI-related activity."},"prior":{"low":340000000,"central":340000000,"high":340000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"DRAM revenue (all uses), calendar quarter, US dollars (TrendForce estimates)","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250902-12694.html","title":"2Q25 DRAM Revenue Jumps 17.1%, SK hynix Expands Market Share as Taiwanese Vendors Deliver Strong Growth, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2025-09-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Nanya Technology revenue rose 56% QoQ to about $340 million"},"note":"TrendForce estimate for 2Q25 (about US$340m, a rounded figure). Growth 2,612 / 340 = 7.7 times; the engine clamps growth at +300%."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":2140000000,"central":2140000000,"high":2140000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://finance.technews.tw/2026/01/19/nanya-technologys-fourth-quarter-earnings-per-share-surged-to-nt3-58/","title":"南亞科第四季每股獲利暴衝達 3.58 元，全年 EPS 來到 2.13 元","publisher":"TechNews 科技新報","publishedDate":"2026-01-19","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Paragraph on 2025: cumulative 2025 revenue NT$66.587bn (66,587 million), after-tax profit NT$6.603bn, EPS NT$2.13"},"note":"Nanya's consolidated self-reported revenue for 2025, NT$66.587bn, at TWD 31.166 per US$ = US$2.14bn. Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ta.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: TWD 31.166 per US$ in CY2025. "},"screening":{"server-dram":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"a00f353068c2be2c2376a48af70d613378e0598e1e23a6636bcd1c17a4d70d5a"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"a00f353068c2be2c2376a48af70d613378e0598e1e23a6636bcd1c17a4d70d5a"}}},"dapustor":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"dapustor","name":"DapuStor","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.dapustor.com/","title":"DapuStor | Data Center Best Enterprise SSD | NVMe SSD","publisher":"DapuStor","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product families: R6 & J5, QLC, Haishen and Xlenstor enterprise SSDs; 'industry-leading in-house controller'; no DRAM or HBM."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.dapustor.com/","title":"DapuStor | Data Center Best Enterprise SSD | NVMe SSD","publisher":"DapuStor","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product families: R6 & J5, QLC, Haishen and Xlenstor enterprise SSDs; 'industry-leading in-house controller'; no DRAM or HBM."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":1.23,"central":1.23,"high":1.23,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.mrjjxw.com/articles/2026-08-26/4559394.html","title":"大普微拿下34.91亿元大单，占去年营收逾1.5倍！年内股价已涨749%","publisher":"每日经济新闻 (National Business Daily)","publishedDate":"2026-08-26","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"H1 2026 revenue RMB 47.22亿 (4.722bn), up 531.17%; the order is 152.70% of 2025 audited main-business revenue"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5), revised from the screening figure of 0.98%. H1 2026 revenue was RMB 4.722bn (this source; TechNode gives RMB 4.72bn, https://technode.com/2026/08/26/dapustor-plans-hong-kong-listing-after-first-half-revenue-jumps-531/). Q1 2026 revenue was RMB 1.310bn (13.10亿) per DapuStor's Q1 report (reproduced by Eastmoney, https://finance.eastmoney.com/a/202604303726192379.html; the filing itself was not reachable, so Q1 is a secondary input). Q2 = 4.722 − 1.310 = RMB 3.412bn, which is 72% of H1 (the screening pass had assumed 60%), at CNY 6.8048 per US$ = US$501.5m. Share = 501.5 / 40,900 = 1.23%. All revenue is taken as enterprise SSDs (the company says it mainly develops and sells data-centre enterprise SSDs; Jiemian, https://m.jiemian.com/article/14260942.html). The function total is TrendForce's whole enterprise SSD market of US$40.9bn in 2Q26 (https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260826DG); the top five took US$37.59bn, leaving about US$3.31bn (8.1%) for every other seller. Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ch.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: CNY 6.8048 per US$ in Q2 2026. "},"interfaces-controllers":{"low":0.3,"central":0.3,"high":0.3,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","title":"YMTC, 기업용 SSD 출하량 3년 만에 8배 급증 (YMTC enterprise SSD shipments up about eightfold in three years)","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-10-15","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Controller partners named for YMTC: Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion, DERA, T-Head"},"note":"Function model (T5, from the card notes): AI-related spend on this part is about US$1.1bn a year. Inside it, memory interface chips (RCD, data buffers, MRCD/MDB, PMICs, SPD hubs, temperature sensors) are about US$0.20bn (15% AI share of a roughly US$1.35bn market: Rambus 2025 product revenue US$347.8m at a mid-40% DDR5 RCD share, https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/, plus about US$0.6bn of companion chips), i.e. 18.2% of the part; merchant enterprise SSD controllers are about US$0.68bn (57% AI share of about US$1.2bn), i.e. 61.8%; CXL memory controllers are given 3.6% (5LayerCake allowance; not quantified in the card). Each company's share = its estimated share of its sub-pool × the sub-pool's fraction of the part. No public tracker exists (card knownGaps), so every share here is a 5LayerCake judgment. DapuStor's controllers mostly go into its own drives (counted in the SSD part); Counterpoint names it among YMTC's controller partners, so merchant supply is put at 0.5% of the controller sub-pool: 0.5% × 61.8% = 0.31%."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":4722000000,"central":4722000000,"high":4722000000,"unit":"CNY","basis":"Revenue, first half, Chinese yuan","period":"H1 2026","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.mrjjxw.com/articles/2026-08-26/4559394.html","title":"大普微拿下34.91亿元大单，占去年营收逾1.5倍！年内股价已涨749%","publisher":"每日经济新闻 (National Business Daily)","publishedDate":"2026-08-26","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Results paragraph: 2026 H1 operating revenue RMB 47.22亿, +531.17%"},"note":"DapuStor's revenue is almost entirely data-centre enterprise SSDs, so total revenue measures its activity in this sublayer (Jiemian, 16 Apr 2026: the company 'mainly develops and sells data-centre enterprise SSD products')."},"prior":{"low":748000000,"central":748000000,"high":748000000,"unit":"CNY","basis":"Revenue, first half, Chinese yuan","period":"H1 2025","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://m.jiemian.com/article/14260942.html","title":"大“肉签”再现！大普微上市首日大涨，中一签最高可赚近10万元","publisher":"界面新闻 (Jiemian)","publishedDate":"2026-04-16","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Paragraph on the prospectus data: 'mid-2025' revenue 7.48亿元 (2022 to mid-2025: 5.56亿, 5.19亿, 9.62亿, 7.48亿)"},"note":"Prospectus data reported by Jiemian. Consistent with 4.722 / 6.3117 = RMB 0.748bn from the +531.17% growth. Growth 4.722 / 0.748 = 6.3 times; the engine clamps growth at +300%."}},"committedExpansion":{"low":0.257,"central":0.257,"high":0.257,"unit":"ratio","basis":"Signed order ÷ latest annualised revenue (Q2 2026 × 4)","period":"Order signed 25 Aug 2026 (supply within 18 weeks of taking effect)","periodEnd":"2026-08-25","source":{"url":"https://www.mrjjxw.com/articles/2026-08-26/4559394.html","title":"大普微拿下34.91亿元大单，占去年营收逾1.5倍！年内股价已涨749%","publisher":"每日经济新闻 (National Business Daily)","publishedDate":"2026-08-26","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"The order is about US$515m (RMB 34.91亿); H1 2026 operating revenue RMB 47.22亿"},"note":"The company says (stock exchange filing of 26 Aug 2026, as reported by National Business Daily and Yicai, https://www2.yicaiglobal.com/news/chinas-dapustor-jumps-by-limit-after-landing-usd515-million-order-for-enterprisegrade-pcie-ssds) it signed on 25 Aug 2026 an order for enterprise PCIe SSDs worth about US$515m including tax (T2). Denominator = current annual activity, the latest quarter annualised: Q2 2026 revenue = H1 RMB 4.722bn less Q1 RMB 1.310bn = RMB 3.412bn (see the share note); × 4 = RMB 13.65bn; at CNY 6.8048 per US$ (Fed H.10 Q2 2026 average) = US$2006m. Ratio = 515 / 2006 = 0.257. Context: the company's own division is 152.70% of 2025 audited main-business revenue (RMB 3.491bn / 1.527 = RMB 2.286bn), but 2025 is well below the current run-rate. The order is tax-inclusive and takes effect only when both sides confirm in writing, with supply within 18 weeks of that. Tier T3, the lower of the order (T2) and the Q2 revenue (T3: H1 from the press, Q1 from a portal's reproduction of the company report)."},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":318000000,"central":318000000,"high":318000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue (main business), calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.mrjjxw.com/articles/2026-08-26/4559394.html","title":"大普微拿下34.91亿元大单，占去年营收逾1.5倍！年内股价已涨749%","publisher":"每日经济新闻 (National Business Daily)","publishedDate":"2026-08-26","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Order of RMB 34.91亿 = 152.70% of 2025 audited main-business revenue"},"note":"Derived: the company's order of RMB 3.491bn is 152.70% of 2025 audited main-business revenue, so 2025 revenue = 3.491 / 1.527 = RMB 2.286bn, at CNY 7.1875 per US$ = US$318m. The audited figure itself was not opened. Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ch.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: CNY 7.1875 per US$ in CY2025. "},"screening":{"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"interfaces-controllers":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"4cb91ac06d84ab7f402c43a765d5f8e4cf9e9e3d8278fe2c9a171a4db7e21082"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"4cb91ac06d84ab7f402c43a765d5f8e4cf9e9e3d8278fe2c9a171a4db7e21082"}}},"huawei":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"huawei","name":"Huawei","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"low":0.09,"central":0.58,"high":2.15,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://news.rthk.hk/rthk/en/component/k2/1849055-20260327.htm","title":"Huawei ascends in chip stakes with giant orders","publisher":"RTHK (Reuters report)","publishedDate":"2026-03-27","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Reuters via RTHK: about 750,000 Ascend 950PR units planned for 2026; mass production from April, full shipments in the second half; standard version with traditional DDR memory, premium version with HBM"},"note":"5LayerCake value estimate (T5) of Huawei's in-house accelerator memory (HiBL) on the card's spend basis; it has no sales. Inputs: Q2 2026 950PR units 60,000 central (15,000–150,000; of 750,000 planned for 2026, H2-weighted, Reuters/RTHK); 128 GB of Huawei custom memory per chip (Epoch AI, https://epoch.ai/publications/huaweis-roadmap-to-2031, which judges it closer to LPDDR than HBM); value US$10/GB central (US$6–15). Central: 60,000 × 128 × 10 = US$76.8m; share = 76.8 / (13,120 + 76.8) = 0.58%, where US$13.12bn is the card's Q2 2026 merchant HBM estimate (card notes, T5). Low: 15,000 × 128 × 6 = US$11.5m → 0.09%. High: 150,000 × 128 × 15 = US$288m → 2.15%. Memory dies CXMT may supply for it are counted here, not with CXMT."},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://en.it-daily.net/shortnews-en/huawei-dram-production-with-swaysure","title":"Huawei Reportedly Plans In-House DRAM Production with SwaySure","publisher":"it-daily.net","publishedDate":"2026-07-29","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Huawei is only reported to be planning a DRAM fab with SwaySure, with 'no independent confirmation'; it has no DRAM production or sales today."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":0.43,"central":0.79,"high":1.13,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.idc.com/?p=120201","title":"Worldwide External Enterprise Storage Systems Market Grows 33.6% in the Second Quarter of 2026, Extending Its Strongest Growth Run in Years, according to IDC","publisher":"IDC","publishedDate":"2026-09-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Table: Huawei $1,168.9M in 2Q26 (11.3% share), $903.5M in 2Q25 (11.7%), +29.4%"},"note":"5LayerCake value estimate (T5) of the in-house SSDs inside Huawei's OceanStor systems (TechRadar: its high-capacity SSD 'will be used exclusively in its Exabyte-capable OceanStor A800 products'; https://www.techradar.com/pro/chinas-largest-tech-company-unveils-plans-to-release-128tb-ssd-next-year-but-wont-sell-it-to-anyone-record-breaking-ssd-will-be-used-exclusively-in-its-exabyte-capable-oceanstor-a800-products). Revised from the screening estimate: Huawei's Q2 2026 external storage revenue is now taken from IDC's tracker, US$1,168.9m (was an assumed US$1.1bn). Flash systems 70% of it (60–80%) and SSD media 40% of flash-system value (25–50%) are unchanged 5LayerCake judgments. Central: 1,168.9 × 0.7 × 0.4 = US$327.3m; share = 327.3 / (40,900 + 327.3) = 0.79%. Low: 1,168.9 × 0.6 × 0.25 = US$175.3m → 0.43%. High: 1,168.9 × 0.8 × 0.5 = US$467.6m → 1.13%. Huawei's in-house value lies outside TrendForce's US$40.9bn market total (https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260826DG), so it is added to the denominator. No prior share is given: a Q2 2025 estimate by the same fractions (903.5 × 0.7 × 0.4 = US$253m, 4.4% of a US$5.5bn market) would not be comparable, because enterprise SSD prices rose several-fold in the year while storage-system revenue rose 29%, so the SSD media fraction would differ between the two quarters; the share-change component is left unavailable."},"interfaces-controllers":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.techradar.com/pro/chinas-largest-tech-company-unveils-plans-to-release-128tb-ssd-next-year-but-wont-sell-it-to-anyone-record-breaking-ssd-will-be-used-exclusively-in-its-exabyte-capable-oceanstor-a800-products","title":"China's largest tech company unveils plans to release 128TB SSD next year but won't sell it to anyone","publisher":"TechRadar","publishedDate":"2024-05-23","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Headline: Huawei's record SSD 'will be used exclusively in its Exabyte-capable OceanStor A800 products' and not sold to anyone; its SSD controllers are in-house (a Huawei-developed controller, per the quoted Huawei marketing VP) and count inside the SSD part. Page shows 'Published 23 May 2024'."}}},"screening":{"hbm":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":4},"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"374ed076621e998e178b11bbe32bef4d2eadf7149b0c550349fef982c9150e79"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"374ed076621e998e178b11bbe32bef4d2eadf7149b0c550349fef982c9150e79"}}},"ymtc":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"ymtc","name":"YMTC","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ymtc.com/en/products/58.html?cat=36","title":"YMTC PE511 PCIe 5.0 NVMe Enterprise SSD","publisher":"YMTC","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product menu: For Commercial > Enterprise SSDs (PE511, PE522, PE501) and For Individual Users; NAND appears only as a component; no DRAM or HBM. YMTC's drives use partner controllers (Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion, DERA, T-Head, per Counterpoint, 15 Oct 2026)."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ymtc.com/en/products/58.html?cat=36","title":"YMTC PE511 PCIe 5.0 NVMe Enterprise SSD","publisher":"YMTC","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product menu: For Commercial > Enterprise SSDs (PE511, PE522, PE501) and For Individual Users; NAND appears only as a component; no DRAM or HBM. YMTC's drives use partner controllers (Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion, DERA, T-Head, per Counterpoint, 15 Oct 2026)."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":0.9,"central":0.9,"high":0.9,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","title":"YMTC, 기업용 SSD 출하량 3년 만에 8배 급증 (YMTC enterprise SSD shipments up about eightfold in three years)","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-10-15","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Body text: YMTC quarterly revenue from RMB 1.9bn in Q1 2023 to RMB 73.8bn in Q2 2026; server-related revenue virtually zero in 2024, approaching 39% of revenue by 2028"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5) of YMTC's own-brand enterprise SSD sales only; NAND it sells to other SSD makers is credited to those sellers (screening: 0.70%; first revision 0.74%). Inputs: Q2 2026 revenue RMB 73.8bn (Counterpoint, this source) at CNY 6.8048 per US$ = US$10.85bn. Server-related share of revenue: Counterpoint says it was virtually zero in 2024 and approaches 39% of revenue by 2028; a straight line between those points gives about 19.5% in mid-2026 (23% if the line starts at the beginning of 2024), so 20% is used. Counterpoint also expects enterprise SSD shipments to rise about 8× from 2026 to 2028, so a back-loaded ramp would put the share lower; the T5 range covers it. Server-related revenue = US$2.17bn, mostly NAND sold into other makers' drives (Counterpoint names Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion, DERA and T-Head as controller partners; the Chinese sellers named in this file use YMTC NAND), which is credited to those sellers. The own-brand fraction of 17% is a 5LayerCake judgment, set so that YMTC and the 15 other non-top-five sellers together fit inside the TrendForce residual: those 15 sum to 6.87% of the function against a residual of 8.1%, which leaves about 1.2 points; a fraction of 28% would give 1.5% and push the sellers past the residual. Own-brand drives are PE511, PE522 and PE501 (https://www.ymtc.com/en/products/58.html?cat=36). Own-brand sales = US$369m; share = 369 / 40,900 = 0.9%. The function total is TrendForce's whole enterprise SSD market of US$40.9bn in 2Q26 (https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260826DG); the top five took US$37.59bn (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html), leaving about US$3.31bn (8.1%) for every other seller, which bounds this and the other non-top-five estimates. No prior or growth is given: YMTC's quarterly revenue for Q2 2025 is not published in an opened source, and its 2025 revenue (RMB 63.185bn, +39.8%, https://wallstreetcn.com/articles/3780014) is mostly consumer NAND. Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ch.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: CNY 6.8048 per US$ in Q2 2026. "},"interfaces-controllers":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ymtc.com/en/products/58.html?cat=36","title":"YMTC PE511 PCIe 5.0 NVMe Enterprise SSD","publisher":"YMTC","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Product menu: For Commercial > Enterprise SSDs (PE511, PE522, PE501) and For Individual Users; NAND appears only as a component; no DRAM or HBM. YMTC's drives use partner controllers (Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion, DERA, T-Head, per Counterpoint, 15 Oct 2026)."}}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":8790000000,"central":8790000000,"high":8790000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://wallstreetcn.com/articles/3780014","title":"长江存储科创板IPO已受理：1-3月营收470.42亿元，归母净利润333.79亿元","publisher":"华尔街见闻 (Wallstreetcn)","publishedDate":"2026-08-21","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Paragraph on results: 2025 revenue RMB 631.85亿, up about 39.8%; Q1 2026 revenue RMB 470.42亿"},"note":"YMTC's STAR Market prospectus (as reported by Wallstreetcn): 2025 revenue RMB 63.185bn at CNY 7.1875 per US$ = US$8.79bn. Mostly NAND; the filer is YMTC's parent holding company (长存控股), as the Wallstreetcn article names it. Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ch.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: CNY 7.1875 per US$ in CY2025. "},"screening":{"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"43ac2ce0077f1afb9b9840f8bc94b95cc0d850cd0fc90b695101e33d260ac63a"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"43ac2ce0077f1afb9b9840f8bc94b95cc0d850cd0fc90b695101e33d260ac63a"}}},"microchip":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"microchip","name":"Microchip Technology","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://eejournal.com/industry_news/microchip-introduces-industrys-highest-performance-16-channel-pcie-gen-5-enterprise-nvme-ssd-controller","title":"Microchip Introduces Industry's Highest-Performance 16-Channel PCIe Gen 5 Enterprise NVMe SSD Controller","publisher":"EEJournal (Microchip release)","publishedDate":"2022-03-03","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Microchip's Flashtec NVMe controllers 'enable SSD makers to meet hyperscale needs' (Meta quote); it sells controllers, not DRAM, HBM or SSDs."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://eejournal.com/industry_news/microchip-introduces-industrys-highest-performance-16-channel-pcie-gen-5-enterprise-nvme-ssd-controller","title":"Microchip Introduces Industry's Highest-Performance 16-Channel PCIe Gen 5 Enterprise NVMe SSD Controller","publisher":"EEJournal (Microchip release)","publishedDate":"2022-03-03","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Microchip's Flashtec NVMe controllers 'enable SSD makers to meet hyperscale needs' (Meta quote); it sells controllers, not DRAM, HBM or SSDs."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://eejournal.com/industry_news/microchip-introduces-industrys-highest-performance-16-channel-pcie-gen-5-enterprise-nvme-ssd-controller","title":"Microchip Introduces Industry's Highest-Performance 16-Channel PCIe Gen 5 Enterprise NVMe SSD Controller","publisher":"EEJournal (Microchip release)","publishedDate":"2022-03-03","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Microchip's Flashtec NVMe controllers 'enable SSD makers to meet hyperscale needs' (Meta quote); it sells controllers, not DRAM, HBM or SSDs."}},"interfaces-controllers":{"low":14.3,"central":14.3,"high":14.3,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://eejournal.com/industry_news/microchip-introduces-industrys-highest-performance-16-channel-pcie-gen-5-enterprise-nvme-ssd-controller","title":"Microchip Introduces Industry's Highest-Performance 16-Channel PCIe Gen 5 Enterprise NVMe SSD Controller","publisher":"EEJournal (Microchip release)","publishedDate":"2022-03-03","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Flashtec NVMe 4016 16-channel PCIe Gen 5 enterprise controller for cloud data centres; 'Now Sampling' (March 2022)"},"note":"Function model (T5, from the card notes): AI-related spend on this part is about US$1.1bn a year. Inside it, memory interface chips (RCD, data buffers, MRCD/MDB, PMICs, SPD hubs, temperature sensors) are about US$0.20bn (15% AI share of a roughly US$1.35bn market: Rambus 2025 product revenue US$347.8m at a mid-40% DDR5 RCD share, https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/, plus about US$0.6bn of companion chips), i.e. 18.2% of the part; merchant enterprise SSD controllers are about US$0.68bn (57% AI share of about US$1.2bn), i.e. 61.8%; CXL memory controllers are given 3.6% (5LayerCake allowance; not quantified in the card). Each company's share = its estimated share of its sub-pool × the sub-pool's fraction of the part. No public tracker exists (card knownGaps), so every share here is a 5LayerCake judgment. Microchip's Flashtec family is one of the main merchant enterprise SSD controllers; put at 22% of the controller sub-pool (13.6 points) plus 20% of the CXL allowance for its SMC CXL controllers (0.72 points); total 14.3%. Commercial activity is not marked verified: the opened source is a 2022 launch, and microchip.com returned 403."}},"screening":{"interfaces-controllers":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"68f98a957b86afc298399f3e41b24ac978f5a4b366efa398160ca5732366b9b9"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"68f98a957b86afc298399f3e41b24ac978f5a4b366efa398160ca5732366b9b9"}}},"marvell":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"marvell","name":"Marvell","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ithome.com/0/985/772.htm","title":"Marvell 公布 PCIe Gen6 固态硬盘主控 Bravera SC6：前代双倍性能","publisher":"IT之家 (ITHome)","publishedDate":"2026-08-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Marvell sells SSD controllers (Bravera SC6 announced at FMS 2026, sampling Q4 2026) and, per Futurum, Structera CXL devices; it makes no DRAM, HBM or SSDs."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ithome.com/0/985/772.htm","title":"Marvell 公布 PCIe Gen6 固态硬盘主控 Bravera SC6：前代双倍性能","publisher":"IT之家 (ITHome)","publishedDate":"2026-08-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Marvell sells SSD controllers (Bravera SC6 announced at FMS 2026, sampling Q4 2026) and, per Futurum, Structera CXL devices; it makes no DRAM, HBM or SSDs."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ithome.com/0/985/772.htm","title":"Marvell 公布 PCIe Gen6 固态硬盘主控 Bravera SC6：前代双倍性能","publisher":"IT之家 (ITHome)","publishedDate":"2026-08-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Marvell sells SSD controllers (Bravera SC6 announced at FMS 2026, sampling Q4 2026) and, per Futurum, Structera CXL devices; it makes no DRAM, HBM or SSDs."}},"interfaces-controllers":{"low":12.4,"central":12.4,"high":12.4,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://futurumgroup.com/insights/marvell-scales-ai-memory-to-48tb-behind-a-single-cxl-switch-at-fms-2026/","title":"Marvell Scales AI Memory to 48TB Behind a Single CXL Switch at FMS 2026","publisher":"Futurum Group","publishedDate":"2026-08-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Marvell says Structera X 2404 and 2504 CXL memory expanders are already shipping to hyperscalers; no volumes or revenue given"},"note":"Function model (T5, from the card notes): AI-related spend on this part is about US$1.1bn a year. Inside it, memory interface chips (RCD, data buffers, MRCD/MDB, PMICs, SPD hubs, temperature sensors) are about US$0.20bn (15% AI share of a roughly US$1.35bn market: Rambus 2025 product revenue US$347.8m at a mid-40% DDR5 RCD share, https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/, plus about US$0.6bn of companion chips), i.e. 18.2% of the part; merchant enterprise SSD controllers are about US$0.68bn (57% AI share of about US$1.2bn), i.e. 61.8%; CXL memory controllers are given 3.6% (5LayerCake allowance; not quantified in the card). Each company's share = its estimated share of its sub-pool × the sub-pool's fraction of the part. No public tracker exists (card knownGaps), so every share here is a 5LayerCake judgment. Marvell's Bravera enterprise SSD controllers (sold to hyperscale and SSD makers since the SC5) are put at 18% of the controller sub-pool (11.12 points) and its Structera CXL memory devices at 35% of the CXL allowance (1.26 points); total 12.4%. XConn (CXL switches) is consolidated with Marvell in the register."}},"screening":{"interfaces-controllers":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"f66da962025194f3d3857bf66482be2366422553ebed552d1e0e2d694818b219"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"f66da962025194f3d3857bf66482be2366422553ebed552d1e0e2d694818b219"}}},"memblaze":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"memblaze","name":"Memblaze","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.memblaze.com/en/about-company","title":"About us","publisher":"Memblaze","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Memblaze 'is a leading provider of enterprise-class SSD products and solutions'; PBlaze SSD timeline to March 2026; no DRAM, HBM or controller chips (its PBlaze7 7A40 uses a T-Head Zhenyue 510 controller, DOIT 17 May 2025). Page undated; latest entry March 2026."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.memblaze.com/en/about-company","title":"About us","publisher":"Memblaze","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Memblaze 'is a leading provider of enterprise-class SSD products and solutions'; PBlaze SSD timeline to March 2026; no DRAM, HBM or controller chips (its PBlaze7 7A40 uses a T-Head Zhenyue 510 controller, DOIT 17 May 2025). Page undated; latest entry March 2026."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":0.56,"central":0.56,"high":0.56,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.doit.com.cn/p/535258.html","title":"AI浪潮下的存储变革：企业级SSD主流厂商巡礼（2）","publisher":"DOIT","publishedDate":"2025-05-17","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"IDC: Memblaze about 2.9% of China's enterprise SSD market in 2023; DapuStor about 6.4%; Union Memory about 22%"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5), re-anchored on DapuStor's revised Q2 2026 revenue (screening: 0.44%). Memblaze's revenue is put at its 2023 IDC ratio to DapuStor (2.9 / 6.4 = 0.453) times DapuStor's Q2 2026 revenue of US$501.5m (RMB 3.412bn at CNY 6.8048 per US$; see dapustor.json) ≈ US$227.2m. The 2023 ratio is old and DapuStor has grown faster since, so this may overstate Memblaze. Share = 227.2 / 40,900 = 0.56%. Its own page says PBlaze SSDs serve internet, cloud and finance customers (https://www.memblaze.com/en/about-company). The function total is TrendForce's whole enterprise SSD market of US$40.9bn in 2Q26 (https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260826DG); the top five took US$37.59bn (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html), leaving about US$3.31bn (8.1%) for every other seller, which bounds this and the other non-top-five estimates. Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ch.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: CNY 6.8048 per US$ in Q2 2026. "},"interfaces-controllers":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.memblaze.com/en/about-company","title":"About us","publisher":"Memblaze","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Memblaze 'is a leading provider of enterprise-class SSD products and solutions'; PBlaze SSD timeline to March 2026; no DRAM, HBM or controller chips (its PBlaze7 7A40 uses a T-Head Zhenyue 510 controller, DOIT 17 May 2025). Page undated; latest entry March 2026."}}},"screening":{"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"cafde2a566ef779bf941be36684df0dc3c1bceb0e8a13527208e61f50244358e"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"cafde2a566ef779bf941be36684df0dc3c1bceb0e8a13527208e61f50244358e"}}},"montage-technology":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"montage-technology","name":"Montage","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2026/0424/2026042404088.pdf","title":"Montage Technology Co., Ltd. Annual Report 2025 (stock code 6809)","publisher":"Montage Technology Co., Ltd. (HKEXnews)","publishedDate":"2026-04-24","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Business Overview, 'Our products': two product lines, interconnect chips (memory interface chips, memory module supporting chips, PCIe Retimer chips, CXL MXC chips, clock chips) and the Jintide products (CPU, security and trust computing accelerator); no DRAM, HBM or SSD."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2026/0424/2026042404088.pdf","title":"Montage Technology Co., Ltd. Annual Report 2025 (stock code 6809)","publisher":"Montage Technology Co., Ltd. (HKEXnews)","publishedDate":"2026-04-24","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Business Overview, 'Our products': two product lines, interconnect chips (memory interface chips, memory module supporting chips, PCIe Retimer chips, CXL MXC chips, clock chips) and the Jintide products (CPU, security and trust computing accelerator); no DRAM, HBM or SSD."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2026/0424/2026042404088.pdf","title":"Montage Technology Co., Ltd. Annual Report 2025 (stock code 6809)","publisher":"Montage Technology Co., Ltd. (HKEXnews)","publishedDate":"2026-04-24","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Business Overview, 'Our products': two product lines, interconnect chips (memory interface chips, memory module supporting chips, PCIe Retimer chips, CXL MXC chips, clock chips) and the Jintide products (CPU, security and trust computing accelerator); no DRAM, HBM or SSD."}},"interfaces-controllers":{"low":8.2,"central":8.2,"high":8.2,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2026/0424/2026042404088.pdf","title":"Montage Technology Co., Ltd. Annual Report 2025 (stock code 6809)","publisher":"Montage Technology Co., Ltd. (HKEXnews)","publishedDate":"2026-04-24","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Business Overview and MD&A: Frost & Sullivan puts Montage first in the 2024 global memory interconnect chip market with about 36.8% of revenue (top three 93.4%); one of the only two global suppliers able to mass-produce first-generation MRCD/MDB chips; CXL 3.1 MXC chips sampling to key customers; 2025 interconnect chips revenue RMB 5,139m of RMB 5,456m."},"note":"Function model (T5, from the card notes): AI-related spend on this part is about US$1.1bn a year. Inside it, memory interface chips (RCD, data buffers, MRCD/MDB, PMICs, SPD hubs, temperature sensors) are about US$0.20bn (15% AI share of a roughly US$1.35bn market: Rambus 2025 product revenue US$347.8m at a mid-40% DDR5 RCD share, https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/, plus about US$0.6bn of companion chips), i.e. 18.2% of the part; merchant enterprise SSD controllers are about US$0.68bn (57% AI share of about US$1.2bn), i.e. 61.8%; CXL memory controllers are given 3.6% (5LayerCake allowance; not quantified in the card). Each company's share = its estimated share of its sub-pool × the sub-pool's fraction of the part. No public tracker exists (card knownGaps), so every share here is a 5LayerCake judgment. Montage put at 40% of the memory-interface sub-pool (Frost & Sullivan 36.8% in 2024, rising with MRDIMM) = 7.28 points, plus 25% of the CXL allowance (MXC chips) = 0.90 points; total 8.2%. Sources re-checked against Montage's own filings: the 2025 annual report on HKEXnews (this source) for the 36.8% share, MRCD/MDB and MXC facts; and the HKEX announcement of 17 July 2026 (https://www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2026/0717/2026071700055.pdf) for H1 2026 revenue of about RMB 3,335m, +26.6% on RMB 2,633m. The estimate stays T5: the sub-pool fractions are 5LayerCake judgments, and Frost & Sullivan's share covers all memory interconnect chips in 2024, not the AI-server part. "}},"screening":{"interfaces-controllers":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"8bd296848b0d97a2a8d9cc95b03fd05580890247d5bef19f86553961dc4e8d52"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"8bd296848b0d97a2a8d9cc95b03fd05580890247d5bef19f86553961dc4e8d52"}}},"silicon-motion":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"silicon-motion","name":"Silicon Motion","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/31/silicon-motion-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","title":"Silicon Motion: Fiscal 2Q26 Financial Results","publisher":"StorageNewsletter (Silicon Motion release)","publishedDate":"2026-07-31","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Silicon Motion sells SSD controllers and Ferri/boot-drive storage solutions; no DRAM or HBM."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/31/silicon-motion-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","title":"Silicon Motion: Fiscal 2Q26 Financial Results","publisher":"StorageNewsletter (Silicon Motion release)","publishedDate":"2026-07-31","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Silicon Motion sells SSD controllers and Ferri/boot-drive storage solutions; no DRAM or HBM."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":0.17,"central":0.17,"high":0.17,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/31/silicon-motion-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","title":"Silicon Motion: Fiscal 2Q26 Financial Results","publisher":"StorageNewsletter (Silicon Motion release)","publishedDate":"2026-07-31","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Q2 2026 net sales US$451.0m; 'Ferri & Boot Drive solutions sales: 2Q of 2026 increased 110% to 115% QoQ'; Ferri for automotive and enterprise boot drives"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5) of finished enterprise boot drives plus Shannon Systems' enterprise SSDs (consolidated). Ferri and boot-drive sales taken as 25% of Q2 revenue (20–35%) = US$113m, enterprise boot drives 45% of that = US$51m, plus Shannon about US$20m = US$71m. Share = 0.071 / 40.9 = 0.17%. The function total is TrendForce's whole enterprise SSD market of US$40.9bn in 2Q26 (https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260826DG); the top five took US$37.59bn (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html), leaving about US$3.31bn (8.1%) for every other seller, which bounds this and the other non-top-five estimates. Exchange rates assumed: RMB 7.1 and NT$32.3 per US$ (mid-2026, approximate). "},"interfaces-controllers":{"low":3.7,"central":3.7,"high":3.7,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/31/silicon-motion-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","title":"Silicon Motion: Fiscal 2Q26 Financial Results","publisher":"StorageNewsletter (Silicon Motion release)","publishedDate":"2026-07-31","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"CEO: MonTitan enterprise/AI SSD PCIe5 controllers; 'still in the early stages of bringing our new enterprise/AI infrastructure products into the mix'"},"note":"Function model (T5, from the card notes): AI-related spend on this part is about US$1.1bn a year. Inside it, memory interface chips (RCD, data buffers, MRCD/MDB, PMICs, SPD hubs, temperature sensors) are about US$0.20bn (15% AI share of a roughly US$1.35bn market: Rambus 2025 product revenue US$347.8m at a mid-40% DDR5 RCD share, https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/, plus about US$0.6bn of companion chips), i.e. 18.2% of the part; merchant enterprise SSD controllers are about US$0.68bn (57% AI share of about US$1.2bn), i.e. 61.8%; CXL memory controllers are given 3.6% (5LayerCake allowance; not quantified in the card). Each company's share = its estimated share of its sub-pool × the sub-pool's fraction of the part. No public tracker exists (card knownGaps), so every share here is a 5LayerCake judgment. Silicon Motion's enterprise controllers (MonTitan, in initial commercial production) and controllers for hyperscaler boot drives are put at 6% of the controller sub-pool: 6% × 61.8% = 3.71%."}},"screening":{"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"interfaces-controllers":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"4d00844ca4a7c8f932b500b884e2337907e4967bb510085a193d2b114bd9c933"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"4d00844ca4a7c8f932b500b884e2337907e4967bb510085a193d2b114bd9c933"}}},"longsys":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"longsys","name":"Longsys","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://wallstreetcn.com/articles/3779092","title":"江波龙上半年净利润同比增长71529%，拟最高8亿元回购股份 | 财报见闻","publisher":"华尔街见闻 (Wallstreetcn)","publishedDate":"2026-08-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Longsys is 'one of the few in China with both eSSD and RDIMM' design and volume supply; its RDIMMs are modules built from purchased DRAM (outside this sublayer under a recorded method decision); it makes no DRAM chips, HBM or merchant controllers (its own controllers go into its products)."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://wallstreetcn.com/articles/3779092","title":"江波龙上半年净利润同比增长71529%，拟最高8亿元回购股份 | 财报见闻","publisher":"华尔街见闻 (Wallstreetcn)","publishedDate":"2026-08-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Longsys is 'one of the few in China with both eSSD and RDIMM' design and volume supply; its RDIMMs are modules built from purchased DRAM (outside this sublayer under a recorded method decision); it makes no DRAM chips, HBM or merchant controllers (its own controllers go into its products)."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":0.3,"central":0.3,"high":0.3,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://wallstreetcn.com/articles/3779092","title":"江波龙上半年净利润同比增长71529%，拟最高8亿元回购股份 | 财报见闻","publisher":"华尔街见闻 (Wallstreetcn)","publishedDate":"2026-08-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"H1 2026 enterprise storage revenue RMB 21.40亿 (2.14bn), up 208.80%; page timestamp 08/10, article on the 2026 half-year report"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5), revised only for the exchange rate. H1 2026 enterprise storage revenue RMB 2.14bn (eSSD and RDIMM; the RDIMM modules are outside this sublayer under a recorded method decision); Q2 taken as 60% = RMB 1.284bn; eSSD taken as 65% of enterprise storage (50–80%) = RMB 0.8346bn, at CNY 6.8048 per US$ = US$122.6m. Share = 122.6 / 40,900 = 0.3% (screening: 0.29%). The function total is TrendForce's whole enterprise SSD market of US$40.9bn in 2Q26 (https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260826DG). Growth is not given: the +208.8% covers eSSD and RDIMM together and the RDIMM part is outside the sublayer. Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ch.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: CNY 6.8048 per US$ in Q2 2026. "},"interfaces-controllers":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://wallstreetcn.com/articles/3779092","title":"江波龙上半年净利润同比增长71529%，拟最高8亿元回购股份 | 财报见闻","publisher":"华尔街见闻 (Wallstreetcn)","publishedDate":"2026-08-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Longsys is 'one of the few in China with both eSSD and RDIMM' design and volume supply; its RDIMMs are modules built from purchased DRAM (outside this sublayer under a recorded method decision); it makes no DRAM chips, HBM or merchant controllers (its own controllers go into its products)."}}},"screening":{"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"aaae7c96bb3f81d84aa346c58f186fbe460a3b172868189361324ed5572edb6e"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"aaae7c96bb3f81d84aa346c58f186fbe460a3b172868189361324ed5572edb6e"}}},"fadu":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"fadu","name":"FADU","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/30/fadu-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","title":"FADU: Fiscal 2Q26 Financial Results","publisher":"StorageNewsletter (FADU release)","publishedDate":"2026-07-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"FADU sells enterprise SSD controllers (Gen5, Gen6) and SSDs; no DRAM or HBM."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/30/fadu-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","title":"FADU: Fiscal 2Q26 Financial Results","publisher":"StorageNewsletter (FADU release)","publishedDate":"2026-07-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"FADU sells enterprise SSD controllers (Gen5, Gen6) and SSDs; no DRAM or HBM."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":0.06,"central":0.06,"high":0.06,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/30/fadu-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","title":"FADU: Fiscal 2Q26 Financial Results","publisher":"StorageNewsletter (FADU release)","publishedDate":"2026-07-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Q2 2026 revenue KRW 73.2bn, up about 23% from KRW 59.5bn in Q1; H1 KRW 132.7bn; no split by product"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Q2 2026 revenue KRW 73.2bn ≈ US$48.8m at KRW 1500.48 per US$ (Fed H.10 Q2 2026 average; the screening pass assumed KRW 1,380); finished SSDs taken as half = US$24.4m (share unchanged at 0.06%). Share = 0.0244 / 40.9 = 0.06%. The function total is TrendForce's whole enterprise SSD market of US$40.9bn in 2Q26 (https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260826DG); the top five took US$37.59bn (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html), leaving about US$3.31bn (8.1%) for every other seller, which bounds this and the other non-top-five estimates. Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ko.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: KRW 1,500.48 per US$ in Q2 2026. "},"interfaces-controllers":{"low":4.9,"central":4.9,"high":4.9,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/30/fadu-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","title":"FADU: Fiscal 2Q26 Financial Results","publisher":"StorageNewsletter (FADU release)","publishedDate":"2026-07-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Q2 2026 revenue KRW 73.2bn; Gen5 and Gen6 controllers; new server OEM customers"},"note":"Function model (T5, from the card notes): AI-related spend on this part is about US$1.1bn a year. Inside it, memory interface chips (RCD, data buffers, MRCD/MDB, PMICs, SPD hubs, temperature sensors) are about US$0.20bn (15% AI share of a roughly US$1.35bn market: Rambus 2025 product revenue US$347.8m at a mid-40% DDR5 RCD share, https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/, plus about US$0.6bn of companion chips), i.e. 18.2% of the part; merchant enterprise SSD controllers are about US$0.68bn (57% AI share of about US$1.2bn), i.e. 61.8%; CXL memory controllers are given 3.6% (5LayerCake allowance; not quantified in the card). Each company's share = its estimated share of its sub-pool × the sub-pool's fraction of the part. No public tracker exists (card knownGaps), so every share here is a 5LayerCake judgment. Half of FADU's revenue (about US$24.4m a quarter at KRW 1500.48 per US$, US$98m a year) taken as controllers; at the card's 57% AI share that is about US$56m a year, about 8.2% of the US$0.68bn sub-pool; put at 8% of the sub-pool: 8% × 61.8% = 4.94% (unchanged)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":73200000000,"central":73200000000,"high":73200000000,"unit":"KRW","basis":"Revenue, calendar quarter, Korean won (controllers and enterprise SSDs)","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/30/fadu-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","title":"FADU: Fiscal 2Q26 Financial Results","publisher":"StorageNewsletter (FADU release)","publishedDate":"2026-07-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Headline: 'Generating ₩73.2 billion, up 23% QoQ and up 210% YoY'; body: Q2 revenue of ₩73.2 billion, up 23% from ₩59.5 billion"},"note":"The company reports Q2 2026 revenue of KRW 73.2bn. FADU sells enterprise SSD controllers and enterprise SSDs (hyperscaler mass production), so total revenue measures its activity in this sublayer."},"prior":{"low":23600000000,"central":23600000000,"high":23600000000,"unit":"KRW","basis":"Revenue, calendar quarter, Korean won (controllers and enterprise SSDs)","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/30/fadu-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","title":"FADU: Fiscal 2Q26 Financial Results","publisher":"StorageNewsletter (FADU release)","publishedDate":"2026-07-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Headline: 'Generating ₩73.2 billion, up 23% QoQ and up 210% YoY'; body: 'more than three times the revenue of the same period last year'"},"note":"The company's headline gives Q2 2026 revenue of KRW 73.2bn, up 210% on a year earlier, so Q2 2025 = 73.2 / 3.10 = KRW 23.6bn (the body says 'more than three times', consistent). Growth is +210%, ln(3.10)."}},"screening":{"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"interfaces-controllers":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"37c9bbc0f50e35f730e9b1a2948a767ccfd8dae7a513783ce9db64f897f37f3c"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"37c9bbc0f50e35f730e9b1a2948a767ccfd8dae7a513783ce9db64f897f37f3c"}}},"rambus":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"rambus","name":"Rambus","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.rambus.com/second-quarter-2026-financial-results/","title":"Rambus Reports Second Quarter 2026 Financial Results","publisher":"Rambus Inc.","publishedDate":"2026-07-27","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Rambus sells memory interface chips ('complete chipsets for DDR5 9600 server and client memory modules') and licenses IP; no DRAM, HBM or SSDs."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.rambus.com/second-quarter-2026-financial-results/","title":"Rambus Reports Second Quarter 2026 Financial Results","publisher":"Rambus Inc.","publishedDate":"2026-07-27","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Rambus sells memory interface chips ('complete chipsets for DDR5 9600 server and client memory modules') and licenses IP; no DRAM, HBM or SSDs."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.rambus.com/second-quarter-2026-financial-results/","title":"Rambus Reports Second Quarter 2026 Financial Results","publisher":"Rambus Inc.","publishedDate":"2026-07-27","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Rambus sells memory interface chips ('complete chipsets for DDR5 9600 server and client memory modules') and licenses IP; no DRAM, HBM or SSDs."}},"interfaces-controllers":{"low":4.5,"central":4.5,"high":4.5,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.rambus.com/second-quarter-2026-financial-results/","title":"Rambus Reports Second Quarter 2026 Financial Results","publisher":"Rambus Inc.","publishedDate":"2026-07-27","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Q2 2026 product revenue US$99.2m, up 13% QoQ and 22% YoY (record)"},"note":"Function model (T5, from the card notes): AI-related spend on this part is about US$1.1bn a year. Inside it, memory interface chips (RCD, data buffers, MRCD/MDB, PMICs, SPD hubs, temperature sensors) are about US$0.20bn (15% AI share of a roughly US$1.35bn market: Rambus 2025 product revenue US$347.8m at a mid-40% DDR5 RCD share, https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/, plus about US$0.6bn of companion chips), i.e. 18.2% of the part; merchant enterprise SSD controllers are about US$0.68bn (57% AI share of about US$1.2bn), i.e. 61.8%; CXL memory controllers are given 3.6% (5LayerCake allowance; not quantified in the card). Each company's share = its estimated share of its sub-pool × the sub-pool's fraction of the part. No public tracker exists (card knownGaps), so every share here is a 5LayerCake judgment. Rambus put at 25% of the memory-interface sub-pool: annualised Q2 product revenue about US$400m against Montage's larger memory-interface sales, and a mid-40% DDR5 RCD share in 2025 (the company says, card source). 25% × 18.2% = 4.55%."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":99200000,"central":99200000,"high":99200000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Product revenue (memory interface chips and companion chips), calendar quarter, US dollars","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.rambus.com/second-quarter-2026-financial-results/","title":"Rambus Reports Second Quarter 2026 Financial Results","publisher":"Rambus Inc.","publishedDate":"2026-07-27","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Highlights: record product revenue of $99.2 million, up 13% QoQ and 22% YoY"},"note":"The company reports Q2 2026 product revenue of US$99.2m. Product revenue is its chip business (DDR5 RCD, PMIC, SPD hub and temperature sensor chips); royalties and contract revenue are IP and are not counted here. The chips serve servers and clients, so only part is AI-related."},"prior":{"low":81300000,"central":81300000,"high":81300000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Product revenue (memory interface chips and companion chips), calendar quarter, US dollars","period":"Q2 2025 (calendar quarter)","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.rambus.com/second-quarter-2025-financial-results/","title":"Rambus Reports Second Quarter 2025 Financial Results","publisher":"Rambus Inc.","publishedDate":"2025-07-28","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Highlights: record quarterly product revenue of $81.3 million, up 43% year over year"},"note":"The company reports Q2 2025 product revenue of US$81.3m. Growth 99.2 / 81.3 = +22%, matching the company's stated 22% year-on-year increase."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":347800000,"central":347800000,"high":347800000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Product revenue (chips), calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/","title":"Rambus (RMBS) Q4 2025 Earnings Call Transcript","publisher":"Rambus Inc. (transcript published by The Motley Fool)","publishedDate":"2026-02-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"CFO Desmond Lynch: 2025 product revenue US$347.8m"},"note":"Product revenue only (the chip business that sits in this sublayer); Rambus's royalties and contract revenue are IP licensing and are scored in Tools, so they are left out. The company says 2025 product revenue was US$347.8m."},"screening":{"interfaces-controllers":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"8d1e70ff66f2b6f09836aecda17f70e958c51f9304993906a4c76887e7132331"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"8d1e70ff66f2b6f09836aecda17f70e958c51f9304993906a4c76887e7132331"}}},"innogrit":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"innogrit","name":"InnoGrit","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.zhitongcaijing.com/content/detail/1465486.html","title":"英韧科技科创板IPO已问询 为数据存储主控芯片与半导体存储产品提供商","publisher":"智通财经 (Zhitong Finance)","publishedDate":"2026-07-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Business: R&D, design and sale of data-storage controller chips and SSDs, with enterprise products such as AI SSDs at the core; no DRAM or HBM."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.zhitongcaijing.com/content/detail/1465486.html","title":"英韧科技科创板IPO已问询 为数据存储主控芯片与半导体存储产品提供商","publisher":"智通财经 (Zhitong Finance)","publishedDate":"2026-07-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Business: R&D, design and sale of data-storage controller chips and SSDs, with enterprise products such as AI SSDs at the core; no DRAM or HBM."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":0.19,"central":0.19,"high":0.19,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://chinaflashmarket.com/a/183938","title":"英韧科技企业级SSD市场份额突破，PCIe和SATA eSSD分列本土供应商第四、二位","publisher":"CFM 闪存市场","publishedDate":"2026-06-03","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"IDC data cited: InnoGrit 4th in China SATA eSSD (2nd domestic) and 6th in PCIe eSSD (4th domestic) by revenue and capacity; PCIe eSSD business up over 150%"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5), revised only for the exchange rate. 2025 revenue RMB 1.034bn (STAR Market filing, Zhitong, https://www.zhitongcaijing.com/content/detail/1465486.html); enterprise SSDs taken as about half = RMB 0.517bn a year; Q2 2026 put at 4× the 2025 quarterly average after the 2026 price rise = RMB 0.517bn, at CNY 6.8048 per US$ = US$76m. Share = 76 / 40,900 = 0.19% (screening: 0.18%). The function total is TrendForce's whole enterprise SSD market of US$40.9bn in 2Q26 (https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260826DG). Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ch.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: CNY 6.8048 per US$ in Q2 2026. "},"interfaces-controllers":{"low":1.9,"central":1.9,"high":1.9,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.zhitongcaijing.com/content/detail/1465486.html","title":"英韧科技科创板IPO已问询 为数据存储主控芯片与半导体存储产品提供商","publisher":"智通财经 (Zhitong Finance)","publishedDate":"2026-07-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Business: data-storage controller chips and SSDs; 2023–2025 revenue RMB 0.358bn, 0.625bn, 1.034bn"},"note":"Function model (T5, from the card notes): AI-related spend on this part is about US$1.1bn a year. Inside it, memory interface chips (RCD, data buffers, MRCD/MDB, PMICs, SPD hubs, temperature sensors) are about US$0.20bn (15% AI share of a roughly US$1.35bn market: Rambus 2025 product revenue US$347.8m at a mid-40% DDR5 RCD share, https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/, plus about US$0.6bn of companion chips), i.e. 18.2% of the part; merchant enterprise SSD controllers are about US$0.68bn (57% AI share of about US$1.2bn), i.e. 61.8%; CXL memory controllers are given 3.6% (5LayerCake allowance; not quantified in the card). Each company's share = its estimated share of its sub-pool × the sub-pool's fraction of the part. No public tracker exists (card knownGaps), so every share here is a 5LayerCake judgment. InnoGrit sells controllers (mostly client, some enterprise) to other SSD makers; its enterprise merchant controller position is put at 3% of the controller sub-pool: 3% × 61.8% = 1.85%."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":250,"central":250,"high":250,"unit":"index","basis":"PCIe enterprise SSD revenue, calendar year, index (CY2024 = 100); at least +150% as reported","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://chinaflashmarket.com/a/183938","title":"英韧科技企业级SSD市场份额突破，PCIe和SATA eSSD分列本土供应商第四、二位","publisher":"CFM 闪存市场","publishedDate":"2026-06-03","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Paragraph on PCIe eSSD: 2025 ranked sixth in revenue and capacity, 4th among domestic suppliers, related business up over 150% year on year"},"note":"IDC data as cited by CFM Flash Market (IDC itself was not opened): InnoGrit's PCIe enterprise SSD business grew by more than 150% in 2025. A lower bound of +150% is written as an index (2024 = 100, 2025 = 250), so the true growth is at least this."},"prior":{"low":100,"central":100,"high":100,"unit":"index","basis":"PCIe enterprise SSD revenue, calendar year, index (CY2024 = 100); at least +150% as reported","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://chinaflashmarket.com/a/183938","title":"英韧科技企业级SSD市场份额突破，PCIe和SATA eSSD分列本土供应商第四、二位","publisher":"CFM 闪存市场","publishedDate":"2026-06-03","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Same paragraph: related business up over 150% year on year"},"note":"Base year of the index. No absolute revenue is published for this product line."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":144000000,"central":144000000,"high":144000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.zhitongcaijing.com/content/detail/1465486.html","title":"英韧科技科创板IPO已问询 为数据存储主控芯片与半导体存储产品提供商","publisher":"智通财经 (Zhitong Finance)","publishedDate":"2026-07-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Revenue 2023 to 2025: RMB 0.358bn, 0.625bn, 1.034bn"},"note":"RMB 1.034bn (STAR Market IPO filing, as reported by Zhitong Finance) at CNY 7.1875 per US$ = US$144m. It covers controllers and SSDs for client and enterprise use. Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ch.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: CNY 7.1875 per US$ in CY2025. "},"screening":{"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"interfaces-controllers":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"6c4039a14baee0bbfd8c98f9e3244739bea014a6d3466caf65519d2d2c308112"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"6c4039a14baee0bbfd8c98f9e3244739bea014a6d3466caf65519d2d2c308112"}}},"kingston":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"kingston","name":"Kingston","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.silicon.co.uk/press-release/kingston-digital-releases-enterprise-class-gen5-data-center-ssd","title":"Kingston Digital Releases Enterprise Class Gen5 Data Center SSD","publisher":"Silicon UK (Kingston release)","publishedDate":"2025-04-07","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Kingston DC3000ME data-centre SSD 'is available in 3.84TB, 7.68TB and 15.36TB capacities' for AI, HPC, cloud and hyperscale buyers; Kingston makes no DRAM chips, HBM or controllers (its DRAM modules use purchased chips and fall under a recorded method decision)."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.silicon.co.uk/press-release/kingston-digital-releases-enterprise-class-gen5-data-center-ssd","title":"Kingston Digital Releases Enterprise Class Gen5 Data Center SSD","publisher":"Silicon UK (Kingston release)","publishedDate":"2025-04-07","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Kingston DC3000ME data-centre SSD 'is available in 3.84TB, 7.68TB and 15.36TB capacities' for AI, HPC, cloud and hyperscale buyers; Kingston makes no DRAM chips, HBM or controllers (its DRAM modules use purchased chips and fall under a recorded method decision)."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":0.05,"central":0.24,"high":0.61,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.silicon.co.uk/press-release/kingston-digital-releases-enterprise-class-gen5-data-center-ssd","title":"Kingston Digital Releases Enterprise Class Gen5 Data Center SSD","publisher":"Silicon UK (Kingston release)","publishedDate":"2025-04-07","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"DC3000ME release, 7 April 2025: product available to system integrators, hyperscale data centres and cloud providers"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5), widened. Kingston publishes no revenue, and no opened source gives its data-centre SSD sales, shipments or customers. Input: only the product announcement (DC3000ME, 3.84 to 15.36TB, offered to system integrators, hyperscale and cloud buyers; Silicon UK, 7 Apr 2025). Method: a size-class judgment. Kingston is not among the sellers TrendForce names, so it sits below Sandisk's US$2.98bn; its DC drives are sold through integrators and distributors, so they are put in the same class as the other small sellers whose revenue is not reported (BIWIN 0.11%, Silicon Motion 0.17%, InnoGrit 0.19% and DERA 0.19% of the function): about US$0.10bn in Q2 2026 = 0.24%, with a range of US$0.02bn to US$0.25bn (0.05% to 0.61%) written in low and high. Commercial activity is not marked verified: the only opened source is a 2025 product announcement, which shows a product on offer, not current sales. The function total is TrendForce's whole enterprise SSD market of US$40.9bn in 2Q26 (https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260826DG); the top five took US$37.59bn (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html), leaving about US$3.31bn (8.1%) for every other seller, which bounds this and the other non-top-five estimates. "},"interfaces-controllers":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.silicon.co.uk/press-release/kingston-digital-releases-enterprise-class-gen5-data-center-ssd","title":"Kingston Digital Releases Enterprise Class Gen5 Data Center SSD","publisher":"Silicon UK (Kingston release)","publishedDate":"2025-04-07","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Kingston DC3000ME data-centre SSD 'is available in 3.84TB, 7.68TB and 15.36TB capacities' for AI, HPC, cloud and hyperscale buyers; Kingston makes no DRAM chips, HBM or controllers (its DRAM modules use purchased chips and fall under a recorded method decision)."}}},"screening":{"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"e2e529c8e21f4de8fc540803db8fb26f357e5c2470092aad7bac50727a8b0056"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"e2e529c8e21f4de8fc540803db8fb26f357e5c2470092aad7bac50727a8b0056"}}},"dera":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"dera","name":"DERA","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/chinese-ssd-vendor-raises-150-million","title":"Chinese SSD vendor raises $150 million","publisher":"eeNews Europe","publishedDate":"2022-01-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"DERA: 'a developer of enterprise-level SSDs and SSD controller ICs'; no DRAM or HBM."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/chinese-ssd-vendor-raises-150-million","title":"Chinese SSD vendor raises $150 million","publisher":"eeNews Europe","publishedDate":"2022-01-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"DERA: 'a developer of enterprise-level SSDs and SSD controller ICs'; no DRAM or HBM."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"low":0.19,"central":0.19,"high":0.19,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=17009","title":"[News] What Are Chinese Enterprise SSD Manufacturers Competing For?","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2024-10-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"DERA listed among China's enterprise SSD supply chain players"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5), re-anchored on the revised Memblaze estimate (screening: 0.15%); no DERA revenue is published. DERA makes enterprise NVMe SSDs on its own controllers for internet, operator, finance and energy customers (eeNews Europe, Jan 2022, https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/chinese-ssd-vendor-raises-150-million). Its Q2 2026 revenue is put at about one third of Memblaze's US$227.2m ≈ US$75.7m. Share = 75.7 / 40,900 = 0.19%. Commercial activity is not marked verified: no opened source shows current sales (a Lens Technology statement of 3 March 2026 on volume shipments of DERA drives reached only a market-news feed, not an opened primary source). The function total is TrendForce's whole enterprise SSD market of US$40.9bn in 2Q26 (https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260826DG); the top five took US$37.59bn (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html), leaving about US$3.31bn (8.1%) for every other seller, which bounds this and the other non-top-five estimates. Exchange rate: Federal Reserve H.10 daily noon buying rates (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h10/hist/dat00_ch.htm; release of 19 Oct 2026), averaged over the period: CNY 6.8048 per US$ in Q2 2026. "},"interfaces-controllers":{"low":1.2,"central":1.2,"high":1.2,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","title":"YMTC, 기업용 SSD 출하량 3년 만에 8배 급증 (YMTC enterprise SSD shipments up about eightfold in three years)","publisher":"Counterpoint Research","publishedDate":"2026-10-15","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Controller partners named for YMTC: Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion, DERA, T-Head"},"note":"Function model (T5, from the card notes): AI-related spend on this part is about US$1.1bn a year. Inside it, memory interface chips (RCD, data buffers, MRCD/MDB, PMICs, SPD hubs, temperature sensors) are about US$0.20bn (15% AI share of a roughly US$1.35bn market: Rambus 2025 product revenue US$347.8m at a mid-40% DDR5 RCD share, https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/, plus about US$0.6bn of companion chips), i.e. 18.2% of the part; merchant enterprise SSD controllers are about US$0.68bn (57% AI share of about US$1.2bn), i.e. 61.8%; CXL memory controllers are given 3.6% (5LayerCake allowance; not quantified in the card). Each company's share = its estimated share of its sub-pool × the sub-pool's fraction of the part. No public tracker exists (card knownGaps), so every share here is a 5LayerCake judgment. DERA's controllers mostly go into its own drives (SSD part); Counterpoint names it among YMTC's controller partners, so merchant supply is put at 2% of the controller sub-pool: 2% × 61.8% = 1.24%."}},"screening":{"data-centre-ssd":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"interfaces-controllers":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"fcbd4984db8aecb35bbf42689859c5a4a1ebf77f7deb1aeea09d0a5948db53a7"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"fcbd4984db8aecb35bbf42689859c5a4a1ebf77f7deb1aeea09d0a5948db53a7"}}},"renesas":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"renesas","name":"Renesas Electronics","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"hbm":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/renesas-gen-3-mrdimm-chipset-solutions-advance-ddr5-memory-performance-to-16000-mt-s-for-next-gen-ai-and-hpc-applications/","title":"Renesas Gen 3 MRDIMM Chipset Solutions Advance DDR5 Memory Performance to 16,000 MT/s for Next-Gen AI and HPC Applications","publisher":"EEJournal (Renesas release)","publishedDate":"2026-07-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Renesas offers a 'production-ready MRDIMM platform, spanning MRCD, MDB, Power Management ICs (PMIC)', plus SPD hubs and temperature sensors; it makes no DRAM, HBM or SSDs."}},"server-dram":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/renesas-gen-3-mrdimm-chipset-solutions-advance-ddr5-memory-performance-to-16000-mt-s-for-next-gen-ai-and-hpc-applications/","title":"Renesas Gen 3 MRDIMM Chipset Solutions Advance DDR5 Memory Performance to 16,000 MT/s for Next-Gen AI and HPC Applications","publisher":"EEJournal (Renesas release)","publishedDate":"2026-07-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Renesas offers a 'production-ready MRDIMM platform, spanning MRCD, MDB, Power Management ICs (PMIC)', plus SPD hubs and temperature sensors; it makes no DRAM, HBM or SSDs."}},"data-centre-ssd":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/renesas-gen-3-mrdimm-chipset-solutions-advance-ddr5-memory-performance-to-16000-mt-s-for-next-gen-ai-and-hpc-applications/","title":"Renesas Gen 3 MRDIMM Chipset Solutions Advance DDR5 Memory Performance to 16,000 MT/s for Next-Gen AI and HPC Applications","publisher":"EEJournal (Renesas release)","publishedDate":"2026-07-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Renesas offers a 'production-ready MRDIMM platform, spanning MRCD, MDB, Power Management ICs (PMIC)', plus SPD hubs and temperature sensors; it makes no DRAM, HBM or SSDs."}},"interfaces-controllers":{"low":2.7,"central":2.7,"high":2.7,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's revenue in US dollars, latest reported calendar quarter","period":"Q2 2026 (calendar quarter), 5LayerCake estimate","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/renesas-gen-3-mrdimm-chipset-solutions-advance-ddr5-memory-performance-to-16000-mt-s-for-next-gen-ai-and-hpc-applications/","title":"Renesas Gen 3 MRDIMM Chipset Solutions Advance DDR5 Memory Performance to 16,000 MT/s for Next-Gen AI and HPC Applications","publisher":"EEJournal (Renesas release)","publishedDate":"2026-07-30","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Gen 3 MRCD (RRG5013) and MDB (RRG5103) sampling, production 2H 2027; field-proven Gen 2 MRDIMM platform; PMICs, SPD hubs, temperature sensors"},"note":"Function model (T5, from the card notes): AI-related spend on this part is about US$1.1bn a year. Inside it, memory interface chips (RCD, data buffers, MRCD/MDB, PMICs, SPD hubs, temperature sensors) are about US$0.20bn (15% AI share of a roughly US$1.35bn market: Rambus 2025 product revenue US$347.8m at a mid-40% DDR5 RCD share, https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/, plus about US$0.6bn of companion chips), i.e. 18.2% of the part; merchant enterprise SSD controllers are about US$0.68bn (57% AI share of about US$1.2bn), i.e. 61.8%; CXL memory controllers are given 3.6% (5LayerCake allowance; not quantified in the card). Each company's share = its estimated share of its sub-pool × the sub-pool's fraction of the part. No public tracker exists (card knownGaps), so every share here is a 5LayerCake judgment. Renesas is the third DDR5 RCD supplier with Montage and Rambus and also sells PMICs, SPD hubs and sensors; put at 15% of the memory-interface sub-pool: 15% × 18.2% = 2.73%."}},"screening":{"interfaces-controllers":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"1c0a7d3e23a086ddcaf80c1f23a9ea611c52a859cc12a676a9836cd766149719"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"1c0a7d3e23a086ddcaf80c1f23a9ea611c52a859cc12a676a9836cd766149719"}}}},"ratings":{"sk-hynix":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"sk-hynix","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"hbm":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260213-12929.html","date":"2026-02-13","support":"TrendForce: Samsung, SK hynix and Micron in final HBM4 validation; three-supplier NVIDIA ecosystem expected."},{"url":"https://www.koreajoongangdaily.com/business/chinas-cxmt-begins-hbm3e-production-as-chip-battle-with-korean-powerhouses-widens/12854260","date":"2026-09-01","support":"CXMT began only small-scale HBM3E output and 'remains a generation behind' the three HBM4 makers."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://view.asiae.co.kr/en/article/2025091919025243075","date":"2025-09-19","support":"Samsung's 12-high HBM3E passed NVIDIA certification about 19 months after development (headline, para 1)."},{"url":"https://blocksandfiles.com/flash/2026/07/31/for-samsung-hbm-is-the-gift-that-keeps-on-giving/5281709","date":"2026-07-31","support":"Samsung expects shortage through 2028; article notes new fabs take over three years to reach wafer output."},{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/30/sk-hynix-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","date":"2026-07-30","support":"The company says customer demand exceeds supply capabilities; Yongin Phase 1 cleanroom opens early 2027."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09","support":"Q2 2026 HBM revenue: SK hynix 50%, Samsung 33%, Micron 18% (chart; page dated by month only)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2025/10/29/news-sk-hynix-posts-record-3q-profit-three-highlights-spotlight-hbm4-soaring-capex-and-2026-outlook/","date":"2025-10-29","support":"SK hynix: all 2026 HBM supply negotiations with key customers are complete."},{"url":"https://www.thestack.technology/micron-warns-on-supply-boasts-monster-profits-take-or-pay-memory-deals/","date":"2026-10-01","support":"Micron CEO says supply 'much tighter' in fiscal 2027-28; tight even with new 2028 cleanroom space."}]}},"server-dram":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09","support":"Q2 2026 DRAM revenue: Samsung 38%, SK hynix 25%, Micron 24%, CXMT 10%, Nanya 2% (page dated by month only)."},{"url":"https://thenextweb.com/news/chinas-cxmt-wins-a-reported-3bn-memory-deal-with-tencent","date":"2026-06-29","support":"Tencent has been testing CXMT DDR5 for servers; dominant suppliers are Korean and American."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260709-13140.html","date":"2026-07-09","support":"TrendForce: server DRAM market undersupplied; 2027 RDIMM bit supply to grow only 15-20% YoY."},{"url":"https://blocksandfiles.com/flash/2026/07/31/for-samsung-hbm-is-the-gift-that-keeps-on-giving/5281709","date":"2026-07-31","support":"Samsung expects shortage through 2028; article notes new fabs take over three years to reach wafer output."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260709-13140.html","date":"2026-07-09","support":"TrendForce: server DRAM market undersupplied; 2027 RDIMM bit supply to grow only 15-20% YoY."},{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/30/sk-hynix-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","date":"2026-07-30","support":"The company says customer demand exceeds supply capabilities; Yongin Phase 1 cleanroom opens early 2027."}]}},"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260603KA","date":"2026-06-03","support":"TrendForce expects 'persistent undersupply in enterprise storage' long-term; limited new wafer space delays additions."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/07/31/news-kioxia-1qfy26-gross-margin-hits-80-reaffirms-50-lta-target-for-2028/","date":"2026-07-31","support":"Kioxia says NAND demand outpaced supply and expects that to continue in 2027; TrendForce sees looser 2H27."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260728RU","date":"2026-07-29","support":"TrendForce: 'As suppliers boost production, improved supply has eased urgent order pressures' in eSSD."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"sk-hynix","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"hbm":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260213-12929.html","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Samsung and Micron are the only other HBM makers; TrendForce expects NVIDIA to take all three into its HBM4 supply chain, validation due by 2Q26 (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.koreajoongangdaily.com/business/chinas-cxmt-begins-hbm3e-production-as-chip-battle-with-korean-powerhouses-widens/12854260","date":"2026-09-01","support":"CXMT is a generation behind and only starting small-scale HBM3E, so no fourth supplier is qualified (full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://theprint.in/tech/exclusive-samsungs-8-layer-hbm3e-chips-clear-nvidias-tests-for-use-sources-say/2211708/","date":"2024-08-07","support":"Samsung sought NVIDIA approval for HBM3E from 2023; only the 8-layer version passed by Aug 2024, the 12-layer not yet. Qualification alone took over a year (Reuters via ThePrint, full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=64868","date":"2026-10-06","support":"Next DRAM capacity from Micron (Idaho ID1, Tongluo) is due around mid-2027 and Samsung P5 and Micron ID2 in 2028 or later, so replacing half of HBM output means fabs 2-4 years out (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.nextplatform.com/store/2026/10/02/microns-numbers-show-why-hbm4-memory-is-worth-15x-its-weight-in-gold/5300701","date":"2026-10-02","support":"Micron says it has agreements for the vast majority of its calendar 2027 HBM bit supply (company quote in article, full date), leaving rivals little spare HBM."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09-02","support":"Q2 2026 HBM revenue shares: SK hynix 50%, Samsung 33%, Micron 18%. The best alternative holds about two thirds of SK hynix's volume (date as recorded in the card for this page)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/03/09/news-samsung-sk%E2%80%AFhynix-reportedly-tapped-as-nvidia-rubin-hbm4-suppliers-shipments-could-start-in-march","date":"2026-03-09","support":"Samsung reportedly passed NVIDIA's HBM4 tests first while SK hynix was still tuning to 11Gb/s, so capability is close and the gap is mainly capacity (full date)."}]}},"server-dram":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09-02","support":"Samsung (38%), Micron (24%), CXMT (10%) and Nanya (2%) are the other DRAM suppliers in Q2 2026; only the first two are full-scale (date as recorded in the card)."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/cxmt-stock-market-big-three-memory-club","date":"2026-07-16","support":"CXMT's server parts are reaching global OEMs but it is limited by U.S. tool restrictions (full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/business/tech-science/20251218/sk-hynix-secures-intel-certification-for-256gb-ddr5","date":"2025-12-18","support":"SK hynix was first to finish Intel's Data Center Certified process for a 256GB DDR5 RDIMM on Xeon 6; platform validation is a real gate, duration not stated (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","date":"2026-09-07","support":"Supplier inventories are at historic lows and extra supply goes mainly to servers, so rivals cannot quickly take over a quarter of volume (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","date":"2026-09-07","support":"Samsung (US$60.98bn) is larger than SK hynix (US$38.59bn) and Micron is close (US$36.0bn) in Q2 2026 DRAM revenue, so alternatives are at or above scale (full date)."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09-02","support":"SK hynix holds 25% against Samsung's 38% (date as recorded in the card for this page)."}]}},"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Samsung, Micron, Kioxia and SanDisk are the other four top-five enterprise SSD vendors in 2Q26 (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"Chinese enterprise SSD vendors are growing for local hyperscalers (full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260721-13148.html","date":"2026-07-21","support":"NAND is undersupplied through 2026 and balances only in 2H 2027, so SK hynix Group's roughly 23% of top-five revenue cannot be re-sourced quickly (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Kioxia's 218-layer drives only just won qualification with major North American clouds, showing qualification takes quarters (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Samsung (about US$14.35bn) is larger than SK hynix Group (over US$8.63bn); Solidigm grew ultra-high-capacity QLC, and Samsung, Micron and SanDisk also drove QLC growth (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260313-12967.html","date":"2026-03-13","support":"Competitive leadership will depend on who delivers stable PCIe 6.0 SSDs first, so no rival is clearly ahead (full date shown)."}]}}}}},"samsung-electronics":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"samsung-electronics","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"hbm":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260213-12929.html","date":"2026-02-13","support":"TrendForce: Samsung, SK hynix and Micron in final HBM4 validation; three-supplier NVIDIA ecosystem expected."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/03/09/news-samsung-sk%E2%80%AFhynix-reportedly-tapped-as-nvidia-rubin-hbm4-suppliers-shipments-could-start-in-march","date":"2026-03-09","support":"SK hynix expected to take over half of NVIDIA's 2026 HBM; Samsung to lead Rubin HBM4; Micron mid-tier parts."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://blocksandfiles.com/flash/2026/07/31/for-samsung-hbm-is-the-gift-that-keeps-on-giving/5281709","date":"2026-07-31","support":"Samsung expects shortage through 2028; article notes new fabs take over three years to reach wafer output."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2025/10/29/news-sk-hynix-posts-record-3q-profit-three-highlights-spotlight-hbm4-soaring-capex-and-2026-outlook/","date":"2025-10-29","support":"SK hynix: all 2026 HBM supply negotiations with key customers are complete."},{"url":"https://www.thestack.technology/micron-warns-on-supply-boasts-monster-profits-take-or-pay-memory-deals/","date":"2026-10-01","support":"Micron CEO says supply 'much tighter' in fiscal 2027-28; tight even with new 2028 cleanroom space."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09","support":"Q2 2026 HBM revenue: SK hynix 50%, Samsung 33%, Micron 18% (chart; page dated by month only)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2025/12/30/news-samsung-reportedly-plans-50-hbm-capacity-surge-in-2026","date":"2025-12-30","support":"Samsung HBM capacity reported ~170k wafers/month, aiming ~250k by end-2026; SK hynix ~160-170k."}]}},"server-dram":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09","support":"Q2 2026 DRAM revenue: Samsung 38%, SK hynix 25%, Micron 24%, CXMT 10%, Nanya 2% (page dated by month only)."},{"url":"https://thenextweb.com/news/chinas-cxmt-wins-a-reported-3bn-memory-deal-with-tencent","date":"2026-06-29","support":"Tencent has been testing CXMT DDR5 for servers; dominant suppliers are Korean and American."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260709-13140.html","date":"2026-07-09","support":"TrendForce: server DRAM market undersupplied; 2027 RDIMM bit supply to grow only 15-20% YoY."},{"url":"https://blocksandfiles.com/flash/2026/07/31/for-samsung-hbm-is-the-gift-that-keeps-on-giving/5281709","date":"2026-07-31","support":"Samsung expects shortage through 2028; article notes new fabs take over three years to reach wafer output."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09","support":"Q2 2026 DRAM revenue: Samsung 38%, SK hynix 25%, Micron 24%, CXMT 10%, Nanya 2% (page dated by month only)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260709-13140.html","date":"2026-07-09","support":"TrendForce: server DRAM market undersupplied; 2027 RDIMM bit supply to grow only 15-20% YoY."},{"url":"https://blocksandfiles.com/flash/2026/07/31/for-samsung-hbm-is-the-gift-that-keeps-on-giving/5281709","date":"2026-07-31","support":"Samsung says 'our customers' demand is outgrowing our supply' and expects the market to stay undersupplied."}]}},"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260603KA","date":"2026-06-03","support":"TrendForce expects 'persistent undersupply in enterprise storage' long-term; limited new wafer space delays additions."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/07/31/news-kioxia-1qfy26-gross-margin-hits-80-reaffirms-50-lta-target-for-2028/","date":"2026-07-31","support":"Kioxia says NAND demand outpaced supply and expects that to continue in 2027; TrendForce sees looser 2H27."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260603KA","date":"2026-06-03","support":"TrendForce expects 'persistent undersupply in enterprise storage' long-term; limited new wafer space delays additions."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"samsung-electronics","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"hbm":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260213-12929.html","date":"2026-02-13","support":"SK hynix and Micron are the other two HBM makers, both in HBM4 validation with NVIDIA by 2Q26 (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/03/09/news-samsung-sk%E2%80%AFhynix-reportedly-tapped-as-nvidia-rubin-hbm4-suppliers-shipments-could-start-in-march","date":"2026-03-09","support":"SK hynix reportedly sits beside Samsung on the Rubin HBM4 list; Micron is expected to supply mid-tier Rubin CPX rather than the flagship (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://theprint.in/tech/exclusive-samsungs-8-layer-hbm3e-chips-clear-nvidias-tests-for-use-sources-say/2211708/","date":"2024-08-07","support":"Samsung's own HBM3E path shows the cost of entry: sought approval from 2023, 8-layer passed Aug 2024, 12-layer still pending (Reuters via ThePrint, full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=64868","date":"2026-10-06","support":"New DRAM capacity arrives from mid-2027 (Micron ID1, Tongluo), Feb 2027 (SK hynix Y1 cleanroom) and 2028-2029 (Samsung P5, Micron ID2); absorbing a third of HBM output is a 2+ year job (reading of the schedule, full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","date":"2026-09-07","support":"The three majors expect to add bits mainly by process migration with only modest wafer-start increases from 2026 to 2027 (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09-02","support":"SK hynix leads HBM at 50% against Samsung's 33% in Q2 2026, so the best alternative is larger than Samsung (date as recorded in the card for this page)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260213-12929.html","date":"2026-02-13","support":"TrendForce expects SK hynix to keep an edge in bit allocation from its long NVIDIA partnership (full date shown)."}]}},"server-dram":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09-02","support":"Q2 2026 DRAM revenue: Samsung 38%, SK hynix 25%, Micron 24%, CXMT 10%, Nanya 2%. Two full-scale alternatives, plus two small or China-centred ones (date as recorded in the card)."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/cxmt-stock-market-big-three-memory-club","date":"2026-07-16","support":"CXMT has about 9% of global bit shipments; its server-grade parts are only now reaching global OEMs (full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","date":"2026-09-07","support":"Samsung took about 39% of Q2 2026 DRAM revenue; supplier inventories are at historic lows and the majors add bits mainly by process migration (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=64868","date":"2026-10-06","support":"New fabs arrive from mid-2027 (Micron), 2027 (SK hynix Y1 cleanroom) and 2028-2029 (Samsung), so replacing Samsung's volume needs 2+ years of new capacity (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","date":"2026-09-07","support":"Samsung US$60.98bn vs SK hynix US$38.59bn and Micron US$36.0bn in Q2 2026 DRAM revenue: the best alternative is about 63% of Samsung's size (full date)."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09-02","support":"Samsung leads DRAM by 13 points over SK hynix (date as recorded in the card for this page)."}]}},"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"The other four top-five vendors (SK hynix Group with Solidigm, Micron, Kioxia, SanDisk) all sell enterprise SSDs; Samsung had about US$14.35bn of US$37.59bn in 2Q26 (full date)."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"Chinese vendors are adding enterprise SSD volume for China's hyperscalers (full date shown); they are not yet global alternatives."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260313-12967.html","date":"2026-03-13","support":"TrendForce says Samsung's own DRAM and NAND let it secure stable SSD supply while customers worried about shortages (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260721-13148.html","date":"2026-07-21","support":"NAND is undersupplied in 2026 (deficit 4-5%) with fab space constrained; balance returns only in 2H 2027, which I read as 1-2 years to replace Samsung's volume (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"The best alternative, SK hynix Group, had over US$8.63bn against Samsung's about US$14.35bn in 2Q26 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260313-12967.html","date":"2026-03-13","support":"TrendForce treats Samsung's vertical integration as a strength rivals lack (full date shown)."}]}}}}},"micron":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"micron","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"hbm":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260213-12929.html","date":"2026-02-13","support":"TrendForce: Samsung, SK hynix and Micron in final HBM4 validation; three-supplier NVIDIA ecosystem expected."},{"url":"https://www.koreajoongangdaily.com/business/chinas-cxmt-begins-hbm3e-production-as-chip-battle-with-korean-powerhouses-widens/12854260","date":"2026-09-01","support":"CXMT began only small-scale HBM3E output and 'remains a generation behind' the three HBM4 makers."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260213-12929.html","date":"2026-02-13","support":"TrendForce: Samsung, SK hynix and Micron in final HBM4 validation; three-supplier NVIDIA ecosystem expected."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2025/12/30/news-samsung-reportedly-plans-50-hbm-capacity-surge-in-2026","date":"2025-12-30","support":"Samsung HBM capacity reported ~170k wafers/month, aiming ~250k by end-2026; SK hynix ~160-170k."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09","support":"Q2 2026 HBM revenue: SK hynix 50%, Samsung 33%, Micron 18% (chart; page dated by month only)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2025/10/29/news-sk-hynix-posts-record-3q-profit-three-highlights-spotlight-hbm4-soaring-capex-and-2026-outlook/","date":"2025-10-29","support":"SK hynix: all 2026 HBM supply negotiations with key customers are complete."},{"url":"https://www.thestack.technology/micron-warns-on-supply-boasts-monster-profits-take-or-pay-memory-deals/","date":"2026-10-01","support":"Micron CEO says supply 'much tighter' in fiscal 2027-28; tight even with new 2028 cleanroom space."}]}},"server-dram":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09","support":"Q2 2026 DRAM revenue: Samsung 38%, SK hynix 25%, Micron 24%, CXMT 10%, Nanya 2% (page dated by month only)."},{"url":"https://thenextweb.com/news/chinas-cxmt-wins-a-reported-3bn-memory-deal-with-tencent","date":"2026-06-29","support":"Tencent has been testing CXMT DDR5 for servers; dominant suppliers are Korean and American."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260709-13140.html","date":"2026-07-09","support":"TrendForce: server DRAM market undersupplied; 2027 RDIMM bit supply to grow only 15-20% YoY."},{"url":"https://www.thestack.technology/micron-warns-on-supply-boasts-monster-profits-take-or-pay-memory-deals/","date":"2026-10-01","support":"Micron CEO says supply 'much tighter' in fiscal 2027-28; tight even with new 2028 cleanroom space."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260709-13140.html","date":"2026-07-09","support":"TrendForce: server DRAM market undersupplied; 2027 RDIMM bit supply to grow only 15-20% YoY."},{"url":"https://blocksandfiles.com/flash/2026/07/31/for-samsung-hbm-is-the-gift-that-keeps-on-giving/5281709","date":"2026-07-31","support":"Samsung says 'our customers' demand is outgrowing our supply' and expects the market to stay undersupplied."}]}},"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260728RU","date":"2026-07-29","support":"TrendForce: 'As suppliers boost production, improved supply has eased urgent order pressures' in eSSD."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/07/31/news-kioxia-1qfy26-gross-margin-hits-80-reaffirms-50-lta-target-for-2028/","date":"2026-07-31","support":"Kioxia says NAND demand outpaced supply and expects that to continue in 2027; TrendForce sees looser 2H27."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"micron","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"hbm":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260213-12929.html","date":"2026-02-13","support":"Samsung and SK hynix are the other two HBM makers and are also finishing HBM4 validation by 2Q26 (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/03/09/news-samsung-sk%E2%80%AFhynix-reportedly-tapped-as-nvidia-rubin-hbm4-suppliers-shipments-could-start-in-march","date":"2026-03-09","support":"Samsung and SK hynix are reportedly the Rubin HBM4 suppliers; Micron is expected mainly for Rubin CPX (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.nextplatform.com/store/2026/10/02/microns-numbers-show-why-hbm4-memory-is-worth-15x-its-weight-in-gold/5300701","date":"2026-10-02","support":"Micron says it has completed agreements for the vast majority of its calendar 2027 HBM bit supply (company quote in article, full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=64868","date":"2026-10-06","support":"New DRAM capacity comes from Feb 2027 (SK hynix Y1 cleanroom) and 2028-2029 (Samsung P5); I read absorbing Micron's 18% as roughly 1-2 years of expansion (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09-02","support":"SK hynix (50%) and Samsung (33%) each hold more HBM revenue than Micron's 18% in Q2 2026, so the best alternative is larger (date as recorded in the card)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/03/09/news-samsung-sk%E2%80%AFhynix-reportedly-tapped-as-nvidia-rubin-hbm4-suppliers-shipments-could-start-in-march","date":"2026-03-09","support":"Samsung reportedly led NVIDIA's HBM4 qualification while Micron was slower and tied to mid-tier parts, so rivals are at least at parity (full date)."}]}},"server-dram":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09-02","support":"Samsung (38%) and SK hynix (25%) are the full-scale alternatives; CXMT (10%) and Nanya (2%) are smaller (date as recorded in the card)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","date":"2026-09-07","support":"Micron is steering its mix to higher-priced server DRAM, which TrendForce links to capacity limits (full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=64868","date":"2026-10-06","support":"Rivals' added capacity: SK hynix Y1 cleanroom from Feb 2027, Samsung P5 around 2028; replacing about a quarter of DRAM supply takes about 2 years (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","date":"2026-09-07","support":"Supplier inventories are at historic lows and bit growth relies on process migration (full date shown)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","date":"2026-09-07","support":"Samsung (US$60.98bn) and SK hynix (US$38.59bn) both report larger Q2 2026 DRAM revenue than Micron's US$36.0bn (full date)."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09-02","support":"Micron's 24% sits just below SK hynix's 25% (date as recorded in the card for this page)."}]}},"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Samsung, SK hynix Group, Kioxia and SanDisk are the other four top-five vendors; Micron had about US$6.98bn in 2Q26 (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"Chinese suppliers add further options inside China (full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Micron shifted capacity toward enterprise SSDs and HBM in 2Q26, showing suppliers can reallocate quickly; its roughly 19% share is absorbable by four peers (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260721-13148.html","date":"2026-07-21","support":"NAND stays undersupplied in 2026, which slows but does not block re-sourcing (full date shown)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Micron ships 232-layer high-capacity QLC; Samsung, Solidigm and SanDisk also ship high-capacity QLC, so rivals are at parity (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260313-12967.html","date":"2026-03-13","support":"The 4Q25 ranking put Samsung and SK Group ahead of Micron (about US$1.4bn), so larger alternatives exist (full date shown)."}]}}}}},"kioxia":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"kioxia","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260728RU","date":"2026-07-29","support":"TrendForce: 'As suppliers boost production, improved supply has eased urgent order pressures' in eSSD."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/07/31/news-kioxia-1qfy26-gross-margin-hits-80-reaffirms-50-lta-target-for-2028/","date":"2026-07-31","support":"Kioxia says NAND demand outpaced supply and expects that to continue in 2027; TrendForce sees looser 2H27."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260603KA","date":"2026-06-03","support":"TrendForce expects 'persistent undersupply in enterprise storage' long-term; limited new wafer space delays additions."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"kioxia","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Samsung, SK hynix Group, Micron and SanDisk are the other four top-five enterprise SSD vendors; Kioxia had over US$4.64bn in 2Q26 (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"Chinese vendors add options in China only (full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Kioxia's 218-layer products won qualification at major North American clouds in 2Q26; peers hold similar qualifications, so its roughly 12% share can be re-sourced within quarters (reading, full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260721-13148.html","date":"2026-07-21","support":"NAND is undersupplied but fab space is being upgraded by all makers, so extra bits come with node migration (full date shown)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Samsung, Solidigm and SanDisk also ship high-capacity QLC enterprise SSDs, so Kioxia's best alternative is near parity (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260313-12967.html","date":"2026-03-13","support":"No rival is yet clearly ahead on PCIe 6.0 (full date shown)."}]}}}}},"cxmt":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"cxmt","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"server-dram":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09","support":"Q2 2026 DRAM revenue: Samsung 38%, SK hynix 25%, Micron 24%, CXMT 10%, Nanya 2% (page dated by month only)."},{"url":"https://thenextweb.com/news/chinas-cxmt-wins-a-reported-3bn-memory-deal-with-tencent","date":"2026-06-29","support":"Tencent has been testing CXMT's DDR5 for servers; dominant suppliers are Korean and American."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260709-13140.html","date":"2026-07-09","support":"TrendForce: server DRAM market undersupplied; 2027 RDIMM bit supply to grow only 15-20% YoY."},{"url":"https://thenextweb.com/news/chinas-cxmt-wins-a-reported-3bn-memory-deal-with-tencent","date":"2026-06-29","support":"'AI infrastructure has soaked up DRAM faster than the industry can produce it.'"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09","support":"Q2 2026 DRAM revenue: Samsung 38%, SK hynix 25%, Micron 24%, CXMT 10%, Nanya 2% (page dated by month only)."},{"url":"https://technode.com/2026/10/12/cxmt-plans-next-generation-ddr5-server-memory-using-denser-dram-architecture/","date":"2026-10-12","support":"CXMT plans a new DDR5 RDIMM by end-2026; server business grew in H1 2026, no figures."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"cxmt","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"server-dram":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09-02","support":"Samsung, SK hynix, Micron and Nanya all sell DRAM against CXMT's 10% (date as recorded in the card): up to four alternatives."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","date":"2026-09-07","support":"TrendForce's Q2 2026 ranking names Samsung, SK hynix, Micron and Nanya as the main DRAM sellers (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/cxmt-stock-market-big-three-memory-club","date":"2026-07-16","support":"CXMT runs about 320,000 wafers a month and plans about 420,000 by 2027; matching that volume elsewhere needs new capacity (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","date":"2026-09-07","support":"With inventories at historic lows, other makers cannot absorb extra volume without new wafers (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/cxmt-stock-market-big-three-memory-club","date":"2026-07-16","support":"U.S. restrictions bar CXMT from advanced lithography tools, so alternatives are at least as capable; the gap is capacity only (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","date":"2026-09-07","support":"The three majors together hold roughly 88% of DRAM revenue, a larger base than CXMT's (full date)."}]}}}}},"sandisk":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"sandisk","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260728RU","date":"2026-07-29","support":"TrendForce: 'As suppliers boost production, improved supply has eased urgent order pressures' in eSSD."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0002023554/000162828026053346/sndkq4-26ex991xpressrelease.htm","date":"2026-08-05","support":"The company says fiscal Q4 datacenter revenue was $2,977 million, up 103% sequentially."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"sandisk","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Samsung, SK hynix Group, Micron and Kioxia are the four larger enterprise SSD vendors; SanDisk had nearly US$2.98bn in 2Q26 (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"Chinese vendors add options inside China (full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"SanDisk's high-capacity QLC enterprise SSDs only entered volume ramp-up in 2Q26 and held about 8% of top-five revenue; peers already ship similar drives (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260721-13148.html","date":"2026-07-21","support":"NAND is undersupplied in 2026, which slows re-sourcing but the volume is small (full date shown)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"QLC growth also came from Samsung, Solidigm and Micron, so alternatives match SanDisk's capability (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260313-12967.html","date":"2026-03-13","support":"In 4Q25 SanDisk was the smallest of the top five at about US$440m (full date shown)."}]}}}}},"union-memory":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"union-memory","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."},{"url":"https://www.unionmemory.com/news_detail-31-199.html","date":"2026-05-15","support":"The company says IDC ranks it first among domestic vendors with 15.5% of China eSSD in 2025."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260728RU","date":"2026-07-29","support":"TrendForce: 'As suppliers boost production, improved supply has eased urgent order pressures' in eSSD."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"TrendForce names five large eSSD vendors and flags 'rising output from Chinese suppliers' (closing paragraph)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"union-memory","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.unionmemory.com/news_detail-31-199.html","date":"2026-05-15","support":"Company says it holds 15.5% of China's enterprise SSD market per IDC, first among domestic vendors (company statement, full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Five global vendors sell enterprise SSDs at scale, and TrendForce expects rising Chinese output to reshape competition (full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.unionmemory.com/news_detail-31-199.html","date":"2026-05-15","support":"Company says its PCIe 5.0 SSDs passed Intel BKC and link tests (company statement); I read per-SKU qualification as months to re-source a 1.7% share (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"Chinese hyperscalers are the growth base; many suppliers compete for the same buyers (full date shown)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Samsung, Solidigm, Micron, Kioxia and SanDisk all ship PCIe 5.0 and QLC enterprise SSDs that exceed or match a small supplier's range (full date shown)."}]}}}}},"phison":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"phison","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"TrendForce names five large eSSD vendors and flags 'rising output from Chinese suppliers' (closing paragraph)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260728RU","date":"2026-07-29","support":"TrendForce: 'As suppliers boost production, improved supply has eased urgent order pressures' in eSSD."},{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","date":"2026-10-18","support":"Phison's Pascari: 21 customers shipping, nine accounts still in qualification (the company says)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."}]}},"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.36kr.com/p/3913771917399424","date":"2026-07-27","support":"Prospectus summary lists controller rivals Marvell, Silicon Motion, Phison, FADU, Maxio and T-Head."},{"url":"https://blocksandfiles.com/2023/06/12/phison-largest-ssd-supplier-no-one-knows-about/","date":"2023-06-12","support":"Phison is a design partner to main NAND makers; Marvell competes in controllers."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"Counterpoint: YMTC's enterprise SSDs use controller partners Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion, DERA and T-Head."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"Counterpoint: YMTC's enterprise SSDs use controller partners Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion, DERA and T-Head."},{"url":"https://eejournal.com/industry_news/microchip-introduces-high-performance-pcie-gen-5-ssd-controller-family","date":"2024-08-06","support":"Microchip's fifth-generation Flashtec Gen5 controller; partners Solidigm, Kioxia, Micron and Longsys."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"phison","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"The five top vendors plus Chinese suppliers and other module makers sell enterprise SSDs; Phison's Pascari line is a small entrant (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","date":"2026-10-18","support":"Phison says 21 Pascari customers are shipping and nine accounts are in qualification (company statement via press tour, full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","date":"2026-10-18","support":"About 70 more accounts are trying to enter qualification, so qualification is a real gate for any replacement SSD line (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260721-13148.html","date":"2026-07-21","support":"NAND is undersupplied in 2026 (full date shown)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Top vendors ship broader Gen5 and QLC enterprise SSD ranges than Phison's year-old Pascari line (full date shown)."}]}},"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1835632/000183563226000011/mrvl-20260131.htm","date":"2026-03-11","support":"Marvell's annual report names Phison and Silicon Motion as competitors (company filing, full date shown)."},{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","date":"2026-10-18","support":"Phison's closest independent rival is Silicon Motion, with Q2 revenue US$451.0m (article, full date)."},{"url":"https://eejournal.com/industry_news/microchip-introduces-industrys-highest-performance-16-channel-pcie-gen-5-enterprise-nvme-ssd-controller","date":"2022-03-03","support":"Microchip's Flashtec has partners including Solidigm, Kioxia and SK hynix (company statement, full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","date":"2026-10-18","support":"Phison says nine accounts are in qualification and about 70 more are trying to enter; the Pascari line is about a year old (company statement, full date)."},{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/31/silicon-motion-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","date":"2026-07-31","support":"SMI says its new enterprise controllers are still early stage (company statement, full date shown)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","date":"2026-10-18","support":"Phison says its AI-related revenue jumped from under 5% to 38% in Q2 2026; SMI is described as still early in enterprise (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.epdtonthenet.net/article/217101/High-Performance-PCIe-Gen5-SSD-Controller.aspx","date":"2025-08-14","support":"SMI's SM8366 claims over 14.2 GB/s and 3.5M IOPS (company claims, full date shown)."}]}}}}},"nanya-technology":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"nanya-technology","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"server-dram":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09","support":"Q2 2026 DRAM revenue: Samsung 38%, SK hynix 25%, Micron 24%, CXMT 10%, Nanya 2% (page dated by month only)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://focustaiwan.tw/business/202610120025","date":"2026-10-12","support":"Nanya: DDR5 about 10% of revenue; no near-term plan to raise it, DDR4 demand strong."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260709-13140.html","date":"2026-07-09","support":"TrendForce: server DRAM market undersupplied; 2027 RDIMM bit supply to grow only 15-20% YoY."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09","support":"Q2 2026 DRAM revenue: Samsung 38%, SK hynix 25%, Micron 24%, CXMT 10%, Nanya 2% (page dated by month only)."},{"url":"https://focustaiwan.tw/business/202610120025","date":"2026-10-12","support":"AI infrastructure products are 'more than 20 percent' of Nanya's revenue; DDR5 only ~10%."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"nanya-technology","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"server-dram":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09-02","support":"Samsung, SK hynix, Micron and CXMT supply DRAM against Nanya's 2% share (date as recorded in the card)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=65146","date":"2026-10-12","support":"AI infrastructure including servers is more than 20% of Nanya's revenue, a small book other suppliers can serve (full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260907-13219.html","date":"2026-09-07","support":"Nanya's Q2 2026 DRAM revenue was US$2.61bn against US$36bn to US$61bn for each major, so its volume is small to replace (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=65146","date":"2026-10-12","support":"Nanya's new Fab 5A reaches 30,000 wafers a month only by end-2028, so it is a marginal supplier meanwhile (full date shown)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=65146","date":"2026-10-12","support":"Nanya's 1c node only enters customer validation in Q1 2027, behind the majors' nodes (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/en/insights/global-dram-and-hbm-market-share","date":"2026-09-02","support":"Nanya holds 2% of DRAM revenue; the leaders at 24% to 38% each offer more capability and capacity (date as recorded in the card)."}]}}}}},"dapustor":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"dapustor","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"TrendForce names five large eSSD vendors and flags 'rising output from Chinese suppliers' (closing paragraph)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/research/download/RP260728RU","date":"2026-07-29","support":"TrendForce: 'As suppliers boost production, improved supply has eased urgent order pressures' in eSSD."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"2Q26 eSSD revenue: Samsung $14.35bn, SK hynix Group $8.63bn, Micron $6.98bn, Kioxia $4.64bn, SanDisk $2.98bn."},{"url":"https://technode.com/2026/08/26/dapustor-plans-hong-kong-listing-after-first-half-revenue-jumps-531/","date":"2026-08-26","support":"DapuStor H1 2026 revenue RMB 4.72bn, up 531%, from data-centre enterprise SSDs."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"dapustor","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"data-centre-ssd":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.unionmemory.com/news_detail-31-199.html","date":"2026-05-15","support":"Union Memory alone claims 15.5% of China's enterprise SSD market, so other domestic suppliers can take DapuStor's share (company statement, full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Five global vendors add depth beyond China's suppliers (full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://technode.com/2026/08/26/dapustor-plans-hong-kong-listing-after-first-half-revenue-jumps-531/","date":"2026-08-26","support":"DapuStor's first-half 2026 revenue was RMB4.72bn, up 531%, so a lost supplier means re-qualifying other SSDs at its customers over months (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260721-13148.html","date":"2026-07-21","support":"NAND tightness in 2026 slows replacement (full date shown)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260901-13210.html","date":"2026-09-01","support":"Global leaders ship Gen5 and QLC enterprise SSDs matching or exceeding a small supplier's range (full date shown)."}]}}}}},"huawei":{},"ymtc":{},"microchip":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"microchip","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.36kr.com/p/3913771917399424","date":"2026-07-27","support":"Prospectus summary lists controller rivals Marvell, Silicon Motion, Phison, FADU, Maxio and T-Head."},{"url":"https://investor.marvell.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/277/marvell-introduces-bravera-ssd-controllers-to-enable-the-highest-performing-data-center-flash-storage-solutions","date":"2021-05-27","support":"Bravera SC5 data-centre controllers developed with Microsoft Azure; Facebook, Kioxia, SK hynix endorse them."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/amp/business/tech-science/20250827/fabless-chip-firm-fadu-seeks-to-restore-tarnished-reputation","date":"2025-08-27","support":"FADU CEO: supply deals with two of four top hyperscalers; volume from next year; all four in 2-3 years."},{"url":"https://m.jiemian.com/article/15047691.html","date":"undated","support":"Enterprise SSD market has high technical barriers and long certification cycles (page undated)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://investor.marvell.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/277/marvell-introduces-bravera-ssd-controllers-to-enable-the-highest-performing-data-center-flash-storage-solutions","date":"2021-05-27","support":"Bravera SC5 data-centre controllers developed with Microsoft Azure; Facebook, Kioxia, SK hynix endorse them."},{"url":"https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/amp/business/tech-science/20250827/fabless-chip-firm-fadu-seeks-to-restore-tarnished-reputation","date":"2025-08-27","support":"FADU CEO: mass-production supply deals with two of the top four hyperscalers."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"microchip","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://eejournal.com/industry_news/microchip-introduces-industrys-highest-performance-16-channel-pcie-gen-5-enterprise-nvme-ssd-controller","date":"2022-03-03","support":"Company release quotes Solidigm, Kioxia, SK hynix, Memblaze and Inspur as Flashtec partners (company statement, full date)."},{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","date":"2026-10-18","support":"Phison reports Pascari with 21 customers shipping (company statement via press tour, full date)."},{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/30/fadu-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","date":"2026-07-30","support":"FADU says it is securing new server OEM customers for its Gen5 controller (company statement, full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://eejournal.com/industry_news/microchip-introduces-industrys-highest-performance-16-channel-pcie-gen-5-enterprise-nvme-ssd-controller","date":"2022-03-03","support":"Inspur is quoted saying reuse of known Flashtec generational architecture reduces development risk; I read a controller change as redesign and requalification (company release, full date shown)."},{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","date":"2026-10-18","support":"Nine accounts are in qualification for Phison's Pascari line, which is about a year old (company statement via press tour, full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.epdtonthenet.net/article/217101/High-Performance-PCIe-Gen5-SSD-Controller.aspx","date":"2025-08-14","support":"SMI's SM8366 Gen5 controller claims over 14.2 GB/s and 3.5M IOPS, close to the over 14 GB/s and 3M IOPS Microchip claims (company claims, full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/30/fadu-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","date":"2026-07-30","support":"FADU says its Gen5 is the flagship and securing server OEMs (company statement, full date)."}]}}}}},"marvell":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"marvell","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.36kr.com/p/3913771917399424","date":"2026-07-27","support":"Prospectus summary lists controller rivals Marvell, Silicon Motion, Phison, FADU, Maxio and T-Head."},{"url":"https://eejournal.com/industry_news/microchip-introduces-high-performance-pcie-gen-5-ssd-controller-family","date":"2024-08-06","support":"Microchip's fifth-generation Flashtec Gen5 controller; partners Solidigm, Kioxia, Micron and Longsys."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/amp/business/tech-science/20250827/fabless-chip-firm-fadu-seeks-to-restore-tarnished-reputation","date":"2025-08-27","support":"FADU CEO: supply deals with two of four top hyperscalers; volume from next year; all four in 2-3 years."},{"url":"https://m.jiemian.com/article/15047691.html","date":"undated","support":"Enterprise SSD market has high technical barriers and long certification cycles (page undated)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://eejournal.com/industry_news/microchip-introduces-high-performance-pcie-gen-5-ssd-controller-family","date":"2024-08-06","support":"Microchip's fifth-generation Flashtec Gen5 controller; partners Solidigm, Kioxia, Micron and Longsys."},{"url":"https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/amp/business/tech-science/20250827/fabless-chip-firm-fadu-seeks-to-restore-tarnished-reputation","date":"2025-08-27","support":"FADU CEO: supply deals with two of four top hyperscalers; volume from next year; all four in 2-3 years."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"marvell","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1835632/000183563226000011/mrvl-20260131.htm","date":"2026-03-11","support":"Marvell's annual report names Phison and Silicon Motion among its competitors (company filing, full date shown)."},{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","date":"2026-10-18","support":"Phison says Pascari reaches two of three tier-1 cloud providers (company statement via press tour, full date)."},{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/30/fadu-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","date":"2026-07-30","support":"FADU says its Gen5 controller is its flagship and it is securing new server OEM customers (company statement, full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://futurumgroup.com/insights/marvell-scales-ai-memory-to-48tb-behind-a-single-cxl-switch-at-fms-2026/","date":"2026-08-05","support":"Marvell's Bravera SC6 PCIe 6.0 controller starts sampling Q4 2026 and supports NAND from multiple suppliers; I read a controller swap as a new SSD design (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/31/silicon-motion-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","date":"2026-07-31","support":"SMI says it is still early in bringing new enterprise controllers to market; with the Aug 2025 SM8366 launch I read a year-plus ramp (company statement, full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://futurumgroup.com/insights/marvell-scales-ai-memory-to-48tb-behind-a-single-cxl-switch-at-fms-2026/","date":"2026-08-05","support":"SC6 doubles SC5 performance and the CXL line adds XConn's merchant switch; Astera Labs is the main CXL rival (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260313-12967.html","date":"2026-03-13","support":"Leadership will depend on who delivers stable PCIe 6.0 solutions first (full date shown)."}]}}}}},"memblaze":{},"montage-technology":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"montage-technology","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/917273/000119312526057101/rmbs-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-18","support":"Rambus 10-K names memory interface rivals MPS, Montage, Renesas and TI (Item 1, Competition; EDGAR date)."},{"url":"https://www.renesas.com/DDR5","date":"undated","support":"Renesas offers RCDs, MRCDs, MDBs, PMICs, SPD hubs and sensors for DDR5 server DIMMs (page undated)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/917273/000119312526057101/rmbs-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-18","support":"Rambus 10-K: customer qualification 'may continue for several months', then months more to volume (Item 1A)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thestandard.com.hk/innovation/article/323961/Chinese-chip-firm-Montage-Technology-soars-64-percent-in-Hong-Kong-debut","date":"2026-02-09","support":"Montage is the biggest memory interconnect chip supplier, 36.8% revenue share in 2024 (Frost & Sullivan)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/917273/000119312526057101/rmbs-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-18","support":"Rambus 10-K: fabless model using third-party foundries for its memory interface chips (Item 1)."},{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/renesas-gen-3-mrdimm-chipset-solutions-advance-ddr5-memory-performance-to-16000-mt-s-for-next-gen-ai-and-hpc-applications/","date":"2026-07-30","support":"Renesas Gen3 MRCD/MDB sampling to all major DRAM suppliers; production expected 2H 2027."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"montage-technology","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/","date":"2026-02-02","support":"Rambus (mid-40% DDR5 RCD share in 2025) is a full-scale second source (company statement, full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/renesas-breaks-9600-mt-s-barrier-with-gen6-ddr5-rcd/","date":"2025-11-27","support":"Renesas is sampling its Gen6 RCD to all major DRAM suppliers, a third source (company statement via press, full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/star50news/2025_02_036789543641019842568","date":"2025-02-02","support":"Montage's direct customers are DRAM module makers and its indirect partners server and CPU makers, mostly overseas; a swap needs module and platform validation (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/917273/000119312526057101/rmbs-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-18","support":"Qualification can take several months, then volume production several more (full date shown)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/","date":"2026-02-02","support":"Rambus's mid-40% DDR5 RCD share makes it the natural substitute, with capacity to scale (company statement, full date)."},{"url":"https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/renesas-breaks-9600-mt-s-barrier-with-gen6-ddr5-rcd/","date":"2025-11-27","support":"Renesas's Gen6 RCD runs at 9600 MT/s, so no technical gap (full date shown)."}]}}}}},"silicon-motion":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"silicon-motion","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.36kr.com/p/3913771917399424","date":"2026-07-27","support":"Prospectus summary lists controller rivals Marvell, Silicon Motion, Phison, FADU, Maxio and T-Head."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/31/silicon-motion-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","date":"2026-07-31","support":"CEO: 'still in the early stages' of bringing enterprise/AI products into the mix."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"Counterpoint: YMTC's enterprise SSDs use controller partners Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion, DERA and T-Head."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://investor.marvell.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/277/marvell-introduces-bravera-ssd-controllers-to-enable-the-highest-performing-data-center-flash-storage-solutions","date":"2021-05-27","support":"Bravera SC5 data-centre controllers developed with Microsoft Azure; Facebook, Kioxia, SK hynix endorse them."},{"url":"https://eejournal.com/industry_news/microchip-introduces-high-performance-pcie-gen-5-ssd-controller-family","date":"2024-08-06","support":"Microchip's fifth-generation Flashtec Gen5 controller; partners Solidigm, Kioxia, Micron and Longsys."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"silicon-motion","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","date":"2026-10-18","support":"Phison is named as SMI's closest independent controller rival (article, full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1835632/000183563226000011/mrvl-20260131.htm","date":"2026-03-11","support":"Marvell lists Phison and Silicon Motion among its competitors (company filing, full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/31/silicon-motion-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","date":"2026-07-31","support":"CEO says SMI is still in early stages of bringing new enterprise and AI SSD controllers into the mix, so little volume would need replacing (company statement, full date)."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"SMI is one of several controller partners for YMTC alongside Phison, DapuStor, DERA and T-Head (full date shown)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.epdtonthenet.net/article/217101/High-Performance-PCIe-Gen5-SSD-Controller.aspx","date":"2025-08-14","support":"Rivals' Gen5 enterprise controllers claim similar 14 GB/s and 3.5M IOPS ranges (company claims, full date shown)."},{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","date":"2026-10-18","support":"Phison reports Pascari with 21 customers shipping and cloud adoption (company statement, full date)."}]}}}}},"longsys":{},"fadu":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"fadu","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.36kr.com/p/3913771917399424","date":"2026-07-27","support":"Prospectus summary lists controller rivals Marvell, Silicon Motion, Phison, FADU, Maxio and T-Head."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/amp/business/tech-science/20250827/fabless-chip-firm-fadu-seeks-to-restore-tarnished-reputation","date":"2025-08-27","support":"FADU CEO: supply deals with two of four top hyperscalers; volume from next year; all four in 2-3 years."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://investor.marvell.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/277/marvell-introduces-bravera-ssd-controllers-to-enable-the-highest-performing-data-center-flash-storage-solutions","date":"2021-05-27","support":"Bravera SC5 data-centre controllers developed with Microsoft Azure; Facebook, Kioxia, SK hynix endorse them."},{"url":"https://eejournal.com/industry_news/microchip-introduces-high-performance-pcie-gen-5-ssd-controller-family","date":"2024-08-06","support":"Microchip's fifth-generation Flashtec Gen5 controller; partners Solidigm, Kioxia, Micron and Longsys."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"fadu","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/30/fadu-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","date":"2026-07-30","support":"FADU says its Gen5 controller is the flagship and it is securing new server OEMs (company statement, full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1835632/000183563226000011/mrvl-20260131.htm","date":"2026-03-11","support":"Marvell's annual report names Phison and Silicon Motion as competitors in enterprise controllers (company filing, full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/30/fadu-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","date":"2026-07-30","support":"FADU reports orders over KRW340bn this year and a Gen6 supply system; its customers can re-source to other merchant controllers within an SSD cycle (company statement, full date)."},{"url":"https://eejournal.com/industry_news/microchip-introduces-industrys-highest-performance-16-channel-pcie-gen-5-enterprise-nvme-ssd-controller","date":"2022-03-03","support":"Flashtec partners show established alternatives (company release, full date shown)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.epdtonthenet.net/article/217101/High-Performance-PCIe-Gen5-SSD-Controller.aspx","date":"2025-08-14","support":"SMI's Gen5 controller claims 14.2 GB/s and 3.5M IOPS, near FADU-class performance (company claims, full date shown)."},{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","date":"2026-10-18","support":"Phison's Pascari line already ships to 21 customers (company statement, full date shown)."}]}}}}},"rambus":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"rambus","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/917273/000119312526057101/rmbs-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-18","support":"Rambus 10-K names memory interface rivals MPS, Montage, Renesas and TI (Item 1, Competition; EDGAR date)."},{"url":"https://www.thestandard.com.hk/innovation/article/323961/Chinese-chip-firm-Montage-Technology-soars-64-percent-in-Hong-Kong-debut","date":"2026-02-09","support":"Montage is the biggest memory interconnect chip supplier, 36.8% revenue share in 2024 (Frost & Sullivan)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/917273/000119312526057101/rmbs-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-18","support":"Rambus 10-K: customer qualification 'may continue for several months', then months more to volume (Item 1A)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/917273/000119312526057101/rmbs-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-18","support":"The company says it 'strengthened our leadership in DDR5 Registering Clock Drivers' (Item 1)."},{"url":"https://www.thestandard.com.hk/innovation/article/323961/Chinese-chip-firm-Montage-Technology-soars-64-percent-in-Hong-Kong-debut","date":"2026-02-09","support":"Montage is the biggest memory interconnect chip supplier, 36.8% revenue share in 2024 (Frost & Sullivan)."},{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2025/01/29/montage-technology-gen2-mrcd-and-mdb-engineering-samples-for-ddr5-mrdimm/","date":"2025-01-29","support":"The company says Gen1 MRCD/MDB secured volume purchases from major memory makers; Gen2 sampled."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"rambus","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/917273/000119312526057101/rmbs-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-18","support":"Annual report names Montage, Renesas, Monolithic Power Systems and Texas Instruments as memory-interface competitors (company filing, full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/renesas-breaks-9600-mt-s-barrier-with-gen6-ddr5-rcd/","date":"2025-11-27","support":"Renesas is sampling a Gen6 DDR5 RCD to all major DRAM suppliers, so a second full RCD source is ready beside Montage (company statement via press, full date)."},{"url":"https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/","date":"2026-02-02","support":"CEO says Rambus ended 2025 at a mid-40% DDR5 RCD share, with room between 40 and 50% (company statement, full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/917273/000119312526057101/rmbs-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-18","support":"Annual report: customer qualification can take several months, then volume production may take several more (company statement, full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/","date":"2026-02-02","support":"CEO says Gen 3 dominates 2026 and Gen 5 timing depends on new Intel and AMD platforms (company statement, full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/renesas-breaks-9600-mt-s-barrier-with-gen6-ddr5-rcd/","date":"2025-11-27","support":"Renesas is sampling a Gen6 DDR5 RCD at 9600 MT/s to all major DRAM suppliers, production in 1H 2027 (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/","date":"2026-02-02","support":"Rambus expects MRDIMM to ramp only at end-2026, with main contribution in 2027; I read that as no lead over rivals (company statement, full date)."}]}}}}},"innogrit":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"innogrit","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.36kr.com/p/3913771917399424","date":"2026-07-27","support":"Prospectus summary lists controller rivals Marvell, Silicon Motion, Phison, FADU, Maxio and T-Head."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"Counterpoint: YMTC's enterprise SSDs use controller partners Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion, DERA and T-Head."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://m.jiemian.com/article/15047691.html","date":"undated","support":"Controllers fell to 13.42% of InnoGrit's 2025 revenue; SSDs 86.19% (page undated)."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"Counterpoint: YMTC's enterprise SSDs use controller partners Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion, DERA and T-Head."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.36kr.com/p/3913771917399424","date":"2026-07-27","support":"Prospectus summary lists controller rivals Marvell, Silicon Motion, Phison, FADU, Maxio and T-Head."},{"url":"https://www.36kr.com/p/3913771917399424","date":"2026-07-27","support":"InnoGrit ranked third among domestic standalone controller vendors in 2024, behind two rivals."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"innogrit","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"YMTC alone works with Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion, DERA and T-Head as controller partners (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","date":"2026-10-18","support":"Phison and SMI serve the same enterprise market (full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.innogritcorp.com/news/innogrit-corporation-announces-next-generation-pcie-gen5-ssd-controller-tacoma-ig5669/","date":"2022-05-27","support":"InnoGrit's PCIe 5.0 controller has been sampling since May 2022 with no named volume customer in the release (company release, full date)."},{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"Buyers already use several controllers in parallel, so a swap fits within one SSD cycle (full date shown)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.epdtonthenet.net/article/217101/High-Performance-PCIe-Gen5-SSD-Controller.aspx","date":"2025-08-14","support":"Gen5 enterprise controllers from rivals claim similar 14 GB/s ranges (company claims, full date shown)."}]}}}}},"kingston":{},"dera":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"dera","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"Counterpoint: YMTC's enterprise SSDs use controller partners Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion, DERA and T-Head."},{"url":"https://www.36kr.com/p/3913771917399424","date":"2026-07-27","support":"Prospectus summary lists controller rivals Marvell, Silicon Motion, Phison, FADU, Maxio and T-Head."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"Counterpoint: YMTC's enterprise SSDs use controller partners Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion, DERA and T-Head."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"Counterpoint: YMTC's enterprise SSDs use controller partners Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion, DERA and T-Head."},{"url":"https://eejournal.com/industry_news/microchip-introduces-high-performance-pcie-gen-5-ssd-controller-family","date":"2024-08-06","support":"Microchip's fifth-generation Flashtec Gen5 controller; partners Solidigm, Kioxia, Micron and Longsys."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"dera","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"DERA is one of five controller partners for YMTC alongside Phison, DapuStor, Silicon Motion and T-Head (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://itwire.com/business-it-news/storage/70th-it-press-tour-part-1-of-2-phison-nearly-quadrupled-its-quarterly-revenue-on-ai-and-now-it-wants-flash-to-do-drams-job","date":"2026-10-18","support":"Phison and SMI offer enterprise controllers to the same buyers (full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://counterpointresearch.com/cn/insights/ymtc-enterprise-ssd-revenue-growth-2028","date":"2026-10-15","support":"YMTC's growth is tied to China's hyperscalers, which use multiple controller partners and can re-source within months (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2026/07/31/silicon-motion-fiscal-2q26-financial-results/","date":"2026-07-31","support":"Rival controller makers are expanding enterprise lines (company statement, full date shown)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.epdtonthenet.net/article/217101/High-Performance-PCIe-Gen5-SSD-Controller.aspx","date":"2025-08-14","support":"Rivals' Gen5 enterprise controllers claim 14.2 GB/s and 3.5M IOPS (company claims, full date shown)."}]}}}}},"renesas":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"renesas","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/917273/000119312526057101/rmbs-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-18","support":"Rambus 10-K names memory interface rivals MPS, Montage, Renesas and TI (Item 1, Competition; EDGAR date)."},{"url":"https://www.storagenewsletter.com/2025/01/29/montage-technology-gen2-mrcd-and-mdb-engineering-samples-for-ddr5-mrdimm/","date":"2025-01-29","support":"The company says Gen1 MRCD/MDB secured volume purchases from major memory makers; Gen2 sampled."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/917273/000119312526057101/rmbs-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-18","support":"Rambus 10-K: customer qualification 'may continue for several months', then months more to volume (Item 1A)."},{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/renesas-gen-3-mrdimm-chipset-solutions-advance-ddr5-memory-performance-to-16000-mt-s-for-next-gen-ai-and-hpc-applications/","date":"2026-07-30","support":"Renesas Gen3 MRCD/MDB sampling to all major DRAM suppliers; production expected 2H 2027."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thestandard.com.hk/innovation/article/323961/Chinese-chip-firm-Montage-Technology-soars-64-percent-in-Hong-Kong-debut","date":"2026-02-09","support":"Montage is the biggest memory interconnect chip supplier, 36.8% revenue share in 2024 (Frost & Sullivan)."},{"url":"https://www.rambus.com/second-quarter-2026-financial-results/","date":"2026-07-27","support":"Rambus record Q2 2026 product revenue of $99.2 million, up 22% year on year."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"renesas","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"interfaces-controllers":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/917273/000119312526057101/rmbs-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-18","support":"Rambus's annual report lists Renesas, Montage, Monolithic Power Systems and Texas Instruments as memory-interface rivals (company filing, full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/","date":"2026-02-02","support":"Rambus holds a mid-40% share of DDR5 RCD, so it can absorb Renesas's volume (company statement, full date)."},{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/star50news/2025_02_036789543641019842568","date":"2025-02-02","support":"Montage ships DDR5 RCD to DRAM module makers, with server and CPU makers as indirect partners (full date shown)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/renesas-gen-3-mrdimm-chipset-solutions-advance-ddr5-memory-performance-to-16000-mt-s-for-next-gen-ai-and-hpc-applications/","date":"2026-07-30","support":"Renesas's Gen 3 MRDIMM chipset is sampling to select customers incl. all major DRAM suppliers, production only in 2027 (company statement, full date)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/917273/000119312526057101/rmbs-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-18","support":"Qualification can take several months, then volume production several more (full date shown)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/renesas-breaks-9600-mt-s-barrier-with-gen6-ddr5-rcd/","date":"2025-11-27","support":"Renesas's Gen6 RCD at 9600 MT/s sits at the leading edge; rivals offer no clear capability lead (full date shown)."},{"url":"https://www.fool.com/earnings/call-transcripts/2026/02/02/rambus-rmbs-q4-2025-earnings-call-transcript/","date":"2026-02-02","support":"Rambus expects its MRDIMM main contribution only in 2027 (company statement, full date)."}]}}}}}},"validation":[{"id":"chips-memory-sk-hynix-hbm-2024","key":"chips-memory","entityId":"sk-hynix","description":"In 2024, SK hynix, the HBM market leader, said its planned 2024 HBM output was sold out (February 2024). By May 2024 it said 2025 supply was almost sold out too, which left AI accelerator makers supply-limited on high-bandwidth memory.","sources":[{"url":"https://news.skhynix.com/en/new-leadership-spotlight-vice-president-kitae-kim-head-of-hbm-sales-and-marketing/","title":"New Leadership Spotlight: Vice President Kitae Kim, Head of HBM Sales & Marketing, on Future-Proofing HBM's Market Leadership","publisher":"SK hynix Newsroom","publishedDate":"2024-02-21","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Kitae Kim: 'Our planned production volume of HBM this year has already sold out.' Page describes SK hynix as 'the HBM market leader'."},{"url":"https://datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/sk-hynix-confirms-hbm-chips-sold-out-for-2024-limited-supply-left-for-2025/","title":"SK Hynix confirms HBM chips sold out for 2024, limited supply left for 2025","publisher":"DatacenterDynamics (citing Reuters)","publishedDate":"2024-05-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"HBM chips 'have sold out for this year and are almost sold out for 2025'; comments by CEO Kwak Noh-Jung as reported by Reuters."}]}]}