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of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://investor.tsmc.com/english/encrypt/files/encrypt_file/reports/2026-01/51d09df96cd89ac19d65af39032b038dc2896a24/TSMC%204Q25%20Transcript.pdf","title":"TSMC Q4 2025 earnings conference call transcript","publisher":"TSMC","publishedDate":"2026-01-15","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"p.5: \"Revenue from AI accelerators accounted for high-teens percent of our total revenue in 2025\" (company statement, T2); share derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the part's CY2025 front-end wafer value by foundry. TSMC's figure is the locked card's derivation: AI accelerators were a high-teens percent of TSMC's 2025 revenue of US$122.42bn (4Q25 call p.5; 4Q25 Management Report p.1), less the advanced-packaging content (about 10.5% of revenue, 4Q25 call p.10) with a 0.7 probability that TSMC's AI figure includes packaging, giving US$16.19bn (8.81–23.26bn). Other foundries are sized from press accounts of Chinese accelerator output and the foundries' own descriptions; their sum (US$0.51bn) sits inside the card's 0.2–1.2bn allowance. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. TSMC's AI-accelerator wafers: the card's US$16.19bn (8.81–23.26bn). Main input: the company says AI accelerators (AI GPU, AI ASIC and HBM controller) were a high-teens percent of 2025 revenue. TSMC makes the large majority of AI accelerator dies (NVIDIA, AMD, Google TPU, AWS Trainium, Broadcom/Marvell custom chips). Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tsmc 16,190 (8,810–23,260), smic 400 (150–900), samsung-foundry 80 (20–300), hua-hong 10 (0–50), globalfoundries 10 (0–40), intel 10 (0–50); central total 16,700. Share 96.95% (range 94.53–97.85%). Source published date: 2026-01-15 (full date)."},"host-network-logic":{"low":71.22,"central":82.27,"high":90.95,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://investor.tsmc.com/english/encrypt/files/encrypt_file/reports/2026-01/51d09df96cd89ac19d65af39032b038dc2896a24/TSMC%204Q25%20Transcript.pdf","title":"TSMC Q4 2025 earnings conference call transcript","publisher":"TSMC","publishedDate":"2026-01-15","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"p.5: \"Revenue from AI accelerators accounted for high-teens percent of our total revenue in 2025\" (company statement, T2); share derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: TSMC's part follows the card's ratio of host-CPU, network and interface logic to accelerator wafers (0.30, range 0.16–0.65; NVIDIA FY2026 networking ÷ compute 0.193 from https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1045810/000104581026000019/q4fy26cfocommentary.htm, plus TSMC-made AI-server CPUs about 0.08 and other interface logic about 0.02, which sum to 0.293 and the card rounds to 0.30) applied to TSMC's US$16.19bn; Intel Foundry's Xeon host-CPU wafers are added separately because the card's ratio counts TSMC-made CPUs only; other foundries are sized from TrendForce's descriptions of their server-related orders. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. TSMC's part: 0.30 × US$16.19bn = US$4.857bn (range 2.59–10.52bn, the card's ratio range 0.16–0.65 × US$16.19bn; the accelerator amount's own range is not compounded): NVIDIA networking chips, Broadcom/Marvell switches and DSPs, Grace/Graviton/Axion/EPYC host CPUs and retimers are TSMC-made. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tsmc 4,857 (2,590–10,520), intel 720 (300–1,400), smic 150 (50–400), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), samsung-foundry 50 (10–200), globalfoundries 50 (10–150), hua-hong 20 (0–80), psmc 3 (0–20), nexchip 2 (0–15); central total 5,903.6. Share 82.27% (range 71.22–90.95%). Source published date: 2026-01-15 (full date)."},"power-analog":{"low":5.55,"central":12.8,"high":24.42,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI demand drives 4Q25 global top 10 foundries' revenue (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Commentary: PMIC orders for servers and edge AI kept 8-inch fabs highly utilised; TSMC 70.4% of top-10 revenue in 4Q25"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. TSMC: US$50m (20–110m). Assumption: TSMC's BCD/power-management specialty wafers for AI-server power (controllers, power stages, DrMOS and Navitas GaN, which moves to PSMC from 2026) at a few percent of a multi-billion specialty business; no TSMC disclosure. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 12.8% (range 5.55–24.42%). Source published date: 2026-03-12 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":0.686,"central":2.69,"high":7.65,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI demand drives 4Q25 global top 10 foundries' revenue (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Commentary: advanced-node demand driven by AI server GPUs and Google TPUs"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. TSMC: US$20m (5–60m). Assumption: early silicon-photonics (COUPE) wafers for co-packaged optics switches and small optical-engine volumes in 2025; most TSMC optical-link content is CMOS DSP/driver logic counted in host-network-logic. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 2.69% (range 0.686–7.65%). Source published date: 2026-03-12 (full date)."}},"priorShares":{"ai-accelerators":{"low":94.26,"central":97.26,"high":98.09,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://telecomlead.com/semiconductor/main-facts-about-tsmc-business-growth-from-ai-in-2024-119666","title":"Main facts about TSMC business growth from AI in 2024","publisher":"TelecomLead","publishedDate":"2025-01-17","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"AI accelerators 'close to mid-teens percent' of total revenue in 2024 (company statement, 4Q24 call January 2025, quoted by TelecomLead; T2); 2024 revenue and packaging share from the TSMC 4Q25 call pp.3 and 10; share derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. TSMC: US$9,332m (4,324–13,512m). The company says AI accelerators were 'close to mid-teens percent' of 2024 revenue (4Q24 call, January 2025, as reported by TelecomLead on 17 January 2025; T2); 14% (12–15%) is used. 2024 revenue is US$90.08bn = US$122.42bn (the locked card's 2025 figure, 4Q25 Management Report) ÷ 1.359 (revenue up 35.9% in US dollars, 4Q25 call p.3; the call rounds 2025 to USD122 billion). Same derivation as the card's 2025 figure: 14% × revenue = US$12.61bn; advanced packaging was 'about 8% in 2024' (4Q25 call p.10), and 65% of it is taken as AI-accelerator packaging, so front-end revenue is US$7.93bn if the AI figure includes packaging and US$12.61bn if not; central uses a probability of 0.7 that it includes packaging (0.7 × 7.93 + 0.3 × 12.61). Low: 12% less 0.8 × 9% packaging. High: 15% with no deduction. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tsmc 9,332.4 (4,323.9–13,512.1), smic 200 (60–450), samsung-foundry 46 (11.5–172.4), hua-hong 5.75 (0–28.7), globalfoundries 5.75 (0–23), intel 5.75 (0–28.7); central total 9,595.6. Share 97.26% (range 94.26–98.09%). Source published date: 2025-01-17 (full date)."},"host-network-logic":{"low":63.43,"central":76.48,"high":87.57,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://s201.q4cdn.com/141608511/files/doc_financials/2026/Q426/Q4FY26-CFO-Commentary.pdf","title":"CFO Commentary on Fourth Quarter and Fiscal 2026 Results","publisher":"NVIDIA","publishedDate":"2026-02-25","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"p.3 Revenue by Market Platform: Data Center compute US$102,196m and networking US$12,990m in FY2025 (US$162,361m and US$31,376m in FY2026); ratio and TSMC figure derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. TSMC: US$2,184m (1,165–4,732m). The card's ratio of host-CPU, network and interface logic to accelerator wafers is 0.30 for 2025 (NVIDIA networking ÷ compute 0.193, AI-server CPUs about 0.08 and other interface logic about 0.02, which sum to 0.293 and the card rounds to 0.30). For 2024 the NVIDIA term is FY2025's US$12,990m ÷ US$102,196m = 0.127, which is 0.066 below the FY2026 term, so the 2024 ratio is 0.30 − 0.066 = 0.234, applied to TSMC's 2024 accelerator wafers of US$9,332.4m: 0.234 × 9,332.4 = US$2,183.8m. The 2025 ratio range (0.16–0.65) is scaled by 0.234 ÷ 0.30 = 0.78, to 0.1248–0.507, giving US$1,164.7–4,731.5m. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tsmc 2,183.8 (1,164.7–4,731.5), intel 513.6 (417.3–667.7), smic 72.5 (24.2–193.5), umc 25 (10.2–44.6), samsung-foundry 24.2 (4.84–96.7), globalfoundries 24.2 (4.84–72.5), hua-hong 9.67 (0–38.7), psmc 1.45 (0–9.67), nexchip 0.967 (0–7.25); central total 2,855.4. Share 76.48% (range 63.43–87.57%). Source published date: 2026-02-25 (full date)."},"power-analog":{"low":5.55,"central":12.8,"high":24.42,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI demand drives 4Q25 global top 10 foundries' revenue (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Commentary: PMIC orders for servers and edge AI kept 8-inch fabs highly utilised; TSMC 70.4% of top-10 revenue in 4Q25"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. TSMC: US$25m (10–55m). Allowance only: no 2024 evidence for this company in this part. Its CY2025 amount (US$50m, 20–110m) is divided by the part's growth factor 2.00 (CY2025 ÷ CY2024 for the evidence-based entries: 115 ÷ 57.5), which holds its share of the part unchanged. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): united-nova-technology 32 (18.3–41.1), vis 27.4 (13.7–41.1), umc 25.8 (10.5–46.2), tsmc 25 (10–55), hua-hong 21.8 (8.06–48.4), db-hitek 11.4 (4.85–26), tower 8.33 (2.5–20.8), others outside the register 7.5 (2.5–20), smic 6 (2–15), samsung-foundry 5 (1.5–15), sk-keyfoundry 5 (1.5–12.5), globalfoundries 4 (1–12.5), gta-semiconductor 4 (0–15), psmc 2.5 (0.5–7.5), xfab 2 (0.5–6), cr-micro 2 (0.5–6), cansemi 1.5 (0.25–5), episil 1.5 (0.25–4), nexchip 1 (0.25–4), sanan-ic 0.75 (0–3), silterra 0.5 (0.1–2), polar-semiconductor 0.25 (0–1), lfoundry 0.15 (0–0.75); central total 195.3. Share 12.8% (range 5.55–24.42%). Source published date: 2026-03-12 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":0.686,"central":2.69,"high":7.65,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI demand drives 4Q25 global top 10 foundries' revenue (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Commentary: advanced-node demand driven by AI server GPUs and Google TPUs"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. TSMC: US$12.4m (3.1–37.2m). Allowance only: no 2024 evidence for this company in this part. Its CY2025 amount (US$20m, 5–60m) is divided by the part's growth factor 1.61 (CY2025 ÷ CY2024 for the evidence-based entries: 601 ÷ 372.8), which holds its share of the part unchanged. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tower 192.8 (156.7–228.9), globalfoundries 180 (132–212), tsmc 12.4 (3.1–37.2), sanan-ic 12.4 (3.1–37.2), others outside the register 12.4 (4.96–31), intel 9.3 (0–37.2), win-semiconductors 9.3 (3.1–27.9), silterra 9.3 (2.48–24.8), stmicroelectronics 4.96 (1.24–18.6), gcs-holdings 4.96 (1.24–12.4), united-nova-technology 3.1 (0.62–9.3), smart-photonics 2.48 (0.62–6.2), awsc 1.86 (0.31–6.2), xfab 1.24 (0.186–4.96), ligentec 1.24 (0.186–3.72), smic 1.24 (0–6.2), cumec 0.93 (0.186–3.72), hua-hong 0.62 (0–4.96), cansemi 0.31 (0–1.86), silex-microsystems 0.31 (0–1.86), umc 0.31 (0–1.86); central total 461.5. Share 2.69% (range 0.686–7.65%). Source published date: 2026-03-12 (full date)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":11425000000,"central":21117000000,"high":33950000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Company's AI data-centre front-end wafer revenue across the card's four functions, calendar year, US dollars (5LayerCake estimate)","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://investor.tsmc.com/english/encrypt/files/encrypt_file/reports/2026-01/51d09df96cd89ac19d65af39032b038dc2896a24/TSMC%204Q25%20Transcript.pdf","title":"TSMC Q4 2025 earnings conference call transcript","publisher":"TSMC","publishedDate":"2026-01-15","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"p.5: AI accelerators a high-teens percent of 2025 revenue (company statement, T2); amounts derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5): the sum of this company's CY2025 amounts in the card's functions (US$m, from its share notes): ai-accelerators 16,190; host-network-logic 4,857; power-analog 50; optical-sige 20; total US$21,117m (range 11,425–33,950m, summing each function's low and high). "},"prior":{"low":5501685018,"central":11553567590,"high":18335844770,"unit":"USD","basis":"Company's AI data-centre front-end wafer revenue across the card's four functions, calendar year, US dollars (5LayerCake estimate)","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://telecomlead.com/semiconductor/main-facts-about-tsmc-business-growth-from-ai-in-2024-119666","title":"Main facts about TSMC business growth from AI in 2024","publisher":"TelecomLead","publishedDate":"2025-01-17","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"AI accelerators 'close to mid-teens percent' of 2024 revenue (company statement quoted by TelecomLead, T2); amounts derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5): the sum of this company's CY2024 amounts in the same functions (US$m, from its CY2024 prior-share notes): ai-accelerators 9,332.4; host-network-logic 2,183.8; power-analog 25; optical-sige 12.4; total US$11,553.6m (range 5,501.7–18,335.8m). Amounts without a 2024 figure are allowances held at their CY2025 share of each part, so they add no growth beyond the part's own growth. Growth 83%."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":121500000000,"central":122000000000,"high":122500000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://investor.tsmc.com/english/encrypt/files/encrypt_file/reports/2026-01/51d09df96cd89ac19d65af39032b038dc2896a24/TSMC%204Q25%20Transcript.pdf","title":"TSMC Q4 2025 earnings conference call transcript","publisher":"TSMC","publishedDate":"2026-01-15","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"p.3: 'Our revenue increased 35.9% in US dollar terms to USD122 billion'"},"note":"The company says 2025 revenue was USD122 billion (rounded in the call); the locked card cites US$122.42bn from the 4Q25 Management Report, and the sum of TrendForce's four quarterly figures is US$122.4bn (25.5 + 30.24 + 33.0 + 33.7). TSMC is a single foundry business, so total revenue is the scored entity's revenue."},"screening":{"ai-accelerators":{"levelLow":4,"levelHigh":5},"host-network-logic":{"levelLow":3,"levelHigh":5},"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"optical-sige":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"9069902fedd8a31a4608e54fa2de870f6788bbb772945f901e9802fc9cbedb10"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"9069902fedd8a31a4608e54fa2de870f6788bbb772945f901e9802fc9cbedb10"}}},"smic":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"smic","name":"SMIC","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"low":0.912,"central":2.4,"high":5.23,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.bloomberglinea.com/mundo/estados-unidos/huawei-no-producira-mas-de-200000-chips-de-ia-en-2025-segun-eeuu-que-significa/","title":"Huawei no producirá más de 200.000 chips de IA en 2025, según EE.UU.: ¿qué significa?","publisher":"Bloomberg Línea","publishedDate":"2025-06-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"US Under Secretary of Commerce Jeffrey Kessler's projection to a House subcommittee: Huawei Ascend output at or below 200,000 in 2025"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the part's CY2025 front-end wafer value by foundry. TSMC's figure is the locked card's derivation: AI accelerators were a high-teens percent of TSMC's 2025 revenue of US$122.42bn (4Q25 call p.5; 4Q25 Management Report p.1), less the advanced-packaging content (about 10.5% of revenue, 4Q25 call p.10) with a 0.7 probability that TSMC's AI figure includes packaging, giving US$16.19bn (8.81–23.26bn). Other foundries are sized from press accounts of Chinese accelerator output and the foundries' own descriptions; their sum (US$0.51bn) sits inside the card's 0.2–1.2bn allowance. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. SMIC: US$400m (150–900m). Inputs: US Commerce projected Huawei Ascend output at or below 200,000 chips in 2025 (Under Secretary Kessler; Lutnick: \"probably closer to 200,000\"; Bloomberg Línea, 12 June 2025), which is at most about 0.4M dies if every chip is a two-die 910C. SemiAnalysis (8 September 2025, https://newsletter.semianalysis.com/p/huawei-ascend-production-ramp) counts 805k Ascend units shipped in 2025, 653k of them 910C, about 1.46M dies if SMIC made every die (653k × 2 + 152k × 1, assuming two dies per 910C and one per 910B as the screening pass did; my arithmetic), though it says a stockpile of more than 2.9M TSMC-made dies also supplies Huawei. Cambricon and other Chinese accelerators also use SMIC's 7nm-class process. Assumptions (5LayerCake judgments: SMIC publishes no wafer price or die yield, SemiAnalysis gives no die size, dies per wafer or wafer price, and DIGITIMES (25 February 2025) reports a 40% yield for the 910C): good large dies of 0.4M (low), 0.8M (central, about the geometric mean 0.76M of 0.4M and 1.46M) and 1.5M (high, rounded from 1.46M); good dies per wafer of 40 (low case), 30 (central) and 25 (high case), which pairs the fewest wafers with the lowest volume and the most with the highest; and a constant US$15k of value per processed wafer. Arithmetic: low 0.4M ÷ 40 = 10k wafers × US$15k = US$150m; central 0.8M ÷ 30 = 26.7k wafers × US$15k = US$400m; high 1.5M ÷ 25 = 60k wafers × US$15k = US$900m. The screening-era arithmetic (0.4–1.0M dies, 25–40 per wafer, US$8–15k) gives US$0.08–0.6bn, not the US$0.15–0.9bn it stated, and is replaced. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tsmc 16,190 (8,810–23,260), smic 400 (150–900), samsung-foundry 80 (20–300), hua-hong 10 (0–50), globalfoundries 10 (0–40), intel 10 (0–50); central total 16,700. Share 2.4% (range 0.912–5.23%). Source published date: 2025-06-12 (full date)."},"host-network-logic":{"low":0.862,"central":2.54,"high":6.5,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","title":"Global top 10 foundries' revenue in 2Q26 (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"SMIC 2Q26: rising orders for AI peripheral ICs and server networking products"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: TSMC's part follows the card's ratio of host-CPU, network and interface logic to accelerator wafers (0.30, range 0.16–0.65; NVIDIA FY2026 networking ÷ compute 0.193 from https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1045810/000104581026000019/q4fy26cfocommentary.htm, plus TSMC-made AI-server CPUs about 0.08 and other interface logic about 0.02) applied to TSMC's US$16.19bn; Intel Foundry's Xeon host-CPU wafers are added separately because the card's ratio counts TSMC-made CPUs only; other foundries are sized from TrendForce's descriptions of their server-related orders. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. SMIC: US$150m (50–400m). Assumption: Chinese AI-server host CPUs (Kunpeng and others) and server networking chips; TrendForce reports server-networking orders in 2026. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tsmc 4,857 (2,590–10,520), intel 720 (300–1,400), smic 150 (50–400), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), samsung-foundry 50 (10–200), globalfoundries 50 (10–150), hua-hong 20 (0–80), psmc 3 (0–20), nexchip 2 (0–15); central total 5,903.6. Share 2.54% (range 0.862–6.5%). Source published date: 2026-09-09 (full date)."},"power-analog":{"low":1.05,"central":3.07,"high":7.34,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","title":"Global top 10 foundries' revenue in 2Q26 (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"SMIC 2Q26 commentary: AI peripheral ICs"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. SMIC: US$12m (4–30m). Assumption: BCD/PMIC wafers for Chinese AI-server power chips at about 2% of an estimated US$0.6bn power-management business. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 3.07% (range 1.05–7.34%). Source published date: 2026-09-09 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":0,"central":0.269,"high":1.33,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","title":"Global top 10 foundries' revenue in 2Q26 (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"SMIC 2Q26 commentary"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. SMIC: US$2m (0–10m). Allowance only: no evidence of SMIC silicon-photonics or SiGe production for optical links was found; the range includes zero. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 0.269% (range 0.0–1.33%). Source published date: 2026-09-09 (full date)."}},"priorShares":{"ai-accelerators":{"low":0.635,"central":2.08,"high":4.57,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://newsletter.semianalysis.com/p/huawei-ascend-production-ramp","title":"Huawei Ascend Production Ramp","publisher":"SemiAnalysis","publishedDate":"2025-09-08","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"SemiAnalysis: 507k Ascend units shipped in 2024 (T4) against 805k estimated for 2025; DIGITIMES (https://www.digitimes.com/news/a20250225PD224.html, 25 February 2025): 200,000 Ascend 910B and no 910C in 2024 against 100,000 910C and 300,000 910B planned for 2025 (T3); SMIC-made dies derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. SMIC: US$200m (60–450m). Huawei Ascend volumes. DIGITIMES (25 February 2025, \"Huawei Ascend 910C reportedly hits 40% yield, turns profitable; aims for 60% industry standard\", https://www.digitimes.com/news/a20250225PD224.html, T3) gives 200,000 910B and no 910C in 2024 against 100,000 910C and 300,000 910B planned for 2025: counting two dies per 910C package, as the screening pass did, about 0.2M large dies against 0.5M, a ratio of 0.4. SemiAnalysis (8 September 2025) estimates 507k Ascend units shipped in 2024 and 805k in 2025, a ratio of 0.63, but says Huawei bridged 2024-25 with more than 2.9M TSMC-made dies from a stockpile, so SMIC-made dies were a smaller part of 2024 output. Central uses 0.5 × the 2025 figure of US$400m; the range runs from 0.15 to 1.125 times it (US$60–450m). The 2025 volumes are disputed (US Commerce: at most 200,000 chips; SemiAnalysis: about 1.45M dies), so the range stays wide. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tsmc 9,332.4 (4,323.9–13,512.1), smic 200 (60–450), samsung-foundry 46 (11.5–172.4), hua-hong 5.75 (0–28.7), globalfoundries 5.75 (0–23), intel 5.75 (0–28.7); central total 9,595.6. Share 2.08% (range 0.635–4.57%). Source published date: 2025-09-08 (full date)."},"host-network-logic":{"low":0.862,"central":2.54,"high":6.5,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","title":"Global top 10 foundries' revenue in 2Q26 (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"SMIC 2Q26: rising orders for AI peripheral ICs and server networking products"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. SMIC: US$72.5m (24.2–193.5m). Allowance only: no 2024 evidence for this company in this part. Its CY2025 amount (US$150m, 50–400m) is divided by the part's growth factor 2.07 (CY2025 ÷ CY2024 for the evidence-based entries: 5,577 ÷ 2,697.4), which holds its share of the part unchanged. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tsmc 2,183.8 (1,164.7–4,731.5), intel 513.6 (417.3–667.7), smic 72.5 (24.2–193.5), umc 25 (10.2–44.6), samsung-foundry 24.2 (4.84–96.7), globalfoundries 24.2 (4.84–72.5), hua-hong 9.67 (0–38.7), psmc 1.45 (0–9.67), nexchip 0.967 (0–7.25); central total 2,855.4. Share 2.54% (range 0.862–6.5%). Source published date: 2026-09-09 (full date)."},"power-analog":{"low":1.05,"central":3.07,"high":7.34,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","title":"Global top 10 foundries' revenue in 2Q26 (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"SMIC 2Q26 commentary: AI peripheral ICs"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. SMIC: US$6m (2–15m). Allowance only: no 2024 evidence for this company in this part. Its CY2025 amount (US$12m, 4–30m) is divided by the part's growth factor 2.00 (CY2025 ÷ CY2024 for the evidence-based entries: 115 ÷ 57.5), which holds its share of the part unchanged. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): united-nova-technology 32 (18.3–41.1), vis 27.4 (13.7–41.1), umc 25.8 (10.5–46.2), tsmc 25 (10–55), hua-hong 21.8 (8.06–48.4), db-hitek 11.4 (4.85–26), tower 8.33 (2.5–20.8), others outside the register 7.5 (2.5–20), smic 6 (2–15), samsung-foundry 5 (1.5–15), sk-keyfoundry 5 (1.5–12.5), globalfoundries 4 (1–12.5), gta-semiconductor 4 (0–15), psmc 2.5 (0.5–7.5), xfab 2 (0.5–6), cr-micro 2 (0.5–6), cansemi 1.5 (0.25–5), episil 1.5 (0.25–4), nexchip 1 (0.25–4), sanan-ic 0.75 (0–3), silterra 0.5 (0.1–2), polar-semiconductor 0.25 (0–1), lfoundry 0.15 (0–0.75); central total 195.3. Share 3.07% (range 1.05–7.34%). Source published date: 2026-09-09 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":0,"central":0.269,"high":1.33,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","title":"Global top 10 foundries' revenue in 2Q26 (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"SMIC 2Q26 commentary"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. SMIC: US$1.2m (0–6.2m). Allowance only: no 2024 evidence for this company in this part. Its CY2025 amount (US$2m, 0–10m) is divided by the part's growth factor 1.61 (CY2025 ÷ CY2024 for the evidence-based entries: 601 ÷ 372.8), which holds its share of the part unchanged. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tower 192.8 (156.7–228.9), globalfoundries 180 (132–212), tsmc 12.4 (3.1–37.2), sanan-ic 12.4 (3.1–37.2), others outside the register 12.4 (4.96–31), intel 9.3 (0–37.2), win-semiconductors 9.3 (3.1–27.9), silterra 9.3 (2.48–24.8), stmicroelectronics 4.96 (1.24–18.6), gcs-holdings 4.96 (1.24–12.4), united-nova-technology 3.1 (0.62–9.3), smart-photonics 2.48 (0.62–6.2), awsc 1.86 (0.31–6.2), xfab 1.24 (0.186–4.96), ligentec 1.24 (0.186–3.72), smic 1.24 (0–6.2), cumec 0.93 (0.186–3.72), hua-hong 0.62 (0–4.96), cansemi 0.31 (0–1.86), silex-microsystems 0.31 (0–1.86), umc 0.31 (0–1.86); central total 461.5. Share 0.269% (range 0.0–1.33%). Source published date: 2026-09-09 (full date)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":204000000,"central":564000000,"high":1340000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Company's AI data-centre front-end wafer revenue across the card's four functions, calendar year, US dollars (5LayerCake estimate)","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.bloomberglinea.com/mundo/estados-unidos/huawei-no-producira-mas-de-200000-chips-de-ia-en-2025-segun-eeuu-que-significa/","title":"Huawei no producirá más de 200.000 chips de IA en 2025, según EE.UU.: ¿qué significa?","publisher":"Bloomberg Línea","publishedDate":"2025-06-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"US Under Secretary of Commerce Jeffrey Kessler's projection to a House subcommittee: Huawei Ascend output at or below 200,000 in 2025"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5): the sum of this company's CY2025 amounts in the card's functions (US$m, from its share notes): ai-accelerators 400; host-network-logic 150; power-analog 12; optical-sige 2; total US$564m (range 204–1,340m, summing each function's low and high). The change is driven by Huawei Ascend dies; the other three functions are allowances."},"prior":{"low":86183578,"central":279791331,"high":664671255,"unit":"USD","basis":"Company's AI data-centre front-end wafer revenue across the card's four functions, calendar year, US dollars (5LayerCake estimate)","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://newsletter.semianalysis.com/p/huawei-ascend-production-ramp","title":"Huawei Ascend Production Ramp","publisher":"SemiAnalysis","publishedDate":"2025-09-08","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"507k Ascend units shipped in 2024 against 805k estimated for 2025 (T4); SMIC-made dies derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5): the sum of this company's CY2024 amounts in the same functions (US$m, from its CY2024 prior-share notes): ai-accelerators 200; host-network-logic 72.5; power-analog 6; optical-sige 1.2; total US$279.8m (range 86.2–664.7m). Amounts without a 2024 figure are allowances held at their CY2025 share of each part, so they add no growth beyond the part's own growth. Growth 102%."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":9326799000,"central":9326799000,"high":9326799000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://smic.cdn.shwebspace.com/uploads/AR_EN.pdf","title":"SMIC 2025 Annual Report","publisher":"Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation","publishedDate":"2026-04-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Principal accounting data: revenue US$9,326,799 thousand in 2025 (US$8,029,921 thousand in 2024)"}},"screening":{"ai-accelerators":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"host-network-logic":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"47e118e456fb45bd0490f11095ff3ce773f2edc041df891a19cee4c0374dbcef"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"47e118e456fb45bd0490f11095ff3ce773f2edc041df891a19cee4c0374dbcef"}}},"intel":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"intel","name":"Intel Foundry","kind":"unit","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"low":0,"central":0.06,"high":0.299,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","title":"Intel Corporation Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025","publisher":"Intel Corporation","publishedDate":"2026-01-23","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"MD&A, Intel Foundry: nearly all Intel Foundry business supports internal manufacturing for Intel Products; DCAI segment includes AI accelerators (Gaudi)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the part's CY2025 front-end wafer value by foundry. TSMC's figure is the locked card's derivation: AI accelerators were a high-teens percent of TSMC's 2025 revenue of US$122.42bn (4Q25 call p.5; 4Q25 Management Report p.1), less the advanced-packaging content (about 10.5% of revenue, 4Q25 call p.10) with a 0.7 probability that TSMC's AI figure includes packaging, giving US$16.19bn (8.81–23.26bn). Other foundries are sized from press accounts of Chinese accelerator output and the foundries' own descriptions; their sum (US$0.51bn) sits inside the card's 0.2–1.2bn allowance. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Intel Foundry: US$10m (0–50m). Allowance only: Intel's Gaudi 3 accelerators are reported to be made externally (5nm), and no Intel Foundry AI-accelerator wafers were found for 2025. Intel Foundry segment only, never Intel's total. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tsmc 16,190 (8,810–23,260), smic 400 (150–900), samsung-foundry 80 (20–300), hua-hong 10 (0–50), globalfoundries 10 (0–40), intel 10 (0–50); central total 16,700. Share 0.06% (range 0.0–0.299%). Source published date: 2026-01-23 (full date)."},"host-network-logic":{"low":5.47,"central":12.2,"high":21.26,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","title":"Intel Corporation Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025","publisher":"Intel Corporation","publishedDate":"2026-01-23","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"MD&A, Intel Foundry Financial Performance: 2025 revenue US$17,826m, intersegment US$17.5bn; Note 3: DCAI revenue US$16,919m, CCG US$32,228m"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: TSMC's part follows the card's ratio of host-CPU, network and interface logic to accelerator wafers (0.30, range 0.16–0.65; NVIDIA FY2026 networking ÷ compute 0.193 from https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1045810/000104581026000019/q4fy26cfocommentary.htm, plus TSMC-made AI-server CPUs about 0.08 and other interface logic about 0.02) applied to TSMC's US$16.19bn; Intel Foundry's Xeon host-CPU wafers are added separately because the card's ratio counts TSMC-made CPUs only; other foundries are sized from TrendForce's descriptions of their server-related orders. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Intel Foundry's Xeon wafers in AI-server host CPUs: US$720m (300–1,400m). Arithmetic: intersegment US$17.5bn × DCAI's share of Intel Foundry output about 0.40 (0.35–0.45) × wafer (not back-end) share 0.80 (0.75–0.85) × share of Xeon value going into AI-server head nodes 0.13 (0.06–0.20) ≈ US$0.73bn. Intel says the Xeon 6776P is the host CPU of NVIDIA's DGX B300 (https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/newsroom/news/artificial-intelligence/new-intel-xeon-6-cpus-maximize-gpu-ai-performance.html, 22 May 2025). Intel Foundry segment only. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tsmc 4,857 (2,590–10,520), intel 720 (300–1,400), smic 150 (50–400), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), samsung-foundry 50 (10–200), globalfoundries 50 (10–150), hua-hong 20 (0–80), psmc 3 (0–20), nexchip 2 (0–15); central total 5,903.6. Share 12.2% (range 5.47–21.26%). Source published date: 2026-01-23 (full date)."},"power-analog":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","title":"Intel Corporation Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025","publisher":"Intel Corporation","publishedDate":"2026-01-23","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"MD&A, Intel Foundry: nearly all Intel Foundry business supports internal manufacturing for Intel Products (CPUs and related products); external foundry revenue US$307m in 2025, mainly packaging and test; no AI-server power-chip wafers"}},"optical-sige":{"low":0,"central":2.02,"high":7.6,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://picmagazine.net/article/117944/Jabil_takes_over_Intel_silicon_photonics_line","title":"Jabil takes over Intel silicon photonics line","publisher":"PIC Magazine","publishedDate":"2023-11-03","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Intel divested its pluggable transceiver module lines to Jabil and said it shifts its focus to silicon photonics components"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Intel Foundry: US$15m (0–60m). Assumption: silicon-photonics component wafers for the transceiver lines Jabil took over; whether Intel still supplies them is unconfirmed, so the range includes zero. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 2.02% (range 0.0–7.6%). Source published date: 2023-11-03 (full date)."}},"priorShares":{"ai-accelerators":{"low":0,"central":0.06,"high":0.299,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","title":"Intel Corporation Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025","publisher":"Intel Corporation","publishedDate":"2026-01-23","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"MD&A, Intel Foundry: nearly all Intel Foundry business supports internal manufacturing for Intel Products; DCAI segment includes AI accelerators (Gaudi)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Intel Foundry: US$5.7m (0–28.7m). Allowance only: no 2024 evidence for this company in this part. Its CY2025 amount (US$10m, 0–50m) is divided by the part's growth factor 1.74 (CY2025 ÷ CY2024 for the evidence-based entries: 16,590 ÷ 9,532.4), which holds its share of the part unchanged. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tsmc 9,332.4 (4,323.9–13,512.1), smic 200 (60–450), samsung-foundry 46 (11.5–172.4), hua-hong 5.75 (0–28.7), globalfoundries 5.75 (0–23), intel 5.75 (0–28.7); central total 9,595.6. Share 0.06% (range 0.0–0.299%). Source published date: 2026-01-23 (full date)."},"host-network-logic":{"low":15.12,"central":17.99,"high":22.19,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","title":"Intel Corporation Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025","publisher":"Intel Corporation","publishedDate":"2026-01-23","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"MD&A: Intel Foundry intersegment revenue US$17,519m (2025) and US$17,158m (2024) (total less external revenue); DCAI revenue US$16,919m and US$16,125m; Intel Products revenue US$49,147m and US$49,471m; Xeon wafers in AI-server head nodes derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Intel Foundry: US$514m (417–668m). The 2025 method (US$720m) applied to 2024 with 10-K figures: intersegment revenue US$17,158m in 2024 against US$17,519m in 2025 (× 0.979) and DCAI's share of Intel Products revenue 32.6% against 34.4% (US$16,125m ÷ US$49,471m against US$16,919m ÷ US$49,147m; × 0.947); the share of Xeon value going into AI-server head nodes is assumed to have grown 1.3× in 2025 (1.0–1.6×), between the growth of Intel's server volume (+9%, 10-K) and of NVIDIA's Data Center compute revenue (+59%, FY2026 against FY2025). No Intel disclosure gives the head-node share. Intel Foundry segment only. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tsmc 2,183.8 (1,164.7–4,731.5), intel 513.6 (417.3–667.7), smic 72.5 (24.2–193.5), umc 25 (10.2–44.6), samsung-foundry 24.2 (4.84–96.7), globalfoundries 24.2 (4.84–72.5), hua-hong 9.67 (0–38.7), psmc 1.45 (0–9.67), nexchip 0.967 (0–7.25); central total 2,855.4. Share 17.99% (range 15.12–22.19%). Source published date: 2026-01-23 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":0,"central":2.02,"high":7.6,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://picmagazine.net/article/117944/Jabil_takes_over_Intel_silicon_photonics_line","title":"Jabil takes over Intel silicon photonics line","publisher":"PIC Magazine","publishedDate":"2023-11-03","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Intel divested its pluggable transceiver module lines to Jabil and said it shifts its focus to silicon photonics components"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Intel Foundry: US$9.3m (0–37.2m). Allowance only: no 2024 evidence for this company in this part. Its CY2025 amount (US$15m, 0–60m) is divided by the part's growth factor 1.61 (CY2025 ÷ CY2024 for the evidence-based entries: 601 ÷ 372.8), which holds its share of the part unchanged. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tower 192.8 (156.7–228.9), globalfoundries 180 (132–212), tsmc 12.4 (3.1–37.2), sanan-ic 12.4 (3.1–37.2), others outside the register 12.4 (4.96–31), intel 9.3 (0–37.2), win-semiconductors 9.3 (3.1–27.9), silterra 9.3 (2.48–24.8), stmicroelectronics 4.96 (1.24–18.6), gcs-holdings 4.96 (1.24–12.4), united-nova-technology 3.1 (0.62–9.3), smart-photonics 2.48 (0.62–6.2), awsc 1.86 (0.31–6.2), xfab 1.24 (0.186–4.96), ligentec 1.24 (0.186–3.72), smic 1.24 (0–6.2), cumec 0.93 (0.186–3.72), hua-hong 0.62 (0–4.96), cansemi 0.31 (0–1.86), silex-microsystems 0.31 (0–1.86), umc 0.31 (0–1.86); central total 461.5. Share 2.02% (range 0.0–7.6%). Source published date: 2023-11-03 (full date)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":300000000,"central":745000000,"high":1510000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Company's AI data-centre front-end wafer revenue across the card's four functions, calendar year, US dollars (5LayerCake estimate)","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","title":"Intel Corporation Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025","publisher":"Intel Corporation","publishedDate":"2026-01-23","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"MD&A: Intel Foundry intersegment revenue and DCAI revenue; Xeon wafers in AI-server head nodes derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5): the sum of this company's CY2025 amounts in the card's functions (US$m, from its share notes): ai-accelerators 10; host-network-logic 720; optical-sige 15; total US$745m (range 300–1,510m, summing each function's low and high). "},"prior":{"low":417293117,"central":528641883,"high":733616269,"unit":"USD","basis":"Company's AI data-centre front-end wafer revenue across the card's four functions, calendar year, US dollars (5LayerCake estimate)","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","title":"Intel Corporation Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025","publisher":"Intel Corporation","publishedDate":"2026-01-23","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"MD&A: 2024 comparatives for Intel Foundry intersegment revenue and DCAI revenue; head-node growth assumed 1.3x (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5): the sum of this company's CY2024 amounts in the same functions (US$m, from its CY2024 prior-share notes): ai-accelerators 5.7; host-network-logic 513.6; optical-sige 9.3; total US$528.6m (range 417.3–733.6m). Amounts without a 2024 figure are allowances held at their CY2025 share of each part, so they add no growth beyond the part's own growth. Growth 41%."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":17826000000,"central":17826000000,"high":17826000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Intel Foundry segment revenue, fiscal year, US dollars","period":"FY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-27","source":{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","title":"Intel Corporation Form 10-K for fiscal year 2025","publisher":"Intel Corporation","publishedDate":"2026-01-23","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"MD&A, Intel Foundry Financial Performance: revenue $17,826m (intersegment $17.5bn, external $307m)"},"note":"Intel Foundry segment only, never Intel's consolidated total."},"screening":{"ai-accelerators":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"host-network-logic":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4},"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"99b86d122ceea893f7ff3141f43c63f20462baa1244c646053915b0f0145ec65"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"99b86d122ceea893f7ff3141f43c63f20462baa1244c646053915b0f0145ec65"}}},"tower":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"tower","name":"Tower Semiconductor","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://towersemi.com/technology/","title":"Tower Semiconductor technology","publisher":"Tower Semiconductor","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Technology menu: RF & HPA, Power Management, CMOS Image Sensor, Display, Non Imaging Sensors, Aerospace & Defense, Automotive, Mixed-Signal/CMOS, NVM; no advanced digital logic (page undated, © 2026)"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://towersemi.com/technology/","title":"Tower Semiconductor technology","publisher":"Tower Semiconductor","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Technology menu lists specialty analog platforms only; no CPU or network-switch logic processes (page undated, © 2026)"}},"power-analog":{"low":0.782,"central":2.56,"high":6.17,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-tower-semiconductor-ltd-stock/","title":"Tower Semiconductor Q4 2025 earnings call transcript","publisher":"Tower Semiconductor (call transcript published by MarketBeat)","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"CEO: power management 16% of 2025 corporate revenue (US$1.566bn), up 20% YoY; no 800V IC platform yet"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Tower: US$10m (3–25m). Arithmetic: power management about US$251m × assumed AI data-centre fraction 4% (1–10%). Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 2.56% (range 0.782–6.17%). Source published date: 2026-02-11 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":40.23,"central":45.3,"high":49.57,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-tower-semiconductor-ltd-stock/","title":"Tower Semiconductor Q4 2025 earnings call transcript","publisher":"Tower Semiconductor (call transcript published by MarketBeat)","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"CEO: SiGe and SiPho revenue US$421m (27% of 2025 revenue); SiPho alone US$228m (2024: US$106m); RF infrastructure +75% driven by hyperscaler adoption of silicon photonics in 800G and 1.6T transceivers"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Tower: US$421m × AI data-centre fraction 0.8 (0.65–0.95) = US$337m (274–400m). The company says the growth came from AI optical transceivers; TrendForce 2Q26 also names TIAs/drivers and photonic ICs for AI optical transceivers. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 45.3% (range 40.23–49.57%). Source published date: 2026-02-11 (full date)."}},"priorShares":{"power-analog":{"low":1.32,"central":4.27,"high":10.02,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-tower-semiconductor-ltd-stock/","title":"Tower Semiconductor Q4 2025 earnings call transcript","publisher":"Tower Semiconductor (call transcript published by MarketBeat)","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"CEO: power management 16% of 2025 corporate revenue, up 20% year on year; AI fraction held at the 2025 allowance (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Tower: US$8.3m (2.5–21m). The CEO says power management revenue grew 20% year on year in 2025 and was 16% of 2025 revenue (US$1.566bn). The AI data-centre fraction is held at the 2025 allowance, so the 2024 amount is the 2025 allowance (US$10m, 3–25m) ÷ 1.2. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): united-nova-technology 32 (18.3–41.1), vis 27.4 (13.7–41.1), umc 25.8 (10.5–46.2), tsmc 25 (10–55), hua-hong 21.8 (8.06–48.4), db-hitek 11.4 (4.85–26), tower 8.33 (2.5–20.8), others outside the register 7.5 (2.5–20), smic 6 (2–15), samsung-foundry 5 (1.5–15), sk-keyfoundry 5 (1.5–12.5), globalfoundries 4 (1–12.5), gta-semiconductor 4 (0–15), psmc 2.5 (0.5–7.5), xfab 2 (0.5–6), cr-micro 2 (0.5–6), cansemi 1.5 (0.25–5), episil 1.5 (0.25–4), nexchip 1 (0.25–4), sanan-ic 0.75 (0–3), silterra 0.5 (0.1–2), polar-semiconductor 0.25 (0–1), lfoundry 0.15 (0–0.75); central total 195.3. Share 4.27% (range 1.32–10.02%). Source published date: 2026-02-11 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":36.83,"central":41.78,"high":46.01,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-tower-semiconductor-ltd-stock/","title":"Tower Semiconductor Q4 2025 earnings call transcript","publisher":"Tower Semiconductor (call transcript published by MarketBeat)","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"CEO: SiGe and SiPho revenue US$241m in 2024 (17% of revenue) and US$421m in 2025 (27%); SiPho alone US$106m in 2024 and US$228m in 2025; AI data-centre fraction 0.8 (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Tower: US$193m (157–229m). The CEO says SiGe and SiPho revenue was US$241m in 2024 (17% of revenue) and US$421m in 2025; SiPho alone was US$106m in 2024 and US$228m in 2025. The same AI data-centre fraction as 2025, 0.8 (0.65–0.95), is applied: 0.8 × 241 = 193. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tower 192.8 (156.7–228.9), globalfoundries 180 (132–212), tsmc 12.4 (3.1–37.2), sanan-ic 12.4 (3.1–37.2), others outside the register 12.4 (4.96–31), intel 9.3 (0–37.2), win-semiconductors 9.3 (3.1–27.9), silterra 9.3 (2.48–24.8), stmicroelectronics 4.96 (1.24–18.6), gcs-holdings 4.96 (1.24–12.4), united-nova-technology 3.1 (0.62–9.3), smart-photonics 2.48 (0.62–6.2), awsc 1.86 (0.31–6.2), xfab 1.24 (0.186–4.96), ligentec 1.24 (0.186–3.72), smic 1.24 (0–6.2), cumec 0.93 (0.186–3.72), hua-hong 0.62 (0–4.96), cansemi 0.31 (0–1.86), silex-microsystems 0.31 (0–1.86), umc 0.31 (0–1.86); central total 461.5. Share 41.78% (range 36.83–46.01%). Source published date: 2026-02-11 (full date)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":277000000,"central":347000000,"high":425000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Company's AI data-centre front-end wafer revenue across the card's four functions, calendar year, US dollars (5LayerCake estimate)","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-tower-semiconductor-ltd-stock/","title":"Tower Semiconductor Q4 2025 earnings call transcript","publisher":"Tower Semiconductor (call transcript published by MarketBeat)","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"CEO: SiGe and SiPho revenue US$421m in 2025; power management 16% of revenue, up 20%; AI fraction 0.8 (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5): the sum of this company's CY2025 amounts in the card's functions (US$m, from its share notes): power-analog 10; optical-sige 337; total US$347m (range 277–425m, summing each function's low and high). "},"prior":{"low":159150000,"central":201133333,"high":249783333,"unit":"USD","basis":"Company's AI data-centre front-end wafer revenue across the card's four functions, calendar year, US dollars (5LayerCake estimate)","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-tower-semiconductor-ltd-stock/","title":"Tower Semiconductor Q4 2025 earnings call transcript","publisher":"Tower Semiconductor (call transcript published by MarketBeat)","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"CEO: SiGe and SiPho revenue US$241m in 2024; SiPho alone US$106m; AI fraction 0.8 (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5): the sum of this company's CY2024 amounts in the same functions (US$m, from its CY2024 prior-share notes): power-analog 8.3; optical-sige 192.8; total US$201.1m (range 159.2–249.8m). Amounts without a 2024 figure are allowances held at their CY2025 share of each part, so they add no growth beyond the part's own growth. Growth 73%."}},"committedExpansion":{"low":3.5,"central":3.5,"high":3.5,"unit":"ratio","basis":"SiPho capacity reserved for customers (over 70% of the capacity planned for Q4 2026) ÷ Q4 2025 SiPho wafer shipments","period":"Q4 2025 (capacity reserved through 2028)","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-tower-semiconductor-ltd-stock/","title":"Tower Semiconductor Q4 2025 earnings call transcript","publisher":"Tower Semiconductor (call transcript published by MarketBeat)","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"CEO: 'Over 70% of the total SiPho capacity is either presently reserved or in the process of being reserved through 2028'; capacity 'greater than 5x of the actual Q4 monthly wafer shipments'; 'firmly backed with customer prepayment'"},"note":"The company says total SiPho capacity is targeted to exceed five times the actual fourth-quarter 2025 monthly wafer shipments, and that over 70% of it is reserved or in the process of being reserved through 2028, backed by customer prepayment (Tower Q4 2025 call, 11 February 2026; T2). Committed capacity ÷ current activity = 0.7 × 5 = 3.5 times the Q4 2025 shipment rate. Both numbers are lower bounds ('over'), 'in the process of being reserved' is softer than signed, and the ratio is in wafers rather than dollars, so 3.5 is a conservative reading. The company's second-quarter 2026 release (4 August 2026, T2) shows the run rate already at US$680m a year against US$180m a year earlier, with customers' advances up US$283m in the first half of 2026."},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":1566000000,"central":1566000000,"high":1566000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-tower-semiconductor-ltd-stock/","title":"Tower Semiconductor Q4 2025 earnings call transcript","publisher":"Tower Semiconductor (call transcript published by MarketBeat)","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"CEO: 'Revenue for the full year was $1.566 billion, a $130 million or 9% increase as compared to 2024 revenue'"}},"screening":{"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"optical-sige":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"159104ef515007c01c09402a3f20688cee1d2dd94f82e8cc1d7ac73fd5679248"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"159104ef515007c01c09402a3f20688cee1d2dd94f82e8cc1d7ac73fd5679248"}}},"globalfoundries":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"globalfoundries","name":"GlobalFoundries","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"low":0,"central":0.06,"high":0.239,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI demand drives 4Q25 global top 10 foundries' revenue (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"GlobalFoundries 4Q25: demand for data-centre peripheral components"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the part's CY2025 front-end wafer value by foundry. TSMC's figure is the locked card's derivation: AI accelerators were a high-teens percent of TSMC's 2025 revenue of US$122.42bn (4Q25 call p.5; 4Q25 Management Report p.1), less the advanced-packaging content (about 10.5% of revenue, 4Q25 call p.10) with a 0.7 probability that TSMC's AI figure includes packaging, giving US$16.19bn (8.81–23.26bn). Other foundries are sized from press accounts of Chinese accelerator output and the foundries' own descriptions; their sum (US$0.51bn) sits inside the card's 0.2–1.2bn allowance. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. GF: US$10m (0–40m). Allowance only: GF's 12/14nm processes have carried some earlier AI-inference chips; no 2025 evidence of AI-accelerator wafers was found. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tsmc 16,190 (8,810–23,260), smic 400 (150–900), samsung-foundry 80 (20–300), hua-hong 10 (0–50), globalfoundries 10 (0–40), intel 10 (0–50); central total 16,700. Share 0.06% (range 0.0–0.239%). Source published date: 2026-03-12 (full date)."},"host-network-logic":{"low":0.171,"central":0.847,"high":2.5,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","title":"Global top 10 foundries' revenue in 2Q26 (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"GF 2Q26: demand for AI and server peripheral parts, including power ICs and TIAs/drivers"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: TSMC's part follows the card's ratio of host-CPU, network and interface logic to accelerator wafers (0.30, range 0.16–0.65; NVIDIA FY2026 networking ÷ compute 0.193 from https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1045810/000104581026000019/q4fy26cfocommentary.htm, plus TSMC-made AI-server CPUs about 0.08 and other interface logic about 0.02) applied to TSMC's US$16.19bn; Intel Foundry's Xeon host-CPU wafers are added separately because the card's ratio counts TSMC-made CPUs only; other foundries are sized from TrendForce's descriptions of their server-related orders. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. GF: US$50m (10–150m). Assumption: server interface, network PHY and legacy I/O-die wafers on 12/14/22nm. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tsmc 4,857 (2,590–10,520), intel 720 (300–1,400), smic 150 (50–400), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), samsung-foundry 50 (10–200), globalfoundries 50 (10–150), hua-hong 20 (0–80), psmc 3 (0–20), nexchip 2 (0–15); central total 5,903.6. Share 0.847% (range 0.171–2.5%). Source published date: 2026-09-09 (full date)."},"power-analog":{"low":0.52,"central":2.05,"high":6.13,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-globalfoundries-inc-stock/","title":"GlobalFoundries Q4 2025 earnings call transcript","publisher":"GlobalFoundries (call transcript published by MarketBeat)","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"CEO: two first-of-their-kind design wins on GaN and BCD platforms for data-centre power, volume production expected in 2026"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. GF: US$8m (2–25m). Data-centre power volume starts in 2026, so CY2025 is small. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 2.05% (range 0.52–6.13%). Source published date: 2026-02-11 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":26.72,"central":35.48,"high":45.76,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-globalfoundries-inc-stock/","title":"GlobalFoundries Q4 2025 earnings call transcript","publisher":"GlobalFoundries (call transcript published by MarketBeat)","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"CFO: silicon photonics revenue approximately doubled in 2025; communications infrastructure and data centre 11% of US$6.791bn FY2025 revenue (about US$747m, which also includes satellite and wireless)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. GF: optical about US$330m (250–450m; card estimate; the company says silicon photonics roughly doubled to over US$200m, plus SiGe TIA/driver wafers) × AI data-centre fraction 0.8 (0.7–0.9) = US$264m (175–405m). AMF (acquired November 2025) is consolidated here. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 35.48% (range 26.72–45.76%). Source published date: 2026-02-11 (full date)."}},"priorShares":{"ai-accelerators":{"low":0,"central":0.06,"high":0.239,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI demand drives 4Q25 global top 10 foundries' revenue (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"GlobalFoundries 4Q25: demand for data-centre peripheral components"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. GlobalFoundries: US$5.7m (0–23m). Allowance only: no 2024 evidence for this company in this part. Its CY2025 amount (US$10m, 0–40m) is divided by the part's growth factor 1.74 (CY2025 ÷ CY2024 for the evidence-based entries: 16,590 ÷ 9,532.4), which holds its share of the part unchanged. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tsmc 9,332.4 (4,323.9–13,512.1), smic 200 (60–450), samsung-foundry 46 (11.5–172.4), hua-hong 5.75 (0–28.7), globalfoundries 5.75 (0–23), intel 5.75 (0–28.7); central total 9,595.6. Share 0.06% (range 0.0–0.239%). Source published date: 2026-03-12 (full date)."},"host-network-logic":{"low":0.171,"central":0.847,"high":2.5,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","title":"Global top 10 foundries' revenue in 2Q26 (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"GF 2Q26: demand for AI and server peripheral parts, including power ICs and TIAs/drivers"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. GlobalFoundries: US$24.2m (4.8–72.5m). Allowance only: no 2024 evidence for this company in this part. Its CY2025 amount (US$50m, 10–150m) is divided by the part's growth factor 2.07 (CY2025 ÷ CY2024 for the evidence-based entries: 5,577 ÷ 2,697.4), which holds its share of the part unchanged. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tsmc 2,183.8 (1,164.7–4,731.5), intel 513.6 (417.3–667.7), smic 72.5 (24.2–193.5), umc 25 (10.2–44.6), samsung-foundry 24.2 (4.84–96.7), globalfoundries 24.2 (4.84–72.5), hua-hong 9.67 (0–38.7), psmc 1.45 (0–9.67), nexchip 0.967 (0–7.25); central total 2,855.4. Share 0.847% (range 0.171–2.5%). Source published date: 2026-09-09 (full date)."},"power-analog":{"low":0.52,"central":2.05,"high":6.13,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-globalfoundries-inc-stock/","title":"GlobalFoundries Q4 2025 earnings call transcript","publisher":"GlobalFoundries (call transcript published by MarketBeat)","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"CEO: two first-of-their-kind design wins on GaN and BCD platforms for data-centre power, volume production expected in 2026"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. GlobalFoundries: US$4m (1–12.5m). Allowance only: no 2024 evidence for this company in this part. Its CY2025 amount (US$8m, 2–25m) is divided by the part's growth factor 2.00 (CY2025 ÷ CY2024 for the evidence-based entries: 115 ÷ 57.5), which holds its share of the part unchanged. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): united-nova-technology 32 (18.3–41.1), vis 27.4 (13.7–41.1), umc 25.8 (10.5–46.2), tsmc 25 (10–55), hua-hong 21.8 (8.06–48.4), db-hitek 11.4 (4.85–26), tower 8.33 (2.5–20.8), others outside the register 7.5 (2.5–20), smic 6 (2–15), samsung-foundry 5 (1.5–15), sk-keyfoundry 5 (1.5–12.5), globalfoundries 4 (1–12.5), gta-semiconductor 4 (0–15), psmc 2.5 (0.5–7.5), xfab 2 (0.5–6), cr-micro 2 (0.5–6), cansemi 1.5 (0.25–5), episil 1.5 (0.25–4), nexchip 1 (0.25–4), sanan-ic 0.75 (0–3), silterra 0.5 (0.1–2), polar-semiconductor 0.25 (0–1), lfoundry 0.15 (0–0.75); central total 195.3. Share 2.05% (range 0.52–6.13%). Source published date: 2026-02-11 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":31.92,"central":39,"high":42.96,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-globalfoundries-inc-stock/","title":"GlobalFoundries Q4 2025 earnings call transcript","publisher":"GlobalFoundries (call transcript published by MarketBeat)","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"CEO: silicon photonics revenue roughly doubled to over US$200m in 2025; CFO: approximately doubled; split of the card's US$330m optical estimate is 5LayerCake's reading (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. GlobalFoundries: US$180m (132–212m). The company says silicon photonics revenue approximately doubled in 2025 to over US$200m (CEO and CFO, Q4 2025 call). The card's US$330m GF optical estimate is read as about US$210m silicon photonics plus about US$120m of other optical (SiGe) revenue; that split is 5LayerCake's reading, not a GF disclosure. 2024 = about US$105m silicon photonics (half of 2025) plus the same US$120m of other optical revenue = US$225m × the 0.8 AI data-centre fraction = US$180m. Low: the other optical revenue also halved ((105 + 60) × 0.8). High: silicon photonics grew 1.7× (to about US$125m in 2024) and other optical was US$140m ((125 + 140) × 0.8). Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tower 192.8 (156.7–228.9), globalfoundries 180 (132–212), tsmc 12.4 (3.1–37.2), sanan-ic 12.4 (3.1–37.2), others outside the register 12.4 (4.96–31), intel 9.3 (0–37.2), win-semiconductors 9.3 (3.1–27.9), silterra 9.3 (2.48–24.8), stmicroelectronics 4.96 (1.24–18.6), gcs-holdings 4.96 (1.24–12.4), united-nova-technology 3.1 (0.62–9.3), smart-photonics 2.48 (0.62–6.2), awsc 1.86 (0.31–6.2), xfab 1.24 (0.186–4.96), ligentec 1.24 (0.186–3.72), smic 1.24 (0–6.2), cumec 0.93 (0.186–3.72), hua-hong 0.62 (0–4.96), cansemi 0.31 (0–1.86), silex-microsystems 0.31 (0–1.86), umc 0.31 (0–1.86); central total 461.5. Share 39.0% (range 31.92–42.96%). Source published date: 2026-02-11 (full date)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":187000000,"central":332000000,"high":620000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Company's AI data-centre front-end wafer revenue across the card's four functions, calendar year, US dollars (5LayerCake estimate)","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-globalfoundries-inc-stock/","title":"GlobalFoundries Q4 2025 earnings call transcript","publisher":"GlobalFoundries (call transcript published by MarketBeat)","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"CEO: silicon photonics revenue roughly doubled to over US$200m in 2025; optical amount derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5): the sum of this company's CY2025 amounts in the card's functions (US$m, from its share notes): ai-accelerators 10; host-network-logic 50; power-analog 8; optical-sige 264; total US$332m (range 187–620m, summing each function's low and high). "},"prior":{"low":137836931,"central":213930158,"high":320036513,"unit":"USD","basis":"Company's AI data-centre front-end wafer revenue across the card's four functions, calendar year, US dollars (5LayerCake estimate)","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-globalfoundries-inc-stock/","title":"GlobalFoundries Q4 2025 earnings call transcript","publisher":"GlobalFoundries (call transcript published by MarketBeat)","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"CFO: silicon photonics revenue approximately doubled in 2025; 2024 optical amount derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5): the sum of this company's CY2024 amounts in the same functions (US$m, from its CY2024 prior-share notes): ai-accelerators 5.7; host-network-logic 24.2; power-analog 4; optical-sige 180; total US$213.9m (range 137.8–320m). Amounts without a 2024 figure are allowances held at their CY2025 share of each part, so they add no growth beyond the part's own growth. Growth 55%."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":6791000000,"central":6791000000,"high":6791000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-globalfoundries-inc-stock/","title":"GlobalFoundries Q4 2025 earnings call transcript","publisher":"GlobalFoundries (call transcript published by MarketBeat)","publishedDate":"2026-02-11","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"CFO: 'we delivered revenue of approximately $6.791 billion, up 1% year-over-year' (full year 2025)"}},"screening":{"ai-accelerators":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"host-network-logic":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"optical-sige":{"levelLow":2,"levelHigh":4}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"405a48ac4c6469be1ca90bcce8a9712f96cb3dd3d60a8ac44edced8ae915436f"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"405a48ac4c6469be1ca90bcce8a9712f96cb3dd3d60a8ac44edced8ae915436f"}}},"samsung-foundry":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"samsung-foundry","name":"Samsung Foundry","kind":"unit","parentId":"samsung-electronics","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"low":0.12,"central":0.479,"high":1.77,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI demand drives 4Q25 global top 10 foundries' revenue (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Samsung Foundry (ex. System LSI) ~US$3.4bn in 4Q25, 7.1% share; growth from new 2nm products and logic dies for HBM4 memory"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the part's CY2025 front-end wafer value by foundry. TSMC's figure is the locked card's derivation: AI accelerators were a high-teens percent of TSMC's 2025 revenue of US$122.42bn (4Q25 call p.5; 4Q25 Management Report p.1), less the advanced-packaging content (about 10.5% of revenue, 4Q25 call p.10) with a 0.7 probability that TSMC's AI figure includes packaging, giving US$16.19bn (8.81–23.26bn). Other foundries are sized from press accounts of Chinese accelerator output and the foundries' own descriptions; their sum (US$0.51bn) sits inside the card's 0.2–1.2bn allowance. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Samsung Foundry: US$80m (20–300m). Assumption: HBM4 base (logic) dies began in late 2025 and a few AI inference customers (Groq volume production is reported for 2026) were small in CY2025. Samsung Foundry unit only, never Samsung Electronics' total. Full-mode check: Samsung says high-performance computing is now 28% of its foundry business (Yonhap, 29 September 2026, https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/business/companies/20260929/samsung-expects-its-foundry-customers-to-quadruple-by-2029; T3), but that category includes non-AI-data-centre chips and the article names no AI-accelerator customers or amounts, so the allowance is unchanged. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tsmc 16,190 (8,810–23,260), smic 400 (150–900), samsung-foundry 80 (20–300), hua-hong 10 (0–50), globalfoundries 10 (0–40), intel 10 (0–50); central total 16,700. Share 0.479% (range 0.12–1.77%). Source published date: 2026-03-12 (full date)."},"host-network-logic":{"low":0.171,"central":0.847,"high":3.3,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI demand drives 4Q25 global top 10 foundries' revenue (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Samsung Foundry 4Q25 commentary"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: TSMC's part follows the card's ratio of host-CPU, network and interface logic to accelerator wafers (0.30, range 0.16–0.65; NVIDIA FY2026 networking ÷ compute 0.193 from https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1045810/000104581026000019/q4fy26cfocommentary.htm, plus TSMC-made AI-server CPUs about 0.08 and other interface logic about 0.02) applied to TSMC's US$16.19bn; Intel Foundry's Xeon host-CPU wafers are added separately because the card's ratio counts TSMC-made CPUs only; other foundries are sized from TrendForce's descriptions of their server-related orders. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Samsung Foundry: US$50m (10–200m). Assumption: a small amount of server CPU (IBM) and interface/network logic; no disclosure found. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tsmc 4,857 (2,590–10,520), intel 720 (300–1,400), smic 150 (50–400), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), samsung-foundry 50 (10–200), globalfoundries 50 (10–150), hua-hong 20 (0–80), psmc 3 (0–20), nexchip 2 (0–15); central total 5,903.6. Share 0.847% (range 0.171–3.3%). Source published date: 2026-03-12 (full date)."},"power-analog":{"low":0.782,"central":2.56,"high":7.31,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI demand drives 4Q25 global top 10 foundries' revenue (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Commentary: PMIC orders for servers kept 8-inch fabs highly utilised"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Samsung Foundry: US$10m (3–30m). Assumption: 8-inch BCD/PMIC wafers including DDR5 module and SSD power-management chips in AI servers; no disclosure. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 2.56% (range 0.782–7.31%). Source published date: 2026-03-12 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://picmagazine.net/article/123901/Samsung_enters_SiPh_foundry_market","title":"Samsung enters SiPh foundry market","publisher":"PIC Magazine","publishedDate":"2026-03-31","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Samsung announced its entry into the silicon-photonics foundry market at OFC 2026 (March 2026) and will begin fabrication once customers submit designs: no customer photonics wafers in CY2025"}}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":12500000000,"central":12634000000,"high":12800000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI Demand Drives 4Q25 Global Top 10 Foundries Revenue Up 2.6% QoQ; Samsung Gains Share and Tower Moves Up in Rankings, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Samsung Foundry (ex. System LSI): nearly US$3.4bn in 4Q25"},"note":"Samsung does not report foundry revenue separately. Sum of TrendForce's quarterly estimates for Samsung Foundry excluding System LSI: 1Q25 US$2.89bn (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250609-12612.html), 2Q25 US$3.16bn (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250901-12691.html), 3Q25 US$3.184bn (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20251212-12834.html) and 4Q25 'nearly US$3.4bn' (this source): about US$12.63bn. Unit only, never Samsung Electronics' total."},"screening":{"ai-accelerators":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"host-network-logic":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"553bee008ef92b036ec66e3c063dfc5700ac4bf3bf3279ba8a8c7163879ee69b"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"553bee008ef92b036ec66e3c063dfc5700ac4bf3bf3279ba8a8c7163879ee69b"}}},"umc":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"umc","name":"UMC","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","title":"Global top 10 foundries' revenue in 2Q26 (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"UMC 2Q26: growth from PC, notebook and consumer advance procurement, server FPGA orders and 8-inch recovery; UMC's most advanced node is 14nm and no AI-accelerator wafers are reported"}},"host-network-logic":{"low":0.358,"central":0.874,"high":1.55,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","title":"〈聯電法說〉AI營收三年拚逾10億美元 搶先進封裝、矽光子商機","publisher":"UAnalyze (優分析), republished from Cnyes","publishedDate":"2026-07-29","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"UMC chief executive: AI-related revenue approaching US$300m in 2026 and more than US$1bn within three years, covering power management, connectivity, FPGA, silicon photonics and advanced packaging (company statement as reported, T2); the 2025 data-centre wafer amount is derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: TSMC's part follows the card's ratio of host-CPU, network and interface logic to accelerator wafers (0.30, range 0.16–0.65; NVIDIA FY2026 networking ÷ compute 0.193 from https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1045810/000104581026000019/q4fy26cfocommentary.htm, plus TSMC-made AI-server CPUs about 0.08 and other interface logic about 0.02) applied to TSMC's US$16.19bn; Intel Foundry's Xeon host-CPU wafers are added separately because the card's ratio counts TSMC-made CPUs only; other foundries are sized from TrendForce's descriptions of their server-related orders. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. UMC: US$52m (21–92m) in each of host-network-logic and power-analog (US$103m in all). Full-mode update replacing the screening allowances (US$30m, 5–100m; US$25m, 8–60m). Inputs: UMC's chief executive said on 29 July 2026 that AI-related revenue would approach US$300m in 2026 and exceed US$1bn within three years, covering power management (PMIC), connectivity chips, FPGA, silicon photonics and advanced packaging, with silicon photonics, PMIC and FPGA the strongest near-term growth products (UAnalyze/Cnyes, 29 July 2026, https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427; Mirror Media, 29 July 2026, https://www.mirrormedia.mg/story/20260729-180fin-175758; company statement as reported, T2). No 2025 figure was given. Arithmetic: 2025 AI-related revenue = US$300m ÷ 1.6 (growth to 2026 of 1.3–2.5×; the three-year target implies about 49% a year) = US$188m (US$120–231m); × 0.55 (0.35–0.8), the part that is front-end wafers for AI data-centre chips (it leaves out advanced packaging, whose significant revenue the company expects from 2027 (UAnalyze, 28 January 2026, https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/2688546743), and any edge-AI chips) = US$103m; split equally between host-network-logic (FPGA, connectivity) and power-analog (PMIC) because no split is published. The split, the 0.55 and the 1.6 are 5LayerCake assumptions. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tsmc 4,857 (2,590–10,520), intel 720 (300–1,400), smic 150 (50–400), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), samsung-foundry 50 (10–200), globalfoundries 50 (10–150), hua-hong 20 (0–80), psmc 3 (0–20), nexchip 2 (0–15); central total 5,903.6. Share 0.874% (range 0.358–1.55%). Source published date: 2026-07-29 (full date)."},"power-analog":{"low":5.83,"central":13.21,"high":21.41,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","title":"〈聯電法說〉AI營收三年拚逾10億美元 搶先進封裝、矽光子商機","publisher":"UAnalyze (優分析), republished from Cnyes","publishedDate":"2026-07-29","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"UMC chief executive: AI-related revenue approaching US$300m in 2026 and more than US$1bn within three years, covering power management, connectivity, FPGA, silicon photonics and advanced packaging (company statement as reported, T2); the 2025 data-centre wafer amount is derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. UMC: US$52m (21–92m) in each of host-network-logic and power-analog (US$103m in all). Full-mode update replacing the screening allowances (US$30m, 5–100m; US$25m, 8–60m). Inputs: UMC's chief executive said on 29 July 2026 that AI-related revenue would approach US$300m in 2026 and exceed US$1bn within three years, covering power management (PMIC), connectivity chips, FPGA, silicon photonics and advanced packaging, with silicon photonics, PMIC and FPGA the strongest near-term growth products (UAnalyze/Cnyes, 29 July 2026, https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427; Mirror Media, 29 July 2026, https://www.mirrormedia.mg/story/20260729-180fin-175758; company statement as reported, T2). No 2025 figure was given. Arithmetic: 2025 AI-related revenue = US$300m ÷ 1.6 (growth to 2026 of 1.3–2.5×; the three-year target implies about 49% a year) = US$188m (US$120–231m); × 0.55 (0.35–0.8), the part that is front-end wafers for AI data-centre chips (it leaves out advanced packaging, whose significant revenue the company expects from 2027 (UAnalyze, 28 January 2026, https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/2688546743), and any edge-AI chips) = US$103m; split equally between host-network-logic (FPGA, connectivity) and power-analog (PMIC) because no split is published. The split, the 0.55 and the 1.6 are 5LayerCake assumptions. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 13.21% (range 5.83–21.41%). Source published date: 2026-07-29 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":0,"central":0.067,"high":0.402,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/07/15/2003860747","title":"UMC starts mass production of silicon photonics wafers in Singapore","publisher":"Taipei Times","publishedDate":"2026-07-15","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"UMC started mass production of silicon-photonics wafers at its Singapore 12-inch fab on 14 July 2026, for SILITH's 1.6T platform for AI data-centre networks"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. UMC: US$0.5m (0–3m). CY2025 was before mass production (July 2026); allowance for pre-production wafers only. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 0.067% (range 0.0–0.402%). Source published date: 2026-07-15 (full date)."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":7600000000,"central":7640000000,"high":7700000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI Demand Drives 4Q25 Global Top 10 Foundries Revenue Up 2.6% QoQ; Samsung Gains Share and Tower Moves Up in Rankings, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"UMC: around US$2 billion in 4Q25"},"note":"UMC's own annual figure could not be opened (umc.com and the Business Wire copy blocked). Sum of TrendForce's quarterly estimates: 1Q25 US$1.76bn, 2Q25 US$1.9bn, 3Q25 nearly US$1.98bn, 4Q25 around US$2bn (releases of 9 June 2025, 1 September 2025, 12 December 2025 and 12 March 2026), about US$7.64bn."},"screening":{"host-network-logic":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"615ff89a27dc912a281cfa29e90042fda2a0844063d19b7189ebb62ef59b7dc5"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"615ff89a27dc912a281cfa29e90042fda2a0844063d19b7189ebb62ef59b7dc5"}}},"vis":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"vis","name":"VIS","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","title":"Demand prompts Vanguard expansion","publisher":"Taipei Times","publishedDate":"2026-08-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"The chipmaker focuses on producing power management chips; no advanced logic reported"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","title":"Demand prompts Vanguard expansion","publisher":"Taipei Times","publishedDate":"2026-08-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"The chipmaker focuses on producing power management chips; no CPU or network logic"}},"power-analog":{"low":9.08,"central":19.97,"high":28.54,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","title":"Demand prompts Vanguard expansion","publisher":"Taipei Times","publishedDate":"2026-08-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"AI-related chip revenue was a low-single-digit percentage of 2025 sales; demand for power management chips used in AI servers"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. VIS: US$78m (31–125m). Arithmetic: 2025 revenue US$1,560m (sum of TrendForce's quarterly ranking figures, T4: 363 + 379 + 412 + 406; the screening pass used 4 × the fourth quarter, US$1.62bn) × AI-related share 5% (2–8%). Conflict between company statements reported in the press: Taipei Times, 5 November 2025, reports the chairman saying AI-related chips were a high-single-digit percentage of revenue in 2025, up from a low-single-digit percentage in 2024 (https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2025/11/05/2003846646); on 4 August 2026 the vice president Chen Shih-chun said the 2025 share was low single digits, still single digits in the first half of 2026 and double digits for 2026 as a whole, 'nearly double' last year (Storm Media, https://www.storm.mg/article/11154024), and the Taipei Times of 5 August 2026 also says low-single-digit for 2025. The central 5% sits between the two readings (a low-single-digit first half and a high-single-digit second half would average about 5%); the range spans both. Full-mode update: revenue base changed from US$1.62bn to US$1.56bn, central US$80m to US$78m, low end 3% to 2%. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 19.97% (range 9.08–28.54%). Source published date: 2026-08-05 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","title":"Demand prompts Vanguard expansion","publisher":"Taipei Times","publishedDate":"2026-08-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"The chipmaker focuses on producing power management chips; no silicon-photonics or SiGe optical-link production reported"}}},"priorShares":{"power-analog":{"low":7.55,"central":14.04,"high":19.68,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2025/11/05/2003846646","title":"Vanguard profit slips; AI sparks hope","publisher":"Taipei Times","publishedDate":"2025-11-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Chairman: AI-related chips a high-single-digit percentage of revenue in 2025, up from a low-single-digit percentage in 2024; revenue from TrendForce quarterly rankings; amount derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. VIS: US$27.4m (13.7–41.1m). Arithmetic: 2024 revenue US$1,371m (sum of TrendForce's quarterly ranking figures, T4: 306 + 342 + 366 + 357) × AI-related share 2% (1–3%). Taipei Times (5 November 2025) reports the chairman saying the AI-related share was a low-single-digit percentage in 2024 and rose to a high-single-digit percentage in 2025. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): united-nova-technology 32 (18.3–41.1), vis 27.4 (13.7–41.1), umc 25.8 (10.5–46.2), tsmc 25 (10–55), hua-hong 21.8 (8.06–48.4), db-hitek 11.4 (4.85–26), tower 8.33 (2.5–20.8), others outside the register 7.5 (2.5–20), smic 6 (2–15), samsung-foundry 5 (1.5–15), sk-keyfoundry 5 (1.5–12.5), globalfoundries 4 (1–12.5), gta-semiconductor 4 (0–15), psmc 2.5 (0.5–7.5), xfab 2 (0.5–6), cr-micro 2 (0.5–6), cansemi 1.5 (0.25–5), episil 1.5 (0.25–4), nexchip 1 (0.25–4), sanan-ic 0.75 (0–3), silterra 0.5 (0.1–2), polar-semiconductor 0.25 (0–1), lfoundry 0.15 (0–0.75); central total 195.3. Share 14.04% (range 7.55–19.68%). Source published date: 2025-11-05 (full date)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":31200000,"central":78000000,"high":124800000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Company's AI data-centre front-end wafer revenue across the card's four functions, calendar year, US dollars (5LayerCake estimate)","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","title":"Demand prompts Vanguard expansion","publisher":"Taipei Times","publishedDate":"2026-08-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"AI-related chip revenue a low-single-digit percentage of 2025 sales; chairman in November 2025: high-single-digit (T3); amount derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5): the sum of this company's CY2025 amounts in the card's functions (US$m, from its share notes): power-analog 78; total US$78m (range 31.2–124.8m, summing each function's low and high). Revenue from TrendForce's quarterly rankings (US$1,560m in 2025; US$1,371m in 2024)."},"prior":{"low":13710000,"central":27420000,"high":41130000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Company's AI data-centre front-end wafer revenue across the card's four functions, calendar year, US dollars (5LayerCake estimate)","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2025/11/05/2003846646","title":"Vanguard profit slips; AI sparks hope","publisher":"Taipei Times","publishedDate":"2025-11-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Chairman: AI-related chips a low-single-digit percentage of 2024 revenue (T3); amount derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5): the sum of this company's CY2024 amounts in the same functions (US$m, from its CY2024 prior-share notes): power-analog 27.4; total US$27.4m (range 13.7–41.1m). Amounts without a 2024 figure are allowances held at their CY2025 share of each part, so they add no growth beyond the part's own growth. Growth 184%."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":1555000000,"central":1560000000,"high":1565000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI Demand Drives 4Q25 Global Top 10 Foundries Revenue Up 2.6% QoQ; Samsung Gains Share and Tower Moves Up in Rankings, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Vanguard US$406 million in 4Q25"},"note":"Sum of TrendForce's quarterly estimates: 1Q25 US$363m, 2Q25 US$379m, 3Q25 US$412m, 4Q25 US$406m (releases of 9 June 2025, 1 September 2025, 12 December 2025 and 12 March 2026)."},"screening":{"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"35eb6d081b01a6732bf09c72de7c3b38fb2bd8a0dc474f43af2073ce4683899f"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"35eb6d081b01a6732bf09c72de7c3b38fb2bd8a0dc474f43af2073ce4683899f"}}},"united-nova-technology":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"united-nova-technology","name":"United Nova Technology","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.cls.cn/detail/2349776","title":"AI产业爆发、新能源汽车市场扩容 芯联集成Q1营收19.62亿元 亏损持续收窄","publisher":"Cailian Press (cls.cn)","publishedDate":"2026-04-20","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Power, BCD (180nm, 55nm), SiC, MEMS and VCSEL platforms; no advanced logic"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.cls.cn/detail/2349776","title":"AI产业爆发、新能源汽车市场扩容 芯联集成Q1营收19.62亿元 亏损持续收窄","publisher":"Cailian Press (cls.cn)","publishedDate":"2026-04-20","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Power and BCD platforms; no CPU or network logic"}},"power-analog":{"low":10.05,"central":16.36,"high":20.09,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.cls.cn/detail/2349776","title":"AI产业爆发、新能源汽车市场扩容 芯联集成Q1营收19.62亿元 亏损持续收窄","publisher":"Cailian Press (cls.cn)","publishedDate":"2026-04-20","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"2025 revenue RMB 8.18bn (+25.67%); AI business 8.02% of revenue; full-tier server power products, 55nm power-management chip in mass production"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. United Nova: US$64m (37–82m). Arithmetic: 2025 revenue RMB 8.18bn × AI business 8.02% (Cailian Press, 20 April 2026) = RMB 656m ≈ US$91.3m (RMB 7.1875/US$, the 2025 average in the Federal Reserve's G.5A release) × data-centre fraction 0.7 (0.4–0.9). Full-mode update: the screening pass used a fraction of 0.5 on the reading that the AI business also covered robotics and smart driving. In August 2026 Jiemian News and Gasgoo describe the company's AI business as AI data-centre power and AI optical interconnect, so the central fraction is raised to 0.7 and the low end stays at 0.4. The optical part (VCSEL and similar) is carried separately at US$5m and is counted inside the same AI business, so the two parts together stay below US$91m. H1 2026 AI business revenue grew 84.31% year on year. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 16.36% (range 10.05–20.09%). Source published date: 2026-04-20 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":0.135,"central":0.672,"high":1.99,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.cls.cn/detail/2349776","title":"AI产业爆发、新能源汽车市场扩容 芯联集成Q1营收19.62亿元 亏损持续收窄","publisher":"Cailian Press (cls.cn)","publishedDate":"2026-04-20","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"VCSEL optical communication chip in mass production; MEMS OCS switching chip passed customer verification"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. United Nova: US$5m (1–15m). Assumption: VCSEL and early silicon-photonics optical-interconnect wafers. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 0.672% (range 0.135–1.99%). Source published date: 2026-04-20 (full date)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":361247600,"central":361247600,"high":361247600,"unit":"CNY","basis":"AI business revenue as the company defines it (mainly AI data-centre power and AI optical interconnect), half-year, RMB","period":"H1 2026","periodEnd":"2026-06-30","source":{"url":"https://m.jiemian.com/article/14901922.html","title":"芯联集成：上半年AI业务营收同比增长84.31%","publisher":"Jiemian News (界面新闻)","publishedDate":"2026-08-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"H1 2026 AI business revenue up 84.31% year on year; AI data-centre power and AI optical interconnect named as the two parts"},"note":"The company's H1 2026 report, as reported by Jiemian News on 10 August 2026 and by Gasgoo on 14 August 2026 (https://autonews.gasgoo.com/articles/news/2088112950761250816), puts AI business revenue up 84.31% year on year; no absolute figure was given. Derived: RMB 196m (H1 2025) × 1.8431 = RMB 361m. A half-year against the same half-year a year earlier, because no 2024 AI figure was found."},"prior":{"low":196000000,"central":196000000,"high":196000000,"unit":"CNY","basis":"AI business revenue as the company defines it (mainly AI data-centre power and AI optical interconnect), half-year, RMB","period":"H1 2025","periodEnd":"2025-06-30","source":{"url":"https://www.cls.cn/detail/2105789","title":"芯联集成上半年归母净利减亏63.82% 目标2026年收入规模达百亿级","publisher":"Cailian Press (cls.cn)","publishedDate":"2025-08-04","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"H1 2025 AI revenue RMB 196m (1.96亿元), about 6% of total revenue of RMB 3.495bn"},"note":"The company's H1 2025 results, as reported by Cailian Press on 4 August 2025: AI revenue RMB 196m, about 6% of H1 revenue of RMB 3.495bn. The definition of AI revenue in that report is not given in the article."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":1138000000,"central":1138000000,"high":1138000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.cls.cn/detail/2349776","title":"AI产业爆发、新能源汽车市场扩容 芯联集成Q1营收19.62亿元 亏损持续收窄","publisher":"Cailian Press (cls.cn)","publishedDate":"2026-04-20","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"2025 revenue RMB 8.18bn, up 25.67%"},"note":"RMB 8.18bn converted at RMB 7.1875 per US$ (Federal Reserve G.5A, 2025 average, https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g5a/current/default.htm). Includes module packaging and other non-foundry revenue; the company reports one revenue line."},"screening":{"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"058c72f7d7eca863d3817d8effd103b4ff61579d4a0a0a8cfb7b8c8abf53a08f"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"058c72f7d7eca863d3817d8effd103b4ff61579d4a0a0a8cfb7b8c8abf53a08f"}}},"sanan-ic":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"sanan-ic","name":"Sanan IC","kind":"unit","parentId":"sanan-optoelectronics","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://picmagazine.net/article/110707/Sanan_IC_Expands_Optoelectronic_Foundry_Services","title":"Sanan IC Expands Optoelectronic Foundry Services","publisher":"PIC Magazine","publishedDate":"2020-03-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Compound-semiconductor optoelectronic foundry (GaAs and InP epitaxy, VCSELs, DFB lasers, APDs); no silicon logic"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://picmagazine.net/article/110707/Sanan_IC_Expands_Optoelectronic_Foundry_Services","title":"Sanan IC Expands Optoelectronic Foundry Services","publisher":"PIC Magazine","publishedDate":"2020-03-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Compound-semiconductor optoelectronic foundry; no silicon logic"}},"power-analog":{"low":0,"central":0.384,"high":1.52,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://picmagazine.net/article/110707/Sanan_IC_Expands_Optoelectronic_Foundry_Services","title":"Sanan IC Expands Optoelectronic Foundry Services","publisher":"PIC Magazine","publishedDate":"2020-03-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Sanan IC wafer foundry (the article covers its optoelectronic services)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Sanan IC: US$1.5m (0–6m). Allowance for SiC/GaN power foundry wafers in data-centre power supplies; not evidenced in the source, range includes zero. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 0.384% (range 0.0–1.52%). Source published date: 2020-03-09 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":0.686,"central":2.69,"high":7.65,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://picmagazine.net/article/110707/Sanan_IC_Expands_Optoelectronic_Foundry_Services","title":"Sanan IC Expands Optoelectronic Foundry Services","publisher":"PIC Magazine","publishedDate":"2020-03-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Foundry for customised VCSELs, high-speed VCSELs, DFB lasers and APDs; dedicated GaAs and InP epitaxy capacity (2020)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Sanan IC: US$20m (5–60m). Assumption: datacom laser and photodiode wafers for Chinese transceiver makers; no recent figure found. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 2.69% (range 0.686–7.65%). Source published date: 2020-03-09 (full date)."}},"screening":{"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"baa17881011110c0376b78b1ad2210486de6704b7ee37e50f0f0bd496a089864"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"baa17881011110c0376b78b1ad2210486de6704b7ee37e50f0f0bd496a089864"}}},"hua-hong":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"hua-hong","name":"Hua Hong","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"low":0,"central":0.06,"high":0.299,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI demand drives 4Q25 global top 10 foundries' revenue (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"HuaHong Group ~US$1.22bn in 4Q25, total includes HLMC (Huali) after consolidation"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the part's CY2025 front-end wafer value by foundry. TSMC's figure is the locked card's derivation: AI accelerators were a high-teens percent of TSMC's 2025 revenue of US$122.42bn (4Q25 call p.5; 4Q25 Management Report p.1), less the advanced-packaging content (about 10.5% of revenue, 4Q25 call p.10) with a 0.7 probability that TSMC's AI figure includes packaging, giving US$16.19bn (8.81–23.26bn). Other foundries are sized from press accounts of Chinese accelerator output and the foundries' own descriptions; their sum (US$0.51bn) sits inside the card's 0.2–1.2bn allowance. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Hua Hong at the Huahong Group boundary (incl. Huali Fab 6): US$10m (0–50m). Allowance only: Huali Fab 6's reported 7nm work was in development; no AI-accelerator production evidence for 2025. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tsmc 16,190 (8,810–23,260), smic 400 (150–900), samsung-foundry 80 (20–300), hua-hong 10 (0–50), globalfoundries 10 (0–40), intel 10 (0–50); central total 16,700. Share 0.06% (range 0.0–0.299%). Source published date: 2026-03-12 (full date)."},"host-network-logic":{"low":0,"central":0.339,"high":1.34,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI demand drives 4Q25 global top 10 foundries' revenue (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"HuaHong Group 4Q25 commentary"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: TSMC's part follows the card's ratio of host-CPU, network and interface logic to accelerator wafers (0.30, range 0.16–0.65; NVIDIA FY2026 networking ÷ compute 0.193 from https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1045810/000104581026000019/q4fy26cfocommentary.htm, plus TSMC-made AI-server CPUs about 0.08 and other interface logic about 0.02) applied to TSMC's US$16.19bn; Intel Foundry's Xeon host-CPU wafers are added separately because the card's ratio counts TSMC-made CPUs only; other foundries are sized from TrendForce's descriptions of their server-related orders. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Hua Hong Group: US$20m (0–80m). Assumption: Huali 28/22/14nm logic for Chinese server interface and network chips; no disclosure. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tsmc 4,857 (2,590–10,520), intel 720 (300–1,400), smic 150 (50–400), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), samsung-foundry 50 (10–200), globalfoundries 50 (10–150), hua-hong 20 (0–80), psmc 3 (0–20), nexchip 2 (0–15); central total 5,903.6. Share 0.339% (range 0.0–1.34%). Source published date: 2026-03-12 (full date)."},"power-analog":{"low":2.68,"central":6.91,"high":14.17,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2026/0212/2026021200389.pdf","title":"Hua Hong Semiconductor Reports 2025 Fourth Quarter Results (news release)","publisher":"Hua Hong Semiconductor","publishedDate":"2026-02-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"p.8: 4Q25 analog & power management US$173.8m and power discrete US$168.9m (US$000: 173,802 and 168,859); the full year sums the four quarterly releases (1Q25, 2Q25 and 3Q25 on p.7 of each; URLs in the note): 636,501 and 667,359; 2025 revenue US$2,402.1m on p.5; the AI fractions are assumed by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Hua Hong Group: US$27m (10–60m). Inputs: Hua Hong Semiconductor's own quarterly results releases give revenue by technology platform (US$000, unaudited; company statements, T2). Analog & PM: 136,784 in 1Q25 (p.7, https://www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2025/0508/2025050800745.pdf), 161,154 in 2Q25 (p.7, https://www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2025/0807/2025080700349.pdf), 164,761 in 3Q25 (p.7, https://www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2025/1106/2025110600458.pdf) and 173,802 in 4Q25 (p.8, https://www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2026/0212/2026021200389.pdf), a total of US$636.5m. Power discrete: 162,751, 166,713, 169,036 and 168,859, a total of US$667.4m. The four quarters' total revenue sums to US$2,402,064 thousand, the full-year figure in the 4Q25 release (p.5), so the platforms are the listed company's. They replace the screening note's full-year figures of about US$580m and US$650m, which no release states. Arithmetic: 636.5 × 2.8% + 667.4 × 1.4% = 17.8 + 9.3 = US$27.2m, carried as US$27m. The AI data-centre fractions (2.8% of analog & PM and 1.4% of power discrete) are 5LayerCake judgments with no company disclosure. They keep the 2:1 weighting of the earlier 3% and 1.5% and are set so that the entry stays at the part table's US$27m; at 3% and 1.5% the corrected platform revenue would give US$29.1m, inside the 10–60m range. Boundary: the platform revenue is the listed company's (US$2,402m of the Huahong Group's US$4.50bn); the Huali (HLMC) fabs are outside these figures, so any analog or power wafers they make are not counted, which the range allows for. TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related PMICs as a Hua Hong driver (https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html). Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 6.91% (range 2.68–14.17%). Source published date: 2026-02-12 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":0,"central":0.134,"high":1.07,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2026/0212/2026021200389.pdf","title":"Hua Hong Semiconductor Reports 2025 Fourth Quarter Results (news release)","publisher":"Hua Hong Semiconductor","publishedDate":"2026-02-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"p.3: specialty platforms embedded/standalone NVM, power discrete, analog & power management, logic & RF"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Hua Hong Group: US$1m (0–8m). Allowance only: no silicon-photonics or SiGe optical-link production evidence found; range includes zero. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 0.134% (range 0.0–1.07%). Source published date: 2026-02-12 (full date)."}},"priorShares":{"ai-accelerators":{"low":0,"central":0.06,"high":0.299,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI demand drives 4Q25 global top 10 foundries' revenue (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"HuaHong Group ~US$1.22bn in 4Q25, total includes HLMC (Huali) after consolidation"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Hua Hong Group: US$5.7m (0–28.7m). Allowance only: no 2024 evidence for this company in this part. Its CY2025 amount (US$10m, 0–50m) is divided by the part's growth factor 1.74 (CY2025 ÷ CY2024 for the evidence-based entries: 16,590 ÷ 9,532.4), which holds its share of the part unchanged. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tsmc 9,332.4 (4,323.9–13,512.1), smic 200 (60–450), samsung-foundry 46 (11.5–172.4), hua-hong 5.75 (0–28.7), globalfoundries 5.75 (0–23), intel 5.75 (0–28.7); central total 9,595.6. Share 0.06% (range 0.0–0.299%). Source published date: 2026-03-12 (full date)."},"host-network-logic":{"low":0,"central":0.339,"high":1.34,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI demand drives 4Q25 global top 10 foundries' revenue (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"HuaHong Group 4Q25 commentary"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Hua Hong Group: US$9.7m (0–38.7m). Allowance only: no 2024 evidence for this company in this part. Its CY2025 amount (US$20m, 0–80m) is divided by the part's growth factor 2.07 (CY2025 ÷ CY2024 for the evidence-based entries: 5,577 ÷ 2,697.4), which holds its share of the part unchanged. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tsmc 2,183.8 (1,164.7–4,731.5), intel 513.6 (417.3–667.7), smic 72.5 (24.2–193.5), umc 25 (10.2–44.6), samsung-foundry 24.2 (4.84–96.7), globalfoundries 24.2 (4.84–72.5), hua-hong 9.67 (0–38.7), psmc 1.45 (0–9.67), nexchip 0.967 (0–7.25); central total 2,855.4. Share 0.339% (range 0.0–1.34%). Source published date: 2026-03-12 (full date)."},"power-analog":{"low":4.44,"central":11.14,"high":21.8,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2026/0212/2026021200389.pdf","title":"Hua Hong Semiconductor Reports 2025 Fourth Quarter Results (news release)","publisher":"Hua Hong Semiconductor","publishedDate":"2026-02-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"p.8: analog & power management US$173.8m in 4Q25 against US$123.5m in 4Q24 (+40.7%); power discrete US$168.9m against US$165.0m (+2.4%); AI fractions assumed by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Hua Hong Group: US$21.8m (8.06–48.4m). The 2025 estimate is analog & power management US$636.5m × 2.8% plus power discrete US$667.4m × 1.4% (assumed AI data-centre fractions; sources in the CY2025 share) ≈ US$27m. For 2024 each platform is divided by its fourth-quarter year-on-year change in the company's release (analog & power management US$173.8m against US$123.5m, ×1.407; power discrete US$168.9m against US$165.0m, ×1.024): 636.5 ÷ 1.407 × 2.8% + 667.4 ÷ 1.024 × 1.4% = 12.7 + 9.1 = US$21.8m. The range is the 2025 range (10–60m) times 0.806, the factor the part's CY2024 table carries (8.06–48.4m). Fourth-quarter changes stand in for full-year changes and the AI fractions are assumed unchanged, which understates growth if the AI mix rose; the four releases' own 2024 comparatives (US$450.2m and US$623.9m) would give about US$21.3m, inside the range, and the proxy is kept so that the part table is unchanged. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): united-nova-technology 32 (18.3–41.1), vis 27.4 (13.7–41.1), umc 25.8 (10.5–46.2), tsmc 25 (10–55), hua-hong 21.8 (8.06–48.4), db-hitek 11.4 (4.85–26), tower 8.33 (2.5–20.8), others outside the register 7.5 (2.5–20), smic 6 (2–15), samsung-foundry 5 (1.5–15), sk-keyfoundry 5 (1.5–12.5), globalfoundries 4 (1–12.5), gta-semiconductor 4 (0–15), psmc 2.5 (0.5–7.5), xfab 2 (0.5–6), cr-micro 2 (0.5–6), cansemi 1.5 (0.25–5), episil 1.5 (0.25–4), nexchip 1 (0.25–4), sanan-ic 0.75 (0–3), silterra 0.5 (0.1–2), polar-semiconductor 0.25 (0–1), lfoundry 0.15 (0–0.75); central total 195.3. Share 11.14% (range 4.44–21.8%). Source published date: 2026-02-12 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":0,"central":0.134,"high":1.07,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2026/0212/2026021200389.pdf","title":"Hua Hong Semiconductor Reports 2025 Fourth Quarter Results (news release)","publisher":"Hua Hong Semiconductor","publishedDate":"2026-02-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"p.3: specialty platforms embedded/standalone NVM, power discrete, analog & power management, logic & RF"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: the CY2025 bottom-up table (see this company's CY2025 share) rebuilt for calendar 2024. A company's CY2024 amount is evidence-based where the company or press gives a 2024 figure; any other amount is an allowance whose share of the part is held at its CY2025 value (no change assumed), so it adds no share change. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Hua Hong Group: US$0.6m (0–5m). Allowance only: no 2024 evidence for this company in this part. Its CY2025 amount (US$1m, 0–8m) is divided by the part's growth factor 1.61 (CY2025 ÷ CY2024 for the evidence-based entries: 601 ÷ 372.8), which holds its share of the part unchanged. Part total, CY2024 US$m (central, range): tower 192.8 (156.7–228.9), globalfoundries 180 (132–212), tsmc 12.4 (3.1–37.2), sanan-ic 12.4 (3.1–37.2), others outside the register 12.4 (4.96–31), intel 9.3 (0–37.2), win-semiconductors 9.3 (3.1–27.9), silterra 9.3 (2.48–24.8), stmicroelectronics 4.96 (1.24–18.6), gcs-holdings 4.96 (1.24–12.4), united-nova-technology 3.1 (0.62–9.3), smart-photonics 2.48 (0.62–6.2), awsc 1.86 (0.31–6.2), xfab 1.24 (0.186–4.96), ligentec 1.24 (0.186–3.72), smic 1.24 (0–6.2), cumec 0.93 (0.186–3.72), hua-hong 0.62 (0–4.96), cansemi 0.31 (0–1.86), silex-microsystems 0.31 (0–1.86), umc 0.31 (0–1.86); central total 461.5. Share 0.134% (range 0.0–1.07%). Source published date: 2026-02-12 (full date)."}},"activityGrowth":{"current":{"low":10000000,"central":58000000,"high":198000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Company's AI data-centre front-end wafer revenue across the card's four functions, calendar year, US dollars (5LayerCake estimate)","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2026/0212/2026021200389.pdf","title":"Hua Hong Semiconductor Reports 2025 Fourth Quarter Results (news release)","publisher":"Hua Hong Semiconductor","publishedDate":"2026-02-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"p.8: analog & power management US$173.8m in 4Q25 (+40.7% year on year), power discrete US$168.9m (+2.4%); AI fractions assumed (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5): the sum of this company's CY2025 amounts in the card's functions (US$m, from its share notes): ai-accelerators 10; host-network-logic 20; power-analog 27; optical-sige 1; total US$58m (range 10–198m, summing each function's low and high). The change comes from the company's reported platform revenue with constant assumed AI fractions."},"prior":{"low":8061960,"central":37806599,"high":120756044,"unit":"USD","basis":"Company's AI data-centre front-end wafer revenue across the card's four functions, calendar year, US dollars (5LayerCake estimate)","period":"CY2024","periodEnd":"2024-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2026/0212/2026021200389.pdf","title":"Hua Hong Semiconductor Reports 2025 Fourth Quarter Results (news release)","publisher":"Hua Hong Semiconductor","publishedDate":"2026-02-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"p.8: 4Q24 analog & power management US$123.5m, power discrete US$165.0m; AI fractions assumed (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5): the sum of this company's CY2024 amounts in the same functions (US$m, from its CY2024 prior-share notes): ai-accelerators 5.7; host-network-logic 9.7; power-analog 21.8; optical-sige 0.6; total US$37.8m (range 8.1–120.8m). Amounts without a 2024 figure are allowances held at their CY2025 share of each part, so they add no growth beyond the part's own growth. Growth 53%."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":4450000000,"central":4500000000,"high":4560000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI Demand Drives 4Q25 Global Top 10 Foundries Revenue Up 2.6% QoQ; Samsung Gains Share and Tower Moves Up in Rankings, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"HuaHong Group approximately US$1.22bn in 4Q25"},"note":"Huahong Group boundary (Hua Hong Semiconductor with HHGrace and the Huali fabs), as the register counts it. Sum of TrendForce's quarterly estimates: 1Q25 US$1.01bn, 2Q25 about US$1.06bn, 3Q25 over US$1.21bn, 4Q25 approximately US$1.22bn (releases of 9 June 2025, 1 September 2025, 12 December 2025 and 12 March 2026). The listed company alone reported US$2,402.1m (up 19.9%) in its 4Q25 results release."},"screening":{"ai-accelerators":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"host-network-logic":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"47af8b12f2ed21882a4623bf11ce9b677910ec740ef0d6af0d37fa918e3dfe8f"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"47af8b12f2ed21882a4623bf11ce9b677910ec740ef0d6af0d37fa918e3dfe8f"}}},"win-semiconductors":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"win-semiconductors","name":"WIN Semiconductors","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://apps.digitimes.com/news/a20260724PD235/revenue-demand-gaas-2026-shipments.html","title":"Optical PD volume production lifts WIN Semiconductors' Q2 revenue 39% YoY","publisher":"DIGITIMES","publishedDate":"2026-07-24","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"GaAs compound-semiconductor foundry; no silicon logic"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://apps.digitimes.com/news/a20260724PD235/revenue-demand-gaas-2026-shipments.html","title":"Optical PD volume production lifts WIN Semiconductors' Q2 revenue 39% YoY","publisher":"DIGITIMES","publishedDate":"2026-07-24","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"GaAs compound-semiconductor foundry; no silicon logic"}},"power-analog":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://apps.digitimes.com/news/a20260724PD235/revenue-demand-gaas-2026-shipments.html","title":"Optical PD volume production lifts WIN Semiconductors' Q2 revenue 39% YoY","publisher":"DIGITIMES","publishedDate":"2026-07-24","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"GaAs RF and optical foundry; no AI-server power wafers"}},"optical-sige":{"low":0.681,"central":2.02,"high":5.81,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://apps.digitimes.com/news/a20260724PD235/revenue-demand-gaas-2026-shipments.html","title":"Optical PD volume production lifts WIN Semiconductors' Q2 revenue 39% YoY","publisher":"DIGITIMES","publishedDate":"2026-07-24","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Q2 2026 revenue NT$5.26bn (US$178m), +39% YoY, lifted by optical photodiode volume production"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. WIN: US$15m (5–45m). Assumption: datacom photodiode, laser and driver wafers at a few percent of about US$0.55bn 2025 revenue; volume production lifted 2026. Full-mode check: WIN's second-quarter 2026 call (TechNews, 24 July 2026, https://technews.tw/?p=1592829; T3) says data-centre photodiode receivers began contributing revenue at the end of the second quarter and that VCSEL and EML chips are in mass production; no 2025 optical revenue or share is given. WIN's 2025 revenue was NT$16,639m (US$534m), so the US$15m allowance is about 3% of it; unchanged. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 2.02% (range 0.681–5.81%). Source published date: 2026-07-24 (full date)."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":533900000,"central":533900000,"high":533900000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://finance.technews.tw/2026/01/07/win-3105-202512-financial-report/","title":"穩懋(3105)今(7)日公布 12 月營收,達 16.14 億元,較 11 月成長 -0.4%,較去年同期成長 31.3%,累計前 12 月營收為 166.39 億元,年增 -4.7%","publisher":"TechNews (科技新報)","publishedDate":"2026-01-07","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Cumulative 2025 revenue NT$16,639 million (166.39 in NT$100 million units), down 4.7% year on year"},"note":"TechNews reports WIN's monthly revenue filing. NT$16,639m converted at NT$31.1663 per US$ (Federal Reserve G.5A, 2025 average, https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g5a/current/default.htm). WIN is a pure-play compound-semiconductor foundry, so total revenue is the scored entity's revenue."},"screening":{"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"f91cd82beb78cec57e2e0a846af496c1412295ea320c9552276b765975bb9cd7"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"f91cd82beb78cec57e2e0a846af496c1412295ea320c9552276b765975bb9cd7"}}},"silterra":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"silterra","name":"SilTerra","kind":"unit","parentId":"dnex","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.silterra.com/","title":"SilTerra corporate website","publisher":"SilTerra Malaysia","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Markets: consumer electronics, industrial, medical, mobility and data communications; mature CMOS foundry, no advanced logic (© 2024)"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.silterra.com/","title":"SilTerra corporate website","publisher":"SilTerra Malaysia","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Mature CMOS specialty foundry; no CPU or network-switch logic"}},"power-analog":{"low":0.051,"central":0.256,"high":1.02,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.silterra.com/technology","title":"Technology - SilTerra","publisher":"SilTerra Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"High Voltage section: C11H32, C13H32, C16H32 and C18H32 (32V) aimed at display-driver and power management ICs; BCD/Power section: 180nm BCDMOS and power MOSFETs (page shows only © 2024). It names no server, data-centre or AI use; the AI share is derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. SilTerra: US$1m (0.2–4m). Premise: SilTerra's own technology page lists four 32V high-voltage processes (C11H32, C13H32, C16H32, C18H32) aimed at display-driver and power management ICs and a 180nm BCDMOS process with power MOSFETs (https://www.silterra.com/technology, T2; the page shows no date, only © 2024). That page and the home page (https://www.silterra.com/, which lists \"next generation data communications networks\" among its markets) name no server, data-centre power or AI use, and no other source found shows SilTerra wafers in AI data-centre power, so the entry is an allowance and a 5LayerCake judgment (T5), not an observation: US$1m is about 0.7% of the US$149m semiconductor-segment revenue (0.2–4m is about 0.1–2.7%). commercialActivityVerified stays false. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 0.256% (range 0.051–1.02%). Source published date: undated (the page shows no date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":0.546,"central":2.02,"high":5.2,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.thestar.com.my/business/business-news/2026/08/25/dnex-earnings-set-for-stronger-growth","title":"DNeX earnings set for stronger growth","publisher":"The Star (Malaysia)","publishedDate":"2026-08-25","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"TA Research: emerging technology 56% of semiconductor revenue in 1H26 (41% a year earlier) on AI and data-centre demand; ET capacity to double in 2H26; BIMB: engaging customers on 1.6T transceivers; ASP US$810 per wafer"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. SilTerra: US$15m (4–40m). Assumption: about US$60m of 2025 emerging-technology revenue, of which about a quarter silicon photonics for datacom. Analyst statements (T4) in the source. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 2.02% (range 0.546–5.2%). Source published date: 2026-08-25 (full date)."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":149300000,"central":149300000,"high":149300000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.insage.com.my/interactiveAR/DNEX/interactiveAR2025/56/","title":"Dagang NeXchange Berhad Annual Report 2025 (page 56)","publisher":"Dagang NeXchange Berhad (DNeX)","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T1","locator":"Semiconductor segment revenue RM639.1 million; the segment is anchored by SilTerra Malaysia Sdn. Bhd."},"note":"The semiconductor segment of DNeX (SilTerra Malaysia is its anchor), RM639.1m converted at RM4.2809 per US$ (Federal Reserve G.5A, 2025 average, https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g5a/current/default.htm). The page shows no financial year-end and no comparative; it is read as calendar 2025 because DNeX's August 2026 results are for the first half of 2026. The page shows no publication date."},"screening":{"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"4a1ba32fcebc7e9fad62c21ac335e01c2df08d3a1b94129a98e3875011937c51"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"4a1ba32fcebc7e9fad62c21ac335e01c2df08d3a1b94129a98e3875011937c51"}}},"db-hitek":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"db-hitek","name":"DB HiTek","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.dbhitek.com/en","title":"DB HiTek corporate website: technology portfolio","publisher":"DB HiTek","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Technology portfolio: BCDMOS, analog CMOS, CIS, MS/RF, SJ MOSFET, SiC, GaN; 0.35µm–0.09µm processes; no advanced logic (© 2025)"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.dbhitek.com/en","title":"DB HiTek corporate website: technology portfolio","publisher":"DB HiTek","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Technology portfolio is analog, power and sensor processes from 0.35µm to 0.09µm; no CPU or network logic"}},"power-analog":{"low":2.57,"central":5.81,"high":12.37,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://m.ddaily.co.kr/page/view/2026020508553244946","title":"DB하이텍, 지난해 영업익 2773억원 45%↑…전력반도체 타고 고성장","publisher":"Digital Daily","publishedDate":"2026-02-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"2025 consolidated revenue KRW 1.3972 trillion, up 24%; the company cites AI-driven power semiconductor demand as the key background; power/BCD share of revenue from Sisajournal-e (64% in 1Q25, 68% in 4Q25); AI data-centre fraction assumed by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. DB HiTek: US$23m (10–52m). Arithmetic: 2025 revenue KRW 1,397.2bn (Digital Daily, 5 February 2026; company disclosure) ÷ KRW 1,421.3963 per US$ (Federal Reserve G.5A, 2025 average) = US$983m × power/BCD share 66% (64% in 1Q25 and 68% in 4Q25, Sisajournal-e, 10 May 2026, https://www.sisajournal-e.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=420976) × assumed AI data-centre fraction 3.5% (1.5–8%). The company says AI-driven power semiconductor demand was the key background to 2025 growth and that AI data-centre volumes expanded in 2026, but publishes no AI share. Full-mode update: BCD share 66% instead of 60%, revenue US$983m instead of about US$0.95bn. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 5.81% (range 2.57–12.37%). Source published date: 2026-02-05 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.dbhitek.com/en","title":"DB HiTek corporate website: technology portfolio","publisher":"DB HiTek","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Technology portfolio: BCDMOS, analog CMOS, CIS, MS/RF, SJ MOSFET, SiC, GaN; no SiGe or silicon photonics"}}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":983000000,"central":983000000,"high":983000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://m.ddaily.co.kr/page/view/2026020508553244946","title":"DB하이텍, 지난해 영업익 2773억원 45%↑…전력반도체 타고 고성장","publisher":"Digital Daily","publishedDate":"2026-02-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"2025 consolidated revenue KRW 1.3972 trillion, up 24%, operating profit KRW 277.3bn"},"note":"KRW 1,397.2bn converted at KRW 1,421.3963 per US$ (Federal Reserve G.5A, 2025 average, https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g5a/current/default.htm)."},"screening":{"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"a82db8f9440e704bceacadf2f94f4b864ab290d7ba4fb7e943b449a0134eae68"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"a82db8f9440e704bceacadf2f94f4b864ab290d7ba4fb7e943b449a0134eae68"}}},"gcs-holdings":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"gcs-holdings","name":"GCS Holdings","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://compoundsemiconductor.net/article/90553/OneChip_forges_InP_based_partnerships_with_IQE_and_GCS","title":"OneChip forges InP based partnerships with IQE and GCS","publisher":"Compound Semiconductor","publishedDate":"2013-03-14","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"GCS provides InP and compound-semiconductor wafer processing services; no silicon logic"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://compoundsemiconductor.net/article/90553/OneChip_forges_InP_based_partnerships_with_IQE_and_GCS","title":"OneChip forges InP based partnerships with IQE and GCS","publisher":"Compound Semiconductor","publishedDate":"2013-03-14","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"InP and compound-semiconductor wafer services; no silicon logic"}},"power-analog":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://compoundsemiconductor.net/article/90553/OneChip_forges_InP_based_partnerships_with_IQE_and_GCS","title":"OneChip forges InP based partnerships with IQE and GCS","publisher":"Compound Semiconductor","publishedDate":"2013-03-14","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"InP wafer services for photonic ICs; no AI-server power wafers reported"}},"optical-sige":{"low":0.271,"central":1.08,"high":2.65,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://compoundsemiconductor.net/article/90553/OneChip_forges_InP_based_partnerships_with_IQE_and_GCS","title":"OneChip forges InP based partnerships with IQE and GCS","publisher":"Compound Semiconductor","publishedDate":"2013-03-14","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"GCS provides InP wafer processing for photonic ICs for the data-centre interconnect market (2013)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. GCS: US$8m (2–20m). Assumption: InP photodiode/laser wafer services for datacom; the source is old (2013) and gcsincorp.com has an expired certificate, so no current figure was checked. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 1.08% (range 0.271–2.65%). Source published date: 2013-03-14 (full date)."}},"screening":{"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"74815d3726e637dd9993560b1a52ed44e38730f5e87520b46362dc683f7e026e"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"74815d3726e637dd9993560b1a52ed44e38730f5e87520b46362dc683f7e026e"}}},"stmicroelectronics":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"stmicroelectronics","name":"STMicroelectronics (PIC100 silicon photonics)","kind":"unit","commercialActivityVerified":true,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","title":"STMicroelectronics Enters High-Volume Production of its Industry-Leading Silicon Photonics Platform to Support AI Infrastructure Demand","publisher":"EE Journal (STMicroelectronics press release)","publishedDate":"2026-03-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Scored unit is ST's PIC100 silicon-photonics platform only; it makes no AI-accelerator wafers"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","title":"STMicroelectronics Enters High-Volume Production of its Industry-Leading Silicon Photonics Platform to Support AI Infrastructure Demand","publisher":"EE Journal (STMicroelectronics press release)","publishedDate":"2026-03-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Scored unit is the PIC100 silicon-photonics platform only"}},"power-analog":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","title":"STMicroelectronics Enters High-Volume Production of its Industry-Leading Silicon Photonics Platform to Support AI Infrastructure Demand","publisher":"EE Journal (STMicroelectronics press release)","publishedDate":"2026-03-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Scored unit is the PIC100 silicon-photonics platform only; ST's power chips are its own products (Chip design)"}},"optical-sige":{"low":0.271,"central":1.08,"high":3.92,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","title":"STMicroelectronics Enters High-Volume Production of its Industry-Leading Silicon Photonics Platform to Support AI Infrastructure Demand","publisher":"EE Journal (STMicroelectronics press release)","publishedDate":"2026-03-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"ST says PIC100 high-volume production is now entering for leading hyperscalers' 800G and 1.6T transceivers (9 March 2026); capacity to more than quadruple by 2027"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. ST PIC100: US$8m (2–30m). CY2025 was before high-volume production. Whether PIC100 is a foundry service to outside designers (the 1.6T engine is 'by Sicoya and STMicroelectronics') is unconfirmed. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 1.08% (range 0.271–3.92%). Source published date: 2026-03-10 (full date)."}},"screening":{"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"4d2742bdfe17736d8d8f334a471dbb81ad5181e3659ef3e94452ec5d4171ae54"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"4d2742bdfe17736d8d8f334a471dbb81ad5181e3659ef3e94452ec5d4171ae54"}}},"sk-keyfoundry":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"sk-keyfoundry","name":"SK keyfoundry","kind":"unit","parentId":"sk-hynix","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.skkeyfoundry.com/en/technology","title":"SK keyfoundry technology","publisher":"SK keyfoundry","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Technologies: analog & mixed-signal, power, eNVM, SiC MOSFET on 8-inch; no advanced logic"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.skkeyfoundry.com/en/technology","title":"SK keyfoundry technology","publisher":"SK keyfoundry","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"8-inch analog, power, eNVM and SiC processes; no CPU or network logic"}},"power-analog":{"low":0.782,"central":2.56,"high":6.17,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.ednasia.com/?p=35378","title":"SK keyfoundry Rolls Out 200V BCD Process for Automotive and AI Power ICs","publisher":"EDN Asia (article by SK keyfoundry)","publishedDate":"2026-02-06","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Fourth-generation 0.18µm 200V BCD process; AI servers require higher power levels; full-scale product development with customers, mass production targeted within 2026"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. SK keyfoundry (with SK hynix system ic): US$10m (3–25m). Assumption: 8-inch PMIC wafers for server power at about 2% of an estimated US$0.55bn revenue; the 200V AI process is not yet in volume. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 2.56% (range 0.782–6.17%). Source published date: 2026-02-06 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.skkeyfoundry.com/en/technology","title":"SK keyfoundry technology","publisher":"SK keyfoundry","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"No SiGe or silicon-photonics technology listed"}}},"screening":{"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"20ef34cdd16cba6d31e3bea62fc0e1219725f499b2aa7cb8fae59457258208bd"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"20ef34cdd16cba6d31e3bea62fc0e1219725f499b2aa7cb8fae59457258208bd"}}},"psmc":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"psmc","name":"PSMC","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","title":"Global top 10 foundries' revenue in 2Q26 (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"PSMC 2Q26: revenue growth mainly from memory and logic wafer deliveries (mature logic for display drivers and similar chips); no AI-accelerator wafers"}},"host-network-logic":{"low":0,"central":0.051,"high":0.338,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI demand drives 4Q25 global top 10 foundries' revenue (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"PSMC 4Q25: memory foundry demand; logic foundry business stable"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: TSMC's part follows the card's ratio of host-CPU, network and interface logic to accelerator wafers (0.30, range 0.16–0.65; NVIDIA FY2026 networking ÷ compute 0.193 from https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1045810/000104581026000019/q4fy26cfocommentary.htm, plus TSMC-made AI-server CPUs about 0.08 and other interface logic about 0.02) applied to TSMC's US$16.19bn; Intel Foundry's Xeon host-CPU wafers are added separately because the card's ratio counts TSMC-made CPUs only; other foundries are sized from TrendForce's descriptions of their server-related orders. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. PSMC: US$3m (0–20m). Allowance only: no evidence of PSMC server CPU or network-chip wafers; range includes zero. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tsmc 4,857 (2,590–10,520), intel 720 (300–1,400), smic 150 (50–400), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), samsung-foundry 50 (10–200), globalfoundries 50 (10–150), hua-hong 20 (0–80), psmc 3 (0–20), nexchip 2 (0–15); central total 5,903.6. Share 0.051% (range 0.0–0.338%). Source published date: 2026-03-12 (full date)."},"power-analog":{"low":0.259,"central":1.28,"high":3.75,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","title":"Navitas Announces Plans for 200mm GaN Production with PSMC","publisher":"Navitas Semiconductor","publishedDate":"2025-07-01","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Navitas' 100V GaN family to start production at PSMC in 1H26 for 48V infrastructure including hyperscale AI data centres; qualification expected in Q4 2025"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. PSMC: US$5m (1–15m). Assumption: power discrete/PMIC wafers for AI servers in 2025; the Navitas GaN move adds volume only from 2026. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 1.28% (range 0.259–3.75%). Source published date: 2025-07-01 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI demand drives 4Q25 global top 10 foundries' revenue (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"PSMC 4Q25: memory foundry and logic foundry business; no silicon-photonics or SiGe optical-link production reported"}}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":1400000000,"central":1405000000,"high":1410000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI Demand Drives 4Q25 Global Top 10 Foundries Revenue Up 2.6% QoQ; Samsung Gains Share and Tower Moves Up in Rankings, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"PSMC approximately US$370 million in 4Q25"},"note":"Sum of TrendForce's quarterly estimates: 1Q25 US$327m, 2Q25 US$345m, 3Q25 US$363m, 4Q25 approximately US$370m (releases of 9 June 2025, 1 September 2025, 12 December 2025 and 12 March 2026)."},"screening":{"host-network-logic":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"3bf08a14bee808b9d2216494fbc59d6dc8b712522aa381e59244c44b42c32eb8"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"3bf08a14bee808b9d2216494fbc59d6dc8b712522aa381e59244c44b42c32eb8"}}},"gta-semiconductor":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"gta-semiconductor","name":"GTA Semiconductor","kind":"unit","parentId":"huada-semiconductor","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://laoyaoba.com/n/866863","title":"Chinese analog IC foundry GTA Semiconductor finishes 12-inch pilot line for automotive chip","publisher":"JW Insights (via laoyaoba.com)","publishedDate":"2023-06-26","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"12-inch pilot line targets 90nm to 40nm vehicle MCUs, analog ICs and CIS for automotive electronics, industrial control and high-end consumer markets; no advanced-node logic or AI accelerators named"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://laoyaoba.com/n/866863","title":"Chinese analog IC foundry GTA Semiconductor finishes 12-inch pilot line for automotive chip","publisher":"JW Insights (via laoyaoba.com)","publishedDate":"2023-06-26","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Products are microcontrollers, analog circuits, power devices and sensors (90nm to 40nm on the 12-inch line); no server CPU or network logic named"}},"power-analog":{"low":0,"central":2.05,"high":7.27,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.gtasemi.com.cn/","title":"上海积塔半导体有限公司 (Shanghai GTA Semiconductor Co., Ltd.) corporate website","publisher":"Shanghai GTA Semiconductor Co., Ltd.","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Home page: microcontroller, analog-circuit, power-device and sensor platforms; silicon discrete, SiC and specialty-IC process categories; markets automotive electronics, industrial control and high-end consumer electronics; the latest news item is dated 2026-07-09 and the footer reads 2020-2022. It names no power-supply, server, data-centre or AI use; the AI share is derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. GTA: US$8m (0–30m). Premise: GTA makes analog and power-device wafers for automotive electronics, industrial control and high-end consumer electronics. Its site lists microcontroller, analog-circuit, power-device and sensor platforms and silicon discrete, SiC and specialty-IC processes (https://www.gtasemi.com.cn/, T2), and JW Insights (4 September 2023, https://www.laoyaoba.com/n/875569, T3) lists BCD, IGBT/FRD, SGT/MOSFET, TVS and SiC devices and a combined capacity of 280,000 8-inch-equivalent wafers a month. Neither names power supplies, servers, data centres or AI customers, and searches for a prospectus or customer list found none, so the link to AI data-centre power is unevidenced. The US$8m is a 5LayerCake judgment of BCD and SGT MOSFET wafers for Chinese AI-server power chips, and the range includes zero. The 2022 Yicai article used at screening describes fab capacity only and is no longer cited. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 2.05% (range 0.0–7.27%). Source published date: undated (the page shows no date)."},"optical-sige":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.laoyaoba.com/n/875569","title":"Chinese analog IC foundry GTA Semiconductor secures RMB13.5 billion($1.8 billion) in latest financing round","publisher":"JW Insights (via laoyaoba.com)","publishedDate":"2023-09-04","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Product list: BCD, IGBT/FRD, SGT/MOSFET, TVS and SiC devices, focused on analog circuits and power devices; no photonics or SiGe named"}}},"screening":{"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"c1709dbca9cd9d0ca6a2ea0421515e35263370a8c32aab116c6cff1006abd40c"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"c1709dbca9cd9d0ca6a2ea0421515e35263370a8c32aab116c6cff1006abd40c"}}},"xfab":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"xfab","name":"X-FAB","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.xfab.com/technology","title":"X-FAB technology overview","publisher":"X-FAB Silicon Foundries","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"CMOS processes from 1.0µm to 110nm with an analog/mixed-signal focus; no advanced digital logic (page undated, © 2026)"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.xfab.com/technology","title":"X-FAB technology overview","publisher":"X-FAB Silicon Foundries","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"CMOS 1.0µm–110nm analog/mixed-signal; no CPU or network-chip logic"}},"power-analog":{"low":0.258,"central":1.02,"high":3.01,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.xfab.com/technology","title":"X-FAB technology overview","publisher":"X-FAB Silicon Foundries","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"SiC on 6-inch wafers (Lubbock), GaN-on-Si on 8-inch (Dresden), 180nm BCD-on-SOI"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. X-FAB: US$4m (1–12m). Assumption: SiC and GaN power wafers for data-centre power supplies (X-FAB reported data-centre SiC design wins in 2026; the Business Wire release returned 403 and is not cited). Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 1.02% (range 0.258–3.01%). Source published date: undated (undated)."},"optical-sige":{"low":0.04,"central":0.269,"high":1.07,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.xfab.com/technology","title":"X-FAB technology overview","publisher":"X-FAB Silicon Foundries","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Optoelectronic processes such as 350nm XO035 for high-speed optoelectronics (photodiodes)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. X-FAB: US$2m (0.3–8m). Assumption: photodiode and silicon-nitride photonics wafers (Ligentec's SiN runs) for data-centre optics; small. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 0.269% (range 0.04–1.07%). Source published date: undated (undated)."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":870300000,"central":870300000,"high":870300000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.vfb.be/Media/Default/pdf/Press_Release_X-FAB_Q4_2025_Results_05Feb2026_ENG-1.pdf","title":"X-FAB Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Results","publisher":"X-FAB Silicon Foundries","publishedDate":"2026-02-05","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Highlights 2025: revenue was USD 870.3 million, up 7% year on year"},"note":"Company-wide revenue; X-FAB is a pure-play foundry, so total revenue is the scored entity's revenue. Revenue recognised over time under IFRS 15 is included (USD 867.6 million without it)."},"screening":{"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"53e43b8ede212e489d51bc3eb55750f4f2626b2574717917c75a251a4388628f"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"53e43b8ede212e489d51bc3eb55750f4f2626b2574717917c75a251a4388628f"}}},"cr-micro":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"cr-micro","name":"China Resources Microelectronics","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.crmicro.com/","title":"China Resources Microelectronics corporate website","publisher":"China Resources Microelectronics","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Open wafer foundry business described as a leader in China's analog foundry sector; no advanced logic"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.crmicro.com/","title":"China Resources Microelectronics corporate website","publisher":"China Resources Microelectronics","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Analog foundry and power devices; no CPU or network logic"}},"power-analog":{"low":0.258,"central":1.02,"high":3.01,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.crmicro.com/","title":"China Resources Microelectronics corporate website","publisher":"China Resources Microelectronics","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Open analog wafer foundry; products include Si MOSFET, IGBT, SiC and GaN with AI compute and server power listed as markets; 2025 revenue RMB 110.54亿"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. CR Micro foundry: US$4m (1–12m). Assumption: CR Micro's own AI-server power products are Chip design; only its open-foundry wafers for others' AI power chips count, a small part of its foundry revenue. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 1.02% (range 0.258–3.01%). Source published date: undated (undated)."},"optical-sige":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.crmicro.com/","title":"China Resources Microelectronics corporate website","publisher":"China Resources Microelectronics","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"No silicon photonics or SiGe listed"}}},"screening":{"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"9ac8ecce9a9d342ec80ed0c99ef64d49a0ba60a68130935738e6b16cb892ac8d"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"9ac8ecce9a9d342ec80ed0c99ef64d49a0ba60a68130935738e6b16cb892ac8d"}}},"smart-photonics":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"smart-photonics","name":"SMART Photonics","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.photonicsonline.com/doc/building-inp-based-photonic-integrated-circuits-with-smart-photonics-0001","title":"Building InP-Based Photonic Integrated Circuits With SMART Photonics","publisher":"Photonics Online","publishedDate":"2026-06-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Independent pure-play foundry specialising in InP integrated photonics; no silicon logic"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.photonicsonline.com/doc/building-inp-based-photonic-integrated-circuits-with-smart-photonics-0001","title":"Building InP-Based Photonic Integrated Circuits With SMART Photonics","publisher":"Photonics Online","publishedDate":"2026-06-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Pure-play InP photonics foundry"}},"power-analog":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.photonicsonline.com/doc/building-inp-based-photonic-integrated-circuits-with-smart-photonics-0001","title":"Building InP-Based Photonic Integrated Circuits With SMART Photonics","publisher":"Photonics Online","publishedDate":"2026-06-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Pure-play InP photonics foundry; no power wafers"}},"optical-sige":{"low":0.135,"central":0.538,"high":1.33,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.photonicsonline.com/doc/building-inp-based-photonic-integrated-circuits-with-smart-photonics-0001","title":"Building InP-Based Photonic Integrated Circuits With SMART Photonics","publisher":"Photonics Online","publishedDate":"2026-06-02","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Produces on 4-inch wafers (maximum capacity 5,000 wafers); data centres named as a key application with the rise of AI"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. SMART Photonics: US$4m (1–10m). Assumption: datacom share of a small InP foundry business. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 0.538% (range 0.135–1.33%). Source published date: 2026-06-02 (full date)."}},"screening":{"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"401075fd6ef1f402157117d89527734f8925be0af74199dcf9ab67abd585632c"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"401075fd6ef1f402157117d89527734f8925be0af74199dcf9ab67abd585632c"}}},"nexchip":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"nexchip","name":"Nexchip","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","title":"Global top 10 foundries' revenue in 2Q26 (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Nexchip 2Q26: core display driver IC (DDIC) orders; growth lagged AI-related power products; no AI-accelerator wafers"}},"host-network-logic":{"low":0,"central":0.034,"high":0.254,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","title":"Global top 10 foundries' revenue in 2Q26 (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Nexchip 2Q26 commentary: core DDIC"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: TSMC's part follows the card's ratio of host-CPU, network and interface logic to accelerator wafers (0.30, range 0.16–0.65; NVIDIA FY2026 networking ÷ compute 0.193 from https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1045810/000104581026000019/q4fy26cfocommentary.htm, plus TSMC-made AI-server CPUs about 0.08 and other interface logic about 0.02) applied to TSMC's US$16.19bn; Intel Foundry's Xeon host-CPU wafers are added separately because the card's ratio counts TSMC-made CPUs only; other foundries are sized from TrendForce's descriptions of their server-related orders. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Nexchip: US$2m (0–15m). Allowance only: 28nm logic was still in validation; range includes zero. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tsmc 4,857 (2,590–10,520), intel 720 (300–1,400), smic 150 (50–400), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), samsung-foundry 50 (10–200), globalfoundries 50 (10–150), hua-hong 20 (0–80), psmc 3 (0–20), nexchip 2 (0–15); central total 5,903.6. Share 0.034% (range 0.0–0.254%). Source published date: 2026-09-09 (full date)."},"power-analog":{"low":0.129,"central":0.512,"high":2.02,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","title":"Global top 10 foundries' revenue in 2Q26 (press release)","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-09-09","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Nexchip slipped to 9th in 2Q26: growth lagged AI-related power products"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Nexchip: US$2m (0.5–8m). Assumption: a small PMIC business, with TrendForce noting that it lagged AI-related power products. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 0.512% (range 0.129–2.02%). Source published date: 2026-09-09 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.nexchip.com.cn/en/","title":"Nexchip corporate website","publisher":"Nexchip Semiconductor","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"End markets listed: automotive, micro-display, consumer electronics, industrial control; no photonics or SiGe (page undated; latest item 10 July 2026)"}}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":1510000000,"central":1513000000,"high":1520000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","title":"AI Demand Drives 4Q25 Global Top 10 Foundries Revenue Up 2.6% QoQ; Samsung Gains Share and Tower Moves Up in Rankings, Says TrendForce","publisher":"TrendForce","publishedDate":"2026-03-12","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T4","locator":"Nexchip US$388 million in 4Q25"},"note":"Sum of TrendForce's quarterly estimates: 1Q25 US$353m, 2Q25 US$363m, 3Q25 US$409m, 4Q25 US$388m (releases of 9 June 2025, 1 September 2025, 12 December 2025 and 12 March 2026)."},"screening":{"host-network-logic":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":2},"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"924db9abcef16c03e2f36e382ad3008edf43776865535976916c984e31e8684d"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"924db9abcef16c03e2f36e382ad3008edf43776865535976916c984e31e8684d"}}},"cansemi":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"cansemi","name":"CanSemi","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://biz.heraldcorp.com/article/10901311","title":"China lets loss-making foundry list — a show of confidence in legacy chips despite US sanctions","publisher":"The Korea Herald (Herald Corporation)","publishedDate":"2026-10-13","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"12-inch foundry making analog chips, PMICs, image sensors and display drivers on 180nm to 55nm; no advanced logic"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://biz.heraldcorp.com/article/10901311","title":"China lets loss-making foundry list — a show of confidence in legacy chips despite US sanctions","publisher":"The Korea Herald (Herald Corporation)","publishedDate":"2026-10-13","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Analog, PMIC, image-sensor and display-driver processes only"}},"power-analog":{"low":0.129,"central":0.768,"high":2.52,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://biz.heraldcorp.com/article/10901311","title":"China lets loss-making foundry list — a show of confidence in legacy chips despite US sanctions","publisher":"The Korea Herald (Herald Corporation)","publishedDate":"2026-10-13","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"2025 sales about RMB 2.58bn (+53.6%); end markets automotive and industrial power semiconductors"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. CanSemi: US$3m (0.5–10m). Arithmetic: RMB 2.58bn ≈ US$0.36bn (≈7.2 RMB/US$) × PMIC/analog share × assumed AI data-centre fraction about 1%. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 0.768% (range 0.129–2.52%). Source published date: 2026-10-13 (full date)."},"optical-sige":{"low":0,"central":0.067,"high":0.402,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://biz.heraldcorp.com/article/10901311","title":"China lets loss-making foundry list — a show of confidence in legacy chips despite US sanctions","publisher":"The Korea Herald (Herald Corporation)","publishedDate":"2026-10-13","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Stepping up investment in next-generation process technologies such as silicon photonics"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. CanSemi: US$0.5m (0–3m). Allowance only: silicon photonics is still an investment area; range includes zero. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 0.067% (range 0.0–0.402%). Source published date: 2026-10-13 (full date)."}},"baselineRevenueUsd":{"low":359000000,"central":359000000,"high":359000000,"unit":"USD","basis":"Total revenue of the foundry business as scored, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://biz.heraldcorp.com/article/10901311","title":"China lets loss-making foundry list — a show of confidence in legacy chips despite US sanctions","publisher":"The Herald Business","publishedDate":"2026-10-13","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"2025 sales about 2.58 billion yuan, up 53.6%"},"note":"RMB 2.58bn converted at RMB 7.1875 per US$ (Federal Reserve G.5A, 2025 average, https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g5a/current/default.htm)."},"screening":{"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3},"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"2fcac988f8c916e9b2aa7d71030b1a48ed340c7d14911b0f3e4a6f6c7cdb252d"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"2fcac988f8c916e9b2aa7d71030b1a48ed340c7d14911b0f3e4a6f6c7cdb252d"}}},"awsc":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"awsc","name":"Advanced Wireless Semiconductor (AWSC)","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://investegate.co.uk/announcement/rns/iqe--iqe/iqe-plc-awsc-and-lansus-customer-partnership/8129556","title":"IQE plc: AWSC and Lansus customer partnership","publisher":"IQE plc (RNS via Investegate)","publishedDate":"2024-04-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Compound-semiconductor foundry: GaAs HBT, pHEMT and BiHEMT for wireless; VCSEL fabrication services; no silicon logic"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://investegate.co.uk/announcement/rns/iqe--iqe/iqe-plc-awsc-and-lansus-customer-partnership/8129556","title":"IQE plc: AWSC and Lansus customer partnership","publisher":"IQE plc (RNS via Investegate)","publishedDate":"2024-04-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"GaAs RF and VCSEL foundry; no silicon logic"}},"power-analog":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://investegate.co.uk/announcement/rns/iqe--iqe/iqe-plc-awsc-and-lansus-customer-partnership/8129556","title":"IQE plc: AWSC and Lansus customer partnership","publisher":"IQE plc (RNS via Investegate)","publishedDate":"2024-04-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"GaAs RF and VCSEL foundry; no power wafers"}},"optical-sige":{"low":0.067,"central":0.403,"high":1.33,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://investegate.co.uk/announcement/rns/iqe--iqe/iqe-plc-awsc-and-lansus-customer-partnership/8129556","title":"IQE plc: AWSC and Lansus customer partnership","publisher":"IQE plc (RNS via Investegate)","publishedDate":"2024-04-10","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"AWSC offers VCSEL fabrication services for optical communication among other applications"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. AWSC: US$3m (0.5–10m). Assumption: datacom VCSEL wafers, a small part of a mainly RF business. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 0.403% (range 0.067–1.33%). Source published date: 2024-04-10 (full date)."}},"screening":{"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"81582b2342e7117ca2ae894236fbe74ce4ed7fe5e01422fec00562e315ccfc06"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"81582b2342e7117ca2ae894236fbe74ce4ed7fe5e01422fec00562e315ccfc06"}}},"episil":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"episil","name":"Episil","kind":"public","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://ec.ltn.com.tw/article/breakingnews/5587230","title":"<台股熱點>AI資料中心搶電 磊晶與代工三雄強勢補漲","publisher":"Liberty Times (自由財經)","publishedDate":"2026-09-27","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Power and compound-semiconductor foundry building 6- and 8-inch SiC/GaN platforms; no advanced logic"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://ec.ltn.com.tw/article/breakingnews/5587230","title":"<台股熱點>AI資料中心搶電 磊晶與代工三雄強勢補漲","publisher":"Liberty Times (自由財經)","publishedDate":"2026-09-27","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Power and compound-semiconductor foundry; no CPU or network logic"}},"power-analog":{"low":0.129,"central":0.768,"high":2.02,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.stockfeel.com.tw/?p=277443","title":"漢磊 3707 2026Q3 法說會重點：GaN滿載、SiC V型反彈利用率衝80%！GEM5新技術年底風險量產？","publisher":"StockFeel (股感)","publishedDate":"2026-10-08","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Consolidated revenue table: 2025H1 NT$2.662bn (26.62億), 2025 full year NT$5.766bn (57.66億), 2026H1 NT$3.330bn; end-application table (standalone entity): AI 0% in 2025H1 and 5% in 2026H1; Q&A: AI at 5% in the first half with 10–20% possible in 2H26 and 2027, and more than 50% of GaN already used for AI infrastructure (company statements at the 7 October 2026 investor conference, as relayed, T2); the 2025 AI amount is derived by 5LayerCake (T5)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from power and analog chips used in AI data-centre systems, built bottom-up from company statements of AI-related revenue where they exist (VIS, United Nova) and otherwise from the foundry's power/analog revenue times an assumed AI data-centre fraction; the bottom-up total (US$390.5m, the table below) is above the card's US$350m central and inside its range of 130–870m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Episil: US$3m (0.5–8m). Base: Episil's consolidated revenue was NT$5.766bn in 2025 and NT$2.662bn in 1H25, so NT$3.104bn in 2H25 (StockFeel, page last updated 8 October 2026, reporting the company's 7 October 2026 investor conference, https://www.stockfeel.com.tw/?p=277443; company figures as relayed, T2). At NT$31.1663 per US$ (Federal Reserve G.5A, 2025 average, https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g5a/current/default.htm) that is US$99.6m. The same article's end-application table (standalone entity) shows AI at 0% of revenue in 1H25 and 5% in 1H26, and the company expects 10–20% in 2H26 and 2027; its chairman says more than half of GaN output already goes to AI infrastructure. Liberty Times (27 September 2026, https://ec.ltn.com.tw/article/breakingnews/5587230, T3) reports a Gen5 SiC DMOS platform aimed at 800V HVDC AI data-centre power. Assumptions (5LayerCake judgments; no 2025 AI amount is published): AI-related revenue equal to 3% of 2H25 revenue, between 0% in 1H25 and 5% in 1H26, with 1H25 taken as zero, and a range of 0.5% to 8% that lets the consolidated mix differ from the standalone table. Arithmetic: 3% × US$99.6m = US$3.0m; 0.5% = US$0.5m; 8% = US$8.0m. The company's AI-related revenue is used as a proxy for its AI data-centre power wafer revenue. The screening note's references to EPC wafers and to pages that were not opened are dropped. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): vis 78 (31.2–124.8), united-nova-technology 63.9 (36.5–82.1), umc 51.6 (21–92.3), tsmc 50 (20–110), hua-hong 27 (10–60), db-hitek 22.7 (9.7–51.9), others outside the register 15 (5–40), smic 12 (4–30), samsung-foundry 10 (3–30), sk-keyfoundry 10 (3–25), tower 10 (3–25), globalfoundries 8 (2–25), gta-semiconductor 8 (0–30), psmc 5 (1–15), xfab 4 (1–12), cr-micro 4 (1–12), cansemi 3 (0.5–10), episil 3 (0.5–8), nexchip 2 (0.5–8), sanan-ic 1.5 (0–6), silterra 1 (0.2–4), polar-semiconductor 0.5 (0–2), lfoundry 0.3 (0–1.5); central total 390.5. Share 0.768% (range 0.129–2.02%). Source published date: 2026-10-08 (full date; the page's last-updated date)."},"optical-sige":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://ec.ltn.com.tw/article/breakingnews/5587230","title":"<台股熱點>AI資料中心搶電 磊晶與代工三雄強勢補漲","publisher":"Liberty Times (自由財經)","publishedDate":"2026-09-27","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Power and compound-semiconductor (SiC/GaN) foundry; no photonics"}}},"screening":{"power-analog":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"d287f2c1d4129382d46c860f2f53342e8a16670171a7cac9fc8a6540d456ab53"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"d287f2c1d4129382d46c860f2f53342e8a16670171a7cac9fc8a6540d456ab53"}}},"ligentec":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"ligentec","name":"Ligentec","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ligentec.com/offering/","title":"LIGENTEC offering","publisher":"LIGENTEC","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Silicon-nitride photonics foundry; no logic (undated, © 2026)"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ligentec.com/offering/","title":"LIGENTEC offering","publisher":"LIGENTEC","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Silicon-nitride photonics foundry"}},"power-analog":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.ligentec.com/offering/","title":"LIGENTEC offering","publisher":"LIGENTEC","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Silicon-nitride photonics foundry; no power wafers"}},"optical-sige":{"low":0.04,"central":0.269,"high":0.802,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.ligentec.com/offering/","title":"LIGENTEC offering","publisher":"LIGENTEC","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"200mm SiN foundry with a volume-production tier (>10,000 chips); datacom among listed applications"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Ligentec: US$2m (0.3–6m). Assumption: datacom share of a small SiN business; may overlap with X-FAB, whose fab runs SiN wafers. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 0.269% (range 0.04–0.802%). Source published date: undated (undated)."}},"screening":{"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"12759c8a9565ca2a9bc6ffa950fb3c2b22c02577cd449fa29f56f6c0db71eb7d"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"12759c8a9565ca2a9bc6ffa950fb3c2b22c02577cd449fa29f56f6c0db71eb7d"}}},"cumec":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"cumec","name":"CUMEC (Chongqing United Microelectronics Center)","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://m.c114.com.cn/w16-1311365.html","title":"联合微电子中心冯俊波：从CPO演进看硅光“轮回”与演进","publisher":"C114 (C114通信网)","publishedDate":"2026-06-01","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"CUMEC's silicon-photonics centre presents silicon-photonics foundry and CPO work; no advanced logic"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://m.c114.com.cn/w16-1311365.html","title":"联合微电子中心冯俊波：从CPO演进看硅光“轮回”与演进","publisher":"C114 (C114通信网)","publishedDate":"2026-06-01","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Silicon-photonics centre; no CPU or network logic"}},"power-analog":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://m.c114.com.cn/w16-1311365.html","title":"联合微电子中心冯俊波：从CPO演进看硅光“轮回”与演进","publisher":"C114 (C114通信网)","publishedDate":"2026-06-01","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T3","locator":"Silicon-photonics centre; no power wafers reported"}},"optical-sige":{"low":0.04,"central":0.202,"high":0.802,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://m.c114.com.cn/w16-1311365.html","title":"联合微电子中心冯俊波：从CPO演进看硅光“轮回”与演进","publisher":"C114 (C114通信网)","publishedDate":"2026-06-01","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"CUMEC silicon-photonics centre director on CPO evolution and silicon-photonics foundry for AI optical interconnects (forum 28 May 2026)"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. CUMEC: US$1.5m (0.3–6m). Assumption: small commercial silicon-photonics runs for Chinese optics companies; no volume disclosed. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 0.202% (range 0.04–0.802%). Source published date: 2026-06-01 (full date)."}},"screening":{"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"59952538aee81f8f1f01e4415a344282715bd89105650821295ab81f244ce079"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"59952538aee81f8f1f01e4415a344282715bd89105650821295ab81f244ce079"}}},"silex-microsystems":{"schema":"5lc-index-inputs/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"silex-microsystems","name":"Silex Microsystems","kind":"private","commercialActivityVerified":false,"shares":{"ai-accelerators":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.silexmicrosystems.com/","title":"Silex Microsystems corporate website","publisher":"Silex Microsystems","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Pure-play MEMS foundry; no logic"}},"host-network-logic":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.silexmicrosystems.com/","title":"Silex Microsystems corporate website","publisher":"Silex Microsystems","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Pure-play MEMS foundry"}},"power-analog":{"participates":false,"evidence":{"url":"https://www.silexmicrosystems.com/","title":"Silex Microsystems corporate website","publisher":"Silex Microsystems","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T2","locator":"Pure-play MEMS foundry; no power wafers"}},"optical-sige":{"low":0,"central":0.067,"high":0.402,"unit":"percent","basis":"Share of the function's AI data-centre wafer revenue, calendar year, US dollars","period":"CY2025","periodEnd":"2025-12-31","source":{"url":"https://www.silexmicrosystems.com/","title":"Silex Microsystems corporate website","publisher":"Silex Microsystems","publishedDate":"undated","accessedDate":"2026-10-22","tier":"T5","locator":"Silex describes itself as the leading pure-play MEMS foundry"},"note":"5LayerCake estimate (T5). Method: each foundry's CY2025 wafer revenue from silicon-photonics, SiGe (TIA/driver) and InP/GaAs laser and photodiode wafers for optical links in AI data centres. Tower and GlobalFoundries follow the card's figures (Tower SiGe+SiPho US$421m, GF optical about US$330m, each times an AI data-centre fraction); InP/GaAs and smaller silicon-photonics foundries, which the card's US$70m 'others' allowance did not itemise, are added from their own descriptions, so this total (US$744m) is above the card's US$657m. Share = company ÷ part total; low and high hold the other companies at central. Silex: US$0.5m (0–3m). Allowance for optical MEMS or photonics wafers for data-centre optics; none evidenced, range includes zero. Part total, CY2025 US$m (central, range): tower 337 (274–400), globalfoundries 264 (175–405), tsmc 20 (5–60), sanan-ic 20 (5–60), others outside the register 20 (8–50), intel 15 (0–60), win-semiconductors 15 (5–45), silterra 15 (4–40), stmicroelectronics 8 (2–30), gcs-holdings 8 (2–20), united-nova-technology 5 (1–15), smart-photonics 4 (1–10), awsc 3 (0.5–10), xfab 2 (0.3–8), ligentec 2 (0.3–6), smic 2 (0–10), cumec 1.5 (0.3–6), hua-hong 1 (0–8), cansemi 0.5 (0–3), silex-microsystems 0.5 (0–3), umc 0.5 (0–3); central total 744. Share 0.067% (range 0.0–0.402%). Source published date: undated (undated)."}},"screening":{"optical-sige":{"levelLow":1,"levelHigh":3}},"checks":{"sourceSupport":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"73af6d29283823145d05d7f44b9d2ed6880445c30531158bc37c3c291e1a4efe"},"consistency":{"by":"Claude check pass, Sonnet 5.5","date":"2026-10-22","passed":true,"sha256":"73af6d29283823145d05d7f44b9d2ed6880445c30531158bc37c3c291e1a4efe"}}}},"ratings":{"tsmc":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"tsmc","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"ai-accelerators":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/business/tech-science/20240912/samsung-in-urgent-need-of-boosting-foundry-yield-for-ai-processors","date":"2024-09-12","support":"Huang: 'we can always bring up others', but switching may lower quality; Samsung had no H-series or Blackwell orders (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","date":"2026-03-12","support":"TrendForce: Samsung Foundry growth came from 2nm products and HBM4 logic dies; TSMC held 70.4% (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","date":"2026-01-23","support":"Intel says its foundry has 'few external customers to date' and may pause Intel 14A (10-K, risk factors; full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/business/2025/07/28/musks-tesla-signs-165-billion-chip-supply-deal-with-samsung/","date":"2025-07-28","support":"Tesla-Samsung AI6 deal signed July 2025; Taylor start delayed to 2026, analyst sees AI6 output 2027-28 (full date)."},{"url":"https://electrek.co/2026/07/13/samsung-taylor-fab-tesla-ai5-chip-2nm/","date":"2026-07-13","support":"Tesla taped out AI5 at Samsung and TSMC; Samsung expects volume production 'in the second half of 2027' (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1045810/000104581026000021/nvda-20260125.htm","date":"2026-02-25","support":"NVIDIA says it has had 'extended lead times of more than 12 months' (10-K, supply risks; full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26: TSMC 72.5% of foundry revenue vs Samsung 5.9%; TSMC 5/4nm and 3nm 'fully booked' (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/business/tech-science/20240912/samsung-in-urgent-need-of-boosting-foundry-yield-for-ai-processors","date":"2024-09-12","support":"Samsung 3nm yield reported single digits to early 2024, about 20% in 2Q24; volume needs 60% (full date)."}]}},"host-network-logic":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1736297/000173629726000010/alab-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-20","support":"Astera Labs says TSMC is its sole IC foundry and it has 'not qualified another source' (10-K; full date)."},{"url":"https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/business/tech-science/20240912/samsung-in-urgent-need-of-boosting-foundry-yield-for-ai-processors","date":"2024-09-12","support":"Huang: 'we can always bring up others', but switching may lower quality; Samsung had no H-series or Blackwell orders (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","date":"2026-01-23","support":"Intel says its foundry has 'few external customers to date' and may pause Intel 14A (10-K, risk factors; full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1736297/000173629726000010/alab-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-20","support":"Astera: a new supplier may need customer requalification, which 'may continue for several months or more', then months to volume (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26: TSMC 72.5% of foundry revenue vs Samsung 5.9%; TSMC 5/4nm and 3nm 'fully booked' (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1736297/000173629726000010/alab-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-20","support":"Astera says it 'may not be able to obtain alternate capacity on favorable terms, if at all' (10-K; full date)."}]}},"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related power growth at GF (power ICs), Hua Hong (AI PMICs), VIS and Nexchip (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: power-IC orders spill over to Chinese foundries, UMC and Tier 2 foundries; capacity moving to PMIC/BCD (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Navitas says moving GaN from TSMC to PSMC takes 12-24 months; first devices qualified Q4 2025 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: TSMC's planned 12-inch mature-node cut is expected gradually over one to three years (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch utilization near 90% in 2026; TSMC and Samsung cutting 8-inch capacity since 2H25 (full date)."},{"url":"https://compoundsemiconductor.net/article/123389/VIS_signs_GaN_licensing_agreement_with_TSMC","date":"2026-01-29","support":"VIS licensed TSMC's 650V and 80V GaN; production scheduled for the first half of 2028 (full date)."}]}},"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.optics.org/news/nvidia-reveals-plan-to-scale-ai-factories-with-co-packaged-optics","date":"2025-03-19","support":"NVIDIA's co-packaged-optics switch photonic engines use TSMC's COUPE process (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26: Tower grew on TIAs/drivers and photonic ICs for AI transceivers; GF on TIAs/drivers (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","date":"2026-03-10","support":"ST's PIC100 enters high-volume production; ST plans 'more than quadrupling' output by 2027 (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thestar.com.my/business/business-news/2026/08/25/dnex-earnings-set-for-stronger-growth","date":"2026-08-25","support":"SilTerra is engaging 1.6T transceiver customers; adoption could ramp in FY28-FY29 (full date)."},{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","date":"2026-07-29","support":"UMC shipped its first mass-produced 12-inch SiPho PICs; general-customer platform planned for 2027 (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.optics.org/news/nvidia-reveals-plan-to-scale-ai-factories-with-co-packaged-optics","date":"2025-03-19","support":"NVIDIA's co-packaged-optics switch photonic engines use TSMC's COUPE process (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0000928876/000117891326002609/zk2635309.htm","date":"2026-05-13","support":"Tower: US$1.3bn of 2027 SiPho contracts and US$290m customer prepayments for capacity reservation (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"tsmc","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"ai-accelerators":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://electrek.co/2026/07/13/samsung-taylor-fab-tesla-ai5-chip-2nm/","date":"2026-07-13","support":"Samsung is the one other foundry reported to be taping out a major AI chip (Tesla AI5 dual-sourced with TSMC; AI6 on 2nm); volume expected only in 2H 2027. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-7-23-intel-co-stock/","date":"2026-07-23","support":"Intel's CFO put Q2 2026 external foundry revenue at $293 million of $5.8 billion; the CEO calls 18A-P a node for external customers, not yet an AI-accelerator source. [date: call date shown on the transcript page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 ranking: TSMC 72.5% of top-10 foundry revenue, Samsung 5.9%, SMIC 5.4%. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://electrek.co/2026/07/13/samsung-taylor-fab-tesla-ai5-chip-2nm/","date":"2026-07-13","support":"Tesla taped out AI5 at both foundries by April 2026 (Musk) and Samsung expects volume in 2H 2027; AI6 slipped about six months on 2nm yield. A full move including redesign therefore runs about two years or more (inference). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1045810/000104581026000021/nvda-20260125.htm","date":"2026-02-25","support":"NVIDIA's 10-K risk factors cite 'qualifying a new foundry' as a source of added expense and production delays. [date: filing date from the EDGAR index]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce says TSMC's 5/4nm and 3nm capacity was fully booked, with advanced-process supply tight for AI and HPC; Samsung's share is 5.9%. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.crnasia.com/news/2026/components-and-peripherals/tsmc-third-quarter-revenue-tops-guidance-as-ceo-says-ai-dema","date":"2026-10-15","support":"TSMC's CEO said AI demand remained far above what TSMC could currently supply (Q3 2026 call, per CRN Asia). [date: page gives month and day only; year taken from the URL path]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=63790","date":"2026-09-09","support":"Samsung's first Taylor fab reportedly starts at 50,000 wafer starts a month, already booked for 2nm by Tesla, Broadcom and Arm (Munhwa Ilbo, via TrendForce). [date: full date on page]"}]}},"host-network-logic":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=63790","date":"2026-09-09","support":"Samsung's Taylor 2nm line is reportedly booked for Broadcom's next-generation communications chips: a second source is forming, in production from 2027. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","date":"2026-01-23","support":"Intel says it has 'few external customers to date' and nearly all Intel Foundry business supports internal manufacturing, so it is a thin outside option. [date: filing date]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce: SMIC and GlobalFoundries cite server networking products, so mature-node network chips have other sources; leading-edge ones do not. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://electrek.co/2026/07/13/samsung-taylor-fab-tesla-ai5-chip-2nm/","date":"2026-07-13","support":"Tesla's dual-source programme runs from 2026 tape-out to Samsung volume in 2H 2027, about 1.5 years for a large new chip; derivative host and network dies can be quicker (inference). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1045810/000104581026000021/nvda-20260125.htm","date":"2026-02-25","support":"NVIDIA's 10-K lists production delays from qualifying a new foundry as a supply risk. [date: filing date from the EDGAR index]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce: TSMC's 5/4nm and 3nm capacity fully booked; Samsung 5.9% of foundry revenue. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/04/16/news-tsmc-n3-tightens-on-ai-demand-arizona-2nd-fab-3nm-volume-production-in-2h27-kumamoto-in-2028/","date":"2026-04-16","support":"TSMC is raising capex to expand N3 because AI demand is tight, so even TSMC cannot spare capacity. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/03/24/news-broadcom-reportedly-flags-tsmc-capacity-as-2026-bottleneck-with-lasers-and-pcbs-also-in-the-squeeze/","date":"2026-03-24","support":"A Broadcom executive called TSMC 'effectively a bottleneck' for 2026 and said its ramp trails near-term demand (Reuters, via TrendForce). [date: full date on page]"}]}},"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","date":"2026-08-05","support":"VIS expects AI-related chips at a double-digit share of 2026 revenue and cites AI-server power management demand (company statements as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","date":"2026-07-29","support":"UMC's chairman says AI revenue (PMIC/BCD, connectivity, FPGA, photonics) approaches $300m in 2026 (company statement as reported). [date: investor-conference date shown on page]"},{"url":"https://view.asiae.co.kr/en/article/2026080509121961468","date":"2026-08-05","support":"DB HiTek says AI data-centre volume expanded in Q2 2026; it serves about 400 customers (as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/22/news-smic-hua-hong-reportedly-lift-prices-amid-ai-driven-capacity-shifts-hua-hong-expects-more-12-inch-hikes-in-2026/","date":"2026-05-22","support":"TrendForce: Hua Hong cites rapid power-management and BCD growth; HV customers increasingly turn to Chinese foundries. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"TrendForce: SMIC says its BCD products are booked through 2027, so it is an active source of power wafers. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://autonews.gasgoo.com/articles/news/2088112950761250816","date":"2026-08-14","support":"United Nova says AI business revenue grew 84.31% in H1 2026 and it has a power line-up for AI data-centre supplies. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/10/news-tsmc-reportedly-set-to-shift-80-of-8-inch-output-to-affiliate-vis-doubling-its-capacity/","date":"2026-02-10","support":"TrendForce (citing Economic Daily News) says about 80% of TSMC's 8-inch output is to move gradually to affiliate VIS: an in-house sink for the volume. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Navitas (TSMC is its sole GaN source) said that after its July 2025 announcement, initial-device qualification at PSMC was due in Q4 2025, 100V output in 1H26 and 650V over 12 to 24 months. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.ledinside.com/node/35291","date":"2025-07-04","support":"TSMC will wind down GaN foundry services by 31 July 2027; Navitas is over half its GaN volume. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/10/news-tsmc-reportedly-set-to-shift-80-of-8-inch-output-to-affiliate-vis-doubling-its-capacity/","date":"2026-02-10","support":"The 8-inch transfer to VIS is expected 'over the coming years' via order migration and tool transfers. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch mature supply is 'already constrained', utilization 88% rising to 90%, prices up 5% to 15%, but orders can shift. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-globalfoundries-inc-stock/","date":"2026-02-11","support":"GlobalFoundries says it licensed GaN technology from TSMC for its own US-made GaN platform, so know-how already exists elsewhere. [date: call date shown on the transcript page]"}]}},"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://developer.nvidia.com/blog/how-industry-collaboration-fosters-nvidia-co-packaged-optics","date":"2025-08-26","support":"NVIDIA says deep collaboration with TSMC solved manufacturing problems in its micro-ring modulator engine; Quantum-X Photonics uses TSMC's COUPE. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/07/news-globalfoundries-reportedly-sees-silicon-photonics-revenue-doubling-in-2026-passing-1b-by-2028/","date":"2026-05-07","support":"GF launched its SCALE CPO platform in May 2026, but names no customers: the nearest alternative is not yet qualified. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/928876/000117891326000303/zk2634292.htm","date":"2026-02-05","support":"Tower's NVIDIA tie-up is for 1.6T pluggable modules, not the CPO engine. [date: filing date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://developer.nvidia.com/blog/how-industry-collaboration-fosters-nvidia-co-packaged-optics","date":"2025-08-26","support":"The engine was co-developed with TSMC, so a second source needs the modulator and 3D stack re-engineered. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://ledinside.com/node/36224","date":"2026-07-14","support":"A new silicon photonics platform took UMC 18 months from development to production readiness. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=65495","date":"2026-10-20","support":"TrendForce: TSMC plans a COUPE-on-substrate product in 2026; Intel claims 300mm InP photonics but names no customers. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/07/news-globalfoundries-reportedly-sees-silicon-photonics-revenue-doubling-in-2026-passing-1b-by-2028/","date":"2026-05-07","support":"GF's CPO platform is new and without named customers. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"smic":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"smic","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"ai-accelerators":{"alternatives":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.bis.gov/press-release/commerce-strengthens-restrictions-advanced-computing-semiconductors-enhance-foundry-due-diligence-prevent","date":"2025-01-15","support":"BIS foundry due-diligence rules require foundries to keep advanced chips from PRC restricted entities (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/25/news-china-reportedly-aims-to-boost-7nm-5nm-output-fivefold","date":"2026-02-25","support":"TrendForce: Huawei-linked PengXinWei runs pilot lines; Hua Hong only now moving into advanced production (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/25/news-china-reportedly-aims-to-boost-7nm-5nm-output-fivefold","date":"2026-02-25","support":"China's advanced-node capacity is 'fewer than 20,000' wafers; 100,000 targeted within one to two years, uncertain (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.bloomberglinea.com/negocios/huawei-duplicara-su-produccion-de-chips-de-ia-en-2026-para-desafiar-a-nvidia/","date":"2025-09-29","support":"Huawei relies on SMIC's 7nm; yields disappointing; a further-improved 7nm chip could slip to 2027 or later (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.bloomberglinea.com/negocios/huawei-duplicara-su-produccion-de-chips-de-ia-en-2026-para-desafiar-a-nvidia/","date":"2025-09-29","support":"Huawei relies on SMIC's 7nm; yields disappointing; a further-improved 7nm chip could slip to 2027 or later (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/25/news-china-reportedly-aims-to-boost-7nm-5nm-output-fivefold","date":"2026-02-25","support":"China's advanced-node capacity is 'fewer than 20,000' wafers; 100,000 targeted within one to two years, uncertain (full date)."}]}},"host-network-logic":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26: SMIC's drivers included AI peripheral ICs and server networking products (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/25/news-china-reportedly-aims-to-boost-7nm-5nm-output-fivefold","date":"2026-02-25","support":"TrendForce: Huawei-linked PengXinWei runs pilot lines; Hua Hong only now moving into advanced production (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.bis.gov/press-release/commerce-strengthens-restrictions-advanced-computing-semiconductors-enhance-foundry-due-diligence-prevent","date":"2025-01-15","support":"BIS foundry due-diligence rules require foundries to keep advanced chips from PRC restricted entities (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/25/news-china-reportedly-aims-to-boost-7nm-5nm-output-fivefold","date":"2026-02-25","support":"China's advanced-node capacity is 'fewer than 20,000' wafers; 100,000 targeted within one to two years, uncertain (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/25/news-china-reportedly-aims-to-boost-7nm-5nm-output-fivefold","date":"2026-02-25","support":"China's advanced-node capacity is 'fewer than 20,000' wafers; 100,000 targeted within one to two years, uncertain (full date)."}]}},"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related power growth at GF (power ICs), Hua Hong (AI PMICs), VIS and Nexchip (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: power-IC orders spill over to Chinese foundries, UMC and Tier 2 foundries; capacity moving to PMIC/BCD (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: customers 'need time ... to qualify new foundry partners' for mature-node power products (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","date":"2026-03-12","support":"TrendForce: cross-fab qualification issues with a major PMIC customer hurt Vanguard's 4Q25 shipments (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch utilization near 90% in 2026; TSMC and Samsung cutting 8-inch capacity since 2H25 (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"smic","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"ai-accelerators":{"alternatives":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/world/2024/10/501_385033.html","date":"2024-10-27","support":"TSMC said it had not supplied Huawei since mid-September 2020, so TSMC is not a source for Huawei's Ascend dies (Reuters). [date: full date on page (Reuters report)]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/25/news-china-reportedly-aims-to-boost-7nm-5nm-output-fivefold","date":"2026-02-25","support":"China's 7nm/5nm-class output is reportedly under 20,000 wafers; Huawei-linked fabs are at pilot-line stage and scaling is called uncertain. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.bloomberglinea.com/mundo/estados-unidos/huawei-no-producira-mas-de-200000-chips-de-ia-en-2025-segun-eeuu-que-significa/","date":"2025-06-12","support":"US Commerce Secretary Lutnick said Huawei's Ascend output was 'probably closer to 200,000' in 2025 and China's advanced-chip capacity is very limited. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/25/news-china-reportedly-aims-to-boost-7nm-5nm-output-fivefold","date":"2026-02-25","support":"Beijing reportedly targets 100,000 wafers of 7nm/5nm-class output in one to two years, from under 20,000 now; export controls on equipment make it uncertain. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/world/2024/10/501_385033.html","date":"2024-10-27","support":"Huawei says it has made no chips through TSMC since the 2020 US rules, so switching means building domestic capacity, not moving orders abroad. [date: full date on page (Reuters report)]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":5,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/25/news-china-reportedly-aims-to-boost-7nm-5nm-output-fivefold","date":"2026-02-25","support":"Output of relatively advanced (7nm-class) chips in China is reportedly under 20,000 wafers against a 100,000 target; other fabs are pilot lines (PengXinWei) or new entrants (Hua Hong). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.bloomberglinea.com/mundo/estados-unidos/huawei-no-producira-mas-de-200000-chips-de-ia-en-2025-segun-eeuu-que-significa/","date":"2025-06-12","support":"Lutnick said China's capacity for advanced semiconductors is very limited and far below the country's needs. [date: full date on page]"}]}},"host-network-logic":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce: SMIC cited AI peripheral ICs and server networking products as 2Q26 growth drivers. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/25/news-china-reportedly-aims-to-boost-7nm-5nm-output-fivefold","date":"2026-02-25","support":"Hua Hong is reportedly moving into advanced production under government pressure and Huawei-linked fabs run pilot lines, so a few domestic alternatives are forming. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"Hua Hong's Q2 2026 utilization was 102.8% and SMIC's 93.7%, so neither can take the other's volume now. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"SMIC added only 8,000 12-inch wafers a month in Q2 2026 and Hua Hong's new 12-inch line (55K a month) is due by January 2027. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/25/news-china-reportedly-aims-to-boost-7nm-5nm-output-fivefold","date":"2026-02-25","support":"Equipment controls make scaling of advanced Chinese capacity uncertain, per the report. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/25/news-china-reportedly-aims-to-boost-7nm-5nm-output-fivefold","date":"2026-02-25","support":"China's 7nm/5nm-class output is reportedly under 20,000 wafers; a fivefold increase is only a target. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"Both leading Chinese foundries were at or above full utilization in Q2 2026. [date: full date on page]"}]}},"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","date":"2026-08-05","support":"VIS expects AI-related chips at a double-digit share of 2026 revenue and cites AI-server power management demand (company statements as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","date":"2026-07-29","support":"UMC's chairman says AI revenue (PMIC/BCD, connectivity, FPGA, photonics) approaches $300m in 2026 (company statement as reported). [date: investor-conference date shown on page]"},{"url":"https://view.asiae.co.kr/en/article/2026080509121961468","date":"2026-08-05","support":"DB HiTek says AI data-centre volume expanded in Q2 2026; it serves about 400 customers (as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/22/news-smic-hua-hong-reportedly-lift-prices-amid-ai-driven-capacity-shifts-hua-hong-expects-more-12-inch-hikes-in-2026/","date":"2026-05-22","support":"TrendForce: Hua Hong cites rapid power-management and BCD growth; HV customers increasingly turn to Chinese foundries. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://autonews.gasgoo.com/articles/news/2088112950761250816","date":"2026-08-14","support":"United Nova says AI business revenue grew 84.31% in H1 2026 and it has a power line-up for AI data-centre supplies. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"Hua Hong ran at 102.8% utilization in Q2 2026, so Chinese alternatives are tight but numerous. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Benchmark: initial-device qualification at a new foundry in about 3 to 6 months. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.thestandard.com.hk/finance/article/339857/SMIC-profit-more-than-triples-on-AI-driven-chip-demand","date":"2026-08-13","support":"SMIC says it will adjust capacity and speed new lines to ease supply constraints (Reuters). [date: full date on page (Reuters report)]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"SMIC ran at 93.7% utilization in Q2 2026 with BCD booked through 2027, so rivals have little slack to take its power wafers. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch mature supply is already constrained. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"intel":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"intel","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"host-network-logic":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2024/02/23/news-gelsinger-opens-up-as-intel-reportedly-expands-orders-to-tsmc/","date":"2024-02-23","support":"Gelsinger: two generations of Intel CPU tiles are made on TSMC's N3B process (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","date":"2026-01-23","support":"Intel says without 14A it would 'over time' shift manufacturing to third-party foundries, particularly TSMC (10-K; full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","date":"2026-01-23","support":"Intel says without 14A it would 'over time' shift manufacturing to third-party foundries, particularly TSMC (10-K; full date)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1736297/000173629726000010/alab-20251231.htm","date":"2026-02-20","support":"Astera: a new supplier may need customer requalification, which 'may continue for several months or more', then months to volume (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26: TSMC 72.5% of foundry revenue vs Samsung 5.9%; TSMC 5/4nm and 3nm 'fully booked' (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/newsroom/news/artificial-intelligence/new-intel-xeon-6-cpus-maximize-gpu-ai-performance.html","date":"2025-05-22","support":"Intel says a Xeon 6 CPU is 'currently serving as the host CPU for the NVIDIA DGX B300' (full date)."}]}},"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://picmagazine.net/article/117944/Jabil_takes_over_Intel_silicon_photonics_line","date":"2023-11-03","support":"Jabil took over Intel's SiPho transceiver business; Intel keeps SiPho components; current wafer supply unconfirmed (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26: Tower grew on TIAs/drivers and photonic ICs for AI transceivers; GF on TIAs/drivers (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.optics.org/news/nvidia-reveals-plan-to-scale-ai-factories-with-co-packaged-optics","date":"2025-03-19","support":"NVIDIA's co-packaged-optics switch photonic engines use TSMC's COUPE process (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thestar.com.my/business/business-news/2026/08/25/dnex-earnings-set-for-stronger-growth","date":"2026-08-25","support":"SilTerra is engaging 1.6T transceiver customers; adoption could ramp in FY28-FY29 (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://telecomlead.com/semiconductor/globalfoundries-rides-ai-and-data-center-boom-as-silicon-photonics-revenue-doubles-124525","date":"2026-02-11","support":"GF silicon-photonics revenue doubled to over US$200m in 2025, expected to nearly double in 2026 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","date":"2026-03-10","support":"ST's PIC100 enters high-volume production; ST plans 'more than quadrupling' output by 2027 (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"intel","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"host-network-logic":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","date":"2026-01-23","support":"Intel says it would shift 'over time' to third-party foundries, particularly TSMC, if 14A is not pursued: TSMC is the named fallback. [date: filing date]"},{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-7-23-intel-co-stock/","date":"2026-07-23","support":"Intel's CFO said all of its server wafers are procured internally for the most part; Granite Rapids is built on Intel 3 and supply is very tight. [date: call date shown on the transcript page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=63790","date":"2026-09-09","support":"Samsung's Taylor 2nm line is reportedly booked (Tesla, Broadcom, Arm), so a second outside option has little free capacity. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-7-23-intel-co-stock/","date":"2026-07-23","support":"Intel's server CPUs are tied to its own nodes: Intel 3 for Granite Rapids and 18A for Clearwater Forest (CFO); moving one to another foundry means a redesign. [date: call date shown on the transcript page]"},{"url":"https://electrek.co/2026/07/13/samsung-taylor-fab-tesla-ai5-chip-2nm/","date":"2026-07-13","support":"Samsung's Tesla programme runs from 2026 tape-out to volume in 2H 2027, plus earlier design work: two years or more for a new foundry (inference). [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/04/16/news-tsmc-n3-tightens-on-ai-demand-arizona-2nd-fab-3nm-volume-production-in-2h27-kumamoto-in-2028/","date":"2026-04-16","support":"TSMC's N3 is tight and capex is being raised, so the best alternative (TSMC) has limited free capacity for Intel's volume. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.crnasia.com/news/2026/components-and-peripherals/tsmc-third-quarter-revenue-tops-guidance-as-ceo-says-ai-dema","date":"2026-10-15","support":"TSMC's CEO said AI demand was far above supply capability (Q3 2026 call, per CRN Asia). [date: page gives month and day only; year taken from the URL path]"}]}},"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/07/news-globalfoundries-reportedly-sees-silicon-photonics-revenue-doubling-in-2026-passing-1b-by-2028/","date":"2026-05-07","support":"GF's CEO says it is designed in at three of the top four pluggable transceiver makers (via Investing.com); it launched a CPO platform in May 2026. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","date":"2026-03-10","support":"ST says its PIC100 silicon photonics platform is in high-volume production for hyperscaler 800G and 1.6T optics (company statement). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://ledinside.com/node/36224","date":"2026-07-14","support":"UMC and SILITH report first mass-production photonics wafers from Singapore, qualified by a leading cloud customer (company release). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=65495","date":"2026-10-20","support":"Intel claims to be the only high-volume 300mm InP silicon photonics foundry; the article verifies nothing and names no customers. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ledinside.com/node/36224","date":"2026-07-14","support":"UMC took 18 months from development to production readiness on silicon photonics. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","date":"2026-01-23","support":"Intel says nearly all Intel Foundry business is internal and external customers are few, so little external volume is locked in. [date: filing date]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/?p=65495","date":"2026-10-20","support":"No volume, shipments or timeline are given for Intel's InP lasers; the 'high-volume' claim is Intel's own. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086326000011/intc-20251227.htm","date":"2026-01-23","support":"Intel reports 'few external customers to date'. [date: filing date]"}]}}}}},"tower":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"tower","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related power growth at GF (power ICs), Hua Hong (AI PMICs), VIS and Nexchip (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: power-IC orders spill over to Chinese foundries, UMC and Tier 2 foundries; capacity moving to PMIC/BCD (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: customers 'need time ... to qualify new foundry partners' for mature-node power products (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","date":"2026-03-12","support":"TrendForce: cross-fab qualification issues with a major PMIC customer hurt Vanguard's 4Q25 shipments (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch utilization near 90% in 2026; TSMC and Samsung cutting 8-inch capacity since 2H25 (full date)."}]}},"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26: Tower grew on TIAs/drivers and photonic ICs for AI transceivers; GF on TIAs/drivers (full date)."},{"url":"https://telecomlead.com/semiconductor/globalfoundries-rides-ai-and-data-center-boom-as-silicon-photonics-revenue-doubles-124525","date":"2026-02-11","support":"GF silicon-photonics revenue doubled to over US$200m in 2025, expected to nearly double in 2026 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.optics.org/news/nvidia-reveals-plan-to-scale-ai-factories-with-co-packaged-optics","date":"2025-03-19","support":"NVIDIA's co-packaged-optics switch photonic engines use TSMC's COUPE process (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","date":"2026-03-10","support":"ST's PIC100 enters high-volume production; ST plans 'more than quadrupling' output by 2027 (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thestar.com.my/business/business-news/2026/08/25/dnex-earnings-set-for-stronger-growth","date":"2026-08-25","support":"SilTerra is engaging 1.6T transceiver customers; adoption could ramp in FY28-FY29 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0000928876/000117891326002609/zk2635309.htm","date":"2026-05-13","support":"Tower: US$1.3bn of 2027 SiPho contracts and US$290m customer prepayments for capacity reservation (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0000928876/000117891326002609/zk2635309.htm","date":"2026-05-13","support":"Tower: US$1.3bn of 2027 SiPho contracts and US$290m customer prepayments for capacity reservation (full date)."},{"url":"https://telecomlead.com/semiconductor/globalfoundries-rides-ai-and-data-center-boom-as-silicon-photonics-revenue-doubles-124525","date":"2026-02-11","support":"GF silicon-photonics revenue doubled to over US$200m in 2025, expected to nearly double in 2026 (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"tower","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","date":"2026-08-05","support":"VIS expects AI-related chips at a double-digit share of 2026 revenue and cites AI-server power management demand (company statements as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","date":"2026-07-29","support":"UMC's chairman says AI revenue (PMIC/BCD, connectivity, FPGA, photonics) approaches $300m in 2026 (company statement as reported). [date: investor-conference date shown on page]"},{"url":"https://view.asiae.co.kr/en/article/2026080509121961468","date":"2026-08-05","support":"DB HiTek says AI data-centre volume expanded in Q2 2026; it serves about 400 customers (as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/22/news-smic-hua-hong-reportedly-lift-prices-amid-ai-driven-capacity-shifts-hua-hong-expects-more-12-inch-hikes-in-2026/","date":"2026-05-22","support":"TrendForce: Hua Hong cites rapid power-management and BCD growth; HV customers increasingly turn to Chinese foundries. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"TrendForce: SMIC says its BCD products are booked through 2027, so it is an active source of power wafers. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://autonews.gasgoo.com/articles/news/2088112950761250816","date":"2026-08-14","support":"United Nova says AI business revenue grew 84.31% in H1 2026 and it has a power line-up for AI data-centre supplies. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Benchmark: initial-device qualification at a new foundry in about 3 to 6 months. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"TrendForce: foundries are repricing 8-inch capacity upward 5% to 15%, which signals available alternatives at a price. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"No Tower-specific 2026 AI power source was found; judged from the market: supply is tight but power wafers are widely sourced. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","date":"2026-07-29","support":"UMC reports AI-related PMIC as one of its strongest near-term growth products, a comparable source. [date: investor-conference date shown on page]"}]}},"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/07/news-globalfoundries-reportedly-sees-silicon-photonics-revenue-doubling-in-2026-passing-1b-by-2028/","date":"2026-05-07","support":"GF's CEO says it is designed in at three of the top four pluggable transceiver makers (via Investing.com); it launched a CPO platform in May 2026. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","date":"2026-03-10","support":"ST says its PIC100 silicon photonics platform is in high-volume production for hyperscaler 800G and 1.6T optics (company statement). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://ledinside.com/node/36224","date":"2026-07-14","support":"UMC and SILITH report first mass-production photonics wafers from Singapore, qualified by a leading cloud customer (company release). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://anysilicon.com/news/globalfoundries-and-marvell-expand-collaboration-for-next-generation-optical-connectivity/","date":"2026-09-22","support":"GF is expanding Burlington SiGe capacity for Marvell's 200G-per-lane optics; no other SiGe source at scale was identified in the sources found. [date: full date on page; the release itself is dated 17 September 2026]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ledinside.com/node/36224","date":"2026-07-14","support":"UMC took 18 months from development to production readiness for a new silicon photonics platform at its Singapore fab. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://convergedigest.com/tower-semiconductor-secures-1-3-billion-in-silicon-photonics-contracts/","date":"2026-05-13","support":"Tower reports $1.3bn of contracted 2027 silicon photonics revenue and $290m of customer prepayments reserving capacity (company statement). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://semiconductor-today.com/news_items/2026/oct/tower-semtech-141026.shtml","date":"2026-10-14","support":"Semtech agreed to invest in dedicated SiGe capacity at Tower across its US, Israel and Japan fabs (14 October 2026). [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-globalfoundries-inc-stock/","date":"2026-02-11","support":"GF calls silicon photonics, FDX and SiGe 'oversubscribed corridors' running hot (CEO), so the nearest alternative has no spare capacity. [date: call date shown on the transcript page]"},{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","date":"2026-03-10","support":"ST plans to quadruple PIC100 capacity by 2027, backed by customers' capacity reservations. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/928876/000117891326000303/zk2634292.htm","date":"2026-02-05","support":"Tower says its silicon photonics platform doubles data rate versus prior solutions in NVIDIA-aligned 1.6T modules (company statement). [date: filing date on page]"}]}}}}},"globalfoundries":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"globalfoundries","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related power growth at GF (power ICs), Hua Hong (AI PMICs), VIS and Nexchip (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: power-IC orders spill over to Chinese foundries, UMC and Tier 2 foundries; capacity moving to PMIC/BCD (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: customers 'need time ... to qualify new foundry partners' for mature-node power products (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","date":"2026-03-12","support":"TrendForce: cross-fab qualification issues with a major PMIC customer hurt Vanguard's 4Q25 shipments (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch utilization near 90% in 2026; TSMC and Samsung cutting 8-inch capacity since 2H25 (full date)."}]}},"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26: Tower grew on TIAs/drivers and photonic ICs for AI transceivers; GF on TIAs/drivers (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.optics.org/news/nvidia-reveals-plan-to-scale-ai-factories-with-co-packaged-optics","date":"2025-03-19","support":"NVIDIA's co-packaged-optics switch photonic engines use TSMC's COUPE process (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","date":"2026-03-10","support":"ST's PIC100 enters high-volume production; ST plans 'more than quadrupling' output by 2027 (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thestar.com.my/business/business-news/2026/08/25/dnex-earnings-set-for-stronger-growth","date":"2026-08-25","support":"SilTerra is engaging 1.6T transceiver customers; adoption could ramp in FY28-FY29 (full date)."},{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","date":"2026-07-29","support":"UMC shipped its first mass-produced 12-inch SiPho PICs; general-customer platform planned for 2027 (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0000928876/000117891326002609/zk2635309.htm","date":"2026-05-13","support":"Tower: US$1.3bn of 2027 SiPho contracts and US$290m customer prepayments for capacity reservation (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","date":"2026-03-10","support":"ST says its PIC100 expansion is 'fully underpinned by customers' long-term capacity reservation commitments' (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"globalfoundries","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-globalfoundries-inc-stock/","date":"2026-02-11","support":"GF reported two first-of-their-kind GaN and VCD design wins with volume in 2026; Navitas and onsemi are GaN partners; it calls the data-centre power opportunity very early. [date: call date shown on the transcript page]"},{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Navitas is qualifying PSMC for 100V-650V GaN and says it is identifying additional suppliers: several GaN sources exist. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/10/news-tsmc-reportedly-set-to-shift-80-of-8-inch-output-to-affiliate-vis-doubling-its-capacity/","date":"2026-02-10","support":"VIS runs GaN-on-Si and GaN-on-QST platforms through licensing, a further GaN foundry. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Initial-device qualification about 3 to 6 months; 100V output in about a year at the new foundry. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-globalfoundries-inc-stock/","date":"2026-02-11","support":"GF's AI power volume starts in 2026 and is small, so there is little to move. [date: call date shown on the transcript page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-globalfoundries-inc-stock/","date":"2026-02-11","support":"GF licensed its GaN technology from TSMC, so its process is not ahead of other GaN sources. [date: call date shown on the transcript page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch supply constrained but GF's volume is minor. [date: full date on page]"}]}},"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/928876/000117891326000303/zk2634292.htm","date":"2026-02-05","support":"Tower works with NVIDIA on 1.6T optical modules using its silicon photonics platform: the main like-for-like alternative. [date: filing date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","date":"2026-03-10","support":"ST says its PIC100 silicon photonics platform is in high-volume production for hyperscaler 800G and 1.6T optics (company statement). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://ledinside.com/node/36224","date":"2026-07-14","support":"UMC and SILITH report first mass-production photonics wafers from Singapore, qualified by a leading cloud customer (company release). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://semiconductor-today.com/news_items/2026/oct/tower-semtech-141026.shtml","date":"2026-10-14","support":"Tower is also taking dedicated SiGe capacity commitments (Semtech), so the SiGe alternative is itself booking out. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":4,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-globalfoundries-inc-stock/","date":"2026-02-11","support":"GF reports silicon photonics doubling to over $200m in 2025, SiGe 'very well utilized', and plans a 2027-scale CPO ramp (company statement). [date: call date shown on the transcript page]"},{"url":"https://anysilicon.com/news/globalfoundries-and-marvell-expand-collaboration-for-next-generation-optical-connectivity/","date":"2026-09-22","support":"GF and Marvell expanded a multi-year deal to add SiGe capacity at Burlington (17 September 2026). [date: full date on page; the release itself is dated 17 September 2026]"},{"url":"https://ledinside.com/node/36224","date":"2026-07-14","support":"UMC needed 18 months from development to production readiness on its photonics platform. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://convergedigest.com/tower-semiconductor-secures-1-3-billion-in-silicon-photonics-contracts/","date":"2026-05-13","support":"Tower, the closest alternative, has $1.3bn of 2027 silicon photonics revenue already contracted, so it cannot absorb GF's volume. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-globalfoundries-inc-stock/","date":"2026-02-11","support":"GF itself describes SiGe and silicon photonics capacity as oversubscribed. [date: call date shown on the transcript page]"},{"url":"https://semiconductor-today.com/news_items/2026/oct/tower-semtech-141026.shtml","date":"2026-10-14","support":"Tower's SiGe capacity is being reserved under dedicated agreements. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"samsung-foundry":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"samsung-foundry","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related power growth at GF (power ICs), Hua Hong (AI PMICs), VIS and Nexchip (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: power-IC orders spill over to Chinese foundries, UMC and Tier 2 foundries; capacity moving to PMIC/BCD (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: customers 'need time ... to qualify new foundry partners' for mature-node power products (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","date":"2026-03-12","support":"TrendForce: cross-fab qualification issues with a major PMIC customer hurt Vanguard's 4Q25 shipments (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch utilization near 90% in 2026; TSMC and Samsung cutting 8-inch capacity since 2H25 (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"samsung-foundry","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","date":"2026-08-05","support":"VIS expects AI-related chips at a double-digit share of 2026 revenue and cites AI-server power management demand (company statements as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","date":"2026-07-29","support":"UMC's chairman says AI revenue (PMIC/BCD, connectivity, FPGA, photonics) approaches $300m in 2026 (company statement as reported). [date: investor-conference date shown on page]"},{"url":"https://view.asiae.co.kr/en/article/2026080509121961468","date":"2026-08-05","support":"DB HiTek says AI data-centre volume expanded in Q2 2026; it serves about 400 customers (as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/22/news-smic-hua-hong-reportedly-lift-prices-amid-ai-driven-capacity-shifts-hua-hong-expects-more-12-inch-hikes-in-2026/","date":"2026-05-22","support":"TrendForce: Hua Hong cites rapid power-management and BCD growth; HV customers increasingly turn to Chinese foundries. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"TrendForce: SMIC says its BCD products are booked through 2027, so it is an active source of power wafers. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://autonews.gasgoo.com/articles/news/2088112950761250816","date":"2026-08-14","support":"United Nova says AI business revenue grew 84.31% in H1 2026 and it has a power line-up for AI data-centre supplies. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/10/news-tsmc-reportedly-set-to-shift-80-of-8-inch-output-to-affiliate-vis-doubling-its-capacity/","date":"2026-02-10","support":"Samsung is reported to close its S7 8-inch fab in Giheung in 2H 2026, so its customers are already moving to other foundries. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"TrendForce: TSMC and Samsung are reducing or repurposing 8-inch capacity; customers have been migrating orders. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Benchmark: initial-device qualification at a new foundry in about 3 to 6 months. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"Samsung's 8-inch cut shows its power wafers are not a scarce, unique capability; the market treats them as shiftable. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/10/news-tsmc-reportedly-set-to-shift-80-of-8-inch-output-to-affiliate-vis-doubling-its-capacity/","date":"2026-02-10","support":"Samsung keeps the S6 and S8 8-inch fabs running, so the exit is partial and orderly. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"umc":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"umc","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related power growth at GF (power ICs), Hua Hong (AI PMICs), VIS and Nexchip (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: power-IC orders spill over to Chinese foundries, UMC and Tier 2 foundries; capacity moving to PMIC/BCD (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: customers 'need time ... to qualify new foundry partners' for mature-node power products (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","date":"2026-03-12","support":"TrendForce: cross-fab qualification issues with a major PMIC customer hurt Vanguard's 4Q25 shipments (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch utilization near 90% in 2026; TSMC and Samsung cutting 8-inch capacity since 2H25 (full date)."},{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","date":"2026-07-29","support":"UMC's CEO: AI revenue near US$300m in 2026, incl. BCD power management; utilization above 90% (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"umc","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","date":"2026-08-05","support":"VIS expects AI-related chips at a double-digit share of 2026 revenue and cites AI-server power management demand (company statements as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://view.asiae.co.kr/en/article/2026080509121961468","date":"2026-08-05","support":"DB HiTek says AI data-centre volume expanded in Q2 2026; it serves about 400 customers (as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/22/news-smic-hua-hong-reportedly-lift-prices-amid-ai-driven-capacity-shifts-hua-hong-expects-more-12-inch-hikes-in-2026/","date":"2026-05-22","support":"TrendForce: Hua Hong cites rapid power-management and BCD growth; HV customers increasingly turn to Chinese foundries. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"TrendForce: SMIC says its BCD products are booked through 2027, so it is an active source of power wafers. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://autonews.gasgoo.com/articles/news/2088112950761250816","date":"2026-08-14","support":"United Nova says AI business revenue grew 84.31% in H1 2026 and it has a power line-up for AI data-centre supplies. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","date":"2026-07-29","support":"UMC says 8-inch utilization improves sharply in Q3 2026 on power management, analog and MCU demand; overall utilization above 90%. [date: investor-conference date shown on page]"},{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Benchmark: GaN device moves took 12 to 24 months for 650V and about a year for 100V. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/10/news-tsmc-reportedly-set-to-shift-80-of-8-inch-output-to-affiliate-vis-doubling-its-capacity/","date":"2026-02-10","support":"TSMC's 8-inch volume is itself being routed to VIS, so receiving capacity is already spoken for. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","date":"2026-07-29","support":"UMC's new Singapore capacity comes online only from late 2027 to early 2028; capex near $5bn over 2026-27. [date: investor-conference date shown on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch supply constrained in 2026, prices up 5% to 15%. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"vis":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"vis","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related power growth at GF (power ICs), Hua Hong (AI PMICs), VIS and Nexchip (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: power-IC orders spill over to Chinese foundries, UMC and Tier 2 foundries; capacity moving to PMIC/BCD (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","date":"2026-03-12","support":"TrendForce: cross-fab qualification issues with a major PMIC customer hurt Vanguard's 4Q25 shipments (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: customers 'need time ... to qualify new foundry partners' for mature-node power products (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","date":"2026-08-05","support":"VIS chairman says the company faces 'a degree of undercapacity'; utilization above 90% (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch utilization near 90% in 2026; TSMC and Samsung cutting 8-inch capacity since 2H25 (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"vis","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","date":"2026-07-29","support":"UMC's chairman says AI revenue (PMIC/BCD, connectivity, FPGA, photonics) approaches $300m in 2026 (company statement as reported). [date: investor-conference date shown on page]"},{"url":"https://view.asiae.co.kr/en/article/2026080509121961468","date":"2026-08-05","support":"DB HiTek says AI data-centre volume expanded in Q2 2026; it serves about 400 customers (as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/22/news-smic-hua-hong-reportedly-lift-prices-amid-ai-driven-capacity-shifts-hua-hong-expects-more-12-inch-hikes-in-2026/","date":"2026-05-22","support":"TrendForce: Hua Hong cites rapid power-management and BCD growth; HV customers increasingly turn to Chinese foundries. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"TrendForce: SMIC says its BCD products are booked through 2027, so it is an active source of power wafers. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://autonews.gasgoo.com/articles/news/2088112950761250816","date":"2026-08-14","support":"United Nova says AI business revenue grew 84.31% in H1 2026 and it has a power line-up for AI data-centre supplies. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.ednasia.com/?p=35378","date":"2026-02-06","support":"SK keyfoundry's 200V BCD process for AI data-centre power targets mass production in 2026 (pipeline, not yet qualified volume). [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","date":"2026-08-05","support":"VIS says it faces 'a degree of undercapacity', with utilization above 90%, so spare room to take its volume is scarce. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/10/news-tsmc-reportedly-set-to-shift-80-of-8-inch-output-to-affiliate-vis-doubling-its-capacity/","date":"2026-02-10","support":"VIS is also the reported destination for about 80% of TSMC's 8-inch output, doubling its 8-inch capacity over the coming years. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Benchmark: Navitas planned initial-device qualification about 3 to 6 months after its July 2025 announcement and 650V moves over 12 to 24 months. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","date":"2026-08-05","support":"VIS wafer shipments are expected to grow only 1% to 3% a quarter, limited by capacity; its new 12-inch Singapore fab starts in Q1 2027. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"TrendForce: PMICs and power discretes remain highly dependent on 8-inch platforms; supply constrained, so replacement capacity is tight. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"united-nova-technology":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"united-nova-technology","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related power growth at GF (power ICs), Hua Hong (AI PMICs), VIS and Nexchip (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: power-IC orders spill over to Chinese foundries, UMC and Tier 2 foundries; capacity moving to PMIC/BCD (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: customers 'need time ... to qualify new foundry partners' for mature-node power products (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","date":"2026-03-12","support":"TrendForce: cross-fab qualification issues with a major PMIC customer hurt Vanguard's 4Q25 shipments (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch utilization near 90% in 2026; TSMC and Samsung cutting 8-inch capacity since 2H25 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.cls.cn/detail/2349776","date":"2026-04-20","support":"United Nova says its 55nm server power-management chip is in mass production; AI 8.02% of revenue (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"united-nova-technology","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","date":"2026-08-05","support":"VIS expects AI-related chips at a double-digit share of 2026 revenue and cites AI-server power management demand (company statements as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","date":"2026-07-29","support":"UMC's chairman says AI revenue (PMIC/BCD, connectivity, FPGA, photonics) approaches $300m in 2026 (company statement as reported). [date: investor-conference date shown on page]"},{"url":"https://view.asiae.co.kr/en/article/2026080509121961468","date":"2026-08-05","support":"DB HiTek says AI data-centre volume expanded in Q2 2026; it serves about 400 customers (as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/22/news-smic-hua-hong-reportedly-lift-prices-amid-ai-driven-capacity-shifts-hua-hong-expects-more-12-inch-hikes-in-2026/","date":"2026-05-22","support":"TrendForce: Hua Hong cites rapid power-management and BCD growth; HV customers increasingly turn to Chinese foundries. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"TrendForce: SMIC says its BCD products are booked through 2027, so it is an active source of power wafers. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"Chinese alternatives exist but are full: Hua Hong ran at 102.8% utilization in Q2 2026. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://autonews.gasgoo.com/articles/news/2088112950761250816","date":"2026-08-14","support":"United Nova (Unova) says AI business revenue grew 84.31% in H1 2026 and a Phase 4 project will lift capacity above 500,000 8-inch-equivalent wafers a month. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Benchmark: Navitas expected 650V devices to move foundries over 12 to 24 months. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"Domestic alternatives are capacity-short in 2026, which stretches any move. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://autonews.gasgoo.com/articles/news/2088112950761250816","date":"2026-08-14","support":"The article describes a power-semiconductor line-up for AI data-centre power supplies; it names no AI customers or volumes, so the gap is judged from market tightness. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch mature supply is already constrained; some HV orders are moving to Chinese suppliers. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"sanan-ic":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"sanan-ic","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.ledinside.com/news/2026/08/2026_08_06_01","date":"2026-08-06","support":"InP chip makers named include Lumentum, San'an, Yuanjie, Accelink and Everbright (in-house and merchant; full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://technews.tw/?p=1592829","date":"2026-07-24","support":"WIN: data-centre PDs entered volume end-2Q26; CW laser customer qualification takes longer, revenue a year or more out (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.ledinside.com/news/2026/08/2026_08_06_01","date":"2026-08-06","support":"Lumentum CEO: InP supply-demand gap 'has now surpassed that of DRAM and NAND'; imbalance past 2027 (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"sanan-ic","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://trendforce.com/news/2026/08/06/news-inp-shortage-emerges-as-ai-optical-interconnect-bottleneck/","date":"2026-08-06","support":"TrendForce names San'an Optoelectronics among InP substrate and epitaxy suppliers; other InP foundry sources are few. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://technews.tw/2026/03/17/taiwan-epi-wafers-and-optical-communication/","date":"2026-03-17","support":"TechNews names three Taiwanese III-V epi makers; InP epi supply is expected to stay short. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ledinside.com/node/36224","date":"2026-07-14","support":"Benchmark: 18 months from development to production readiness on a photonics platform. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://technews.tw/2026/04/02/win-semiconductors-2026-1-6t-pd-products/","date":"2026-04-02","support":"Industry benchmark, not Sanan-specific: WIN's CW and EML laser wafers are in customer validation until about 2027 (analysts). No Sanan IC-specific 2026 source was found. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://trendforce.com/news/2026/08/06/news-inp-shortage-emerges-as-ai-optical-interconnect-bottleneck/","date":"2026-08-06","support":"Lumentum's CEO says the InP supply-demand gap has surpassed DRAM and NAND; analysts expect the imbalance to persist beyond 2027. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://technews.tw/2026/03/17/taiwan-epi-wafers-and-optical-communication/","date":"2026-03-17","support":"InP substrate prices rose 3% to 5% on tight capacity. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"hua-hong":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"hua-hong","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related power growth at GF (power ICs), Hua Hong (AI PMICs), VIS and Nexchip (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: power-IC orders spill over to Chinese foundries, UMC and Tier 2 foundries; capacity moving to PMIC/BCD (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: customers 'need time ... to qualify new foundry partners' for mature-node power products (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","date":"2026-03-12","support":"TrendForce: cross-fab qualification issues with a major PMIC customer hurt Vanguard's 4Q25 shipments (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch utilization near 90% in 2026; TSMC and Samsung cutting 8-inch capacity since 2H25 (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"hua-hong","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","date":"2026-08-05","support":"VIS expects AI-related chips at a double-digit share of 2026 revenue and cites AI-server power management demand (company statements as reported). 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[date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"Hua Hong ran at 102.8% utilization in Q2 2026 with 508K 8-inch-equivalent wafers a month; its new 12-inch specialty line (55K a month) is due by Jan 2027. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"TrendForce: supply for 8-inch mature-node capacity is constrained. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"win-semiconductors":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"win-semiconductors","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.ledinside.com/news/2026/08/2026_08_06_01","date":"2026-08-06","support":"InP chip makers named include Lumentum, San'an, Yuanjie, Accelink and Everbright (in-house and merchant; full date)."},{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/2241252871","date":"2026-08-05","support":"GCS says an InP substrate shortage limits capacity; AI data-centre orders visible to year-end 2026 (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://technews.tw/?p=1592829","date":"2026-07-24","support":"WIN: data-centre PDs entered volume end-2Q26; CW laser customer qualification takes longer, revenue a year or more out (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.ledinside.com/news/2026/08/2026_08_06_01","date":"2026-08-06","support":"Lumentum CEO: InP supply-demand gap 'has now surpassed that of DRAM and NAND'; imbalance past 2027 (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"win-semiconductors","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://trendforce.com/news/2026/08/06/news-inp-shortage-emerges-as-ai-optical-interconnect-bottleneck/","date":"2026-08-06","support":"TrendForce lists InP epitaxial foundry services at San'an Optoelectronics and Haite subsidiaries, plus Yuanjie and Everbright as chip makers: a few alternatives. 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[date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"silterra":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"silterra","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26: Tower grew on TIAs/drivers and photonic ICs for AI transceivers; GF on TIAs/drivers (full date)."},{"url":"https://telecomlead.com/semiconductor/globalfoundries-rides-ai-and-data-center-boom-as-silicon-photonics-revenue-doubles-124525","date":"2026-02-11","support":"GF silicon-photonics revenue doubled to over US$200m in 2025, expected to nearly double in 2026 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","date":"2026-03-10","support":"ST's PIC100 enters high-volume production; ST plans 'more than quadrupling' output by 2027 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.optics.org/news/nvidia-reveals-plan-to-scale-ai-factories-with-co-packaged-optics","date":"2025-03-19","support":"NVIDIA's co-packaged-optics switch photonic engines use TSMC's COUPE process (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thestar.com.my/business/business-news/2026/08/25/dnex-earnings-set-for-stronger-growth","date":"2026-08-25","support":"SilTerra is engaging 1.6T transceiver customers; adoption could ramp in FY28-FY29 (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://telecomlead.com/semiconductor/globalfoundries-rides-ai-and-data-center-boom-as-silicon-photonics-revenue-doubles-124525","date":"2026-02-11","support":"GF silicon-photonics revenue doubled to over US$200m in 2025, expected to nearly double in 2026 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.thestar.com.my/business/business-news/2026/08/25/dnex-earnings-set-for-stronger-growth","date":"2026-08-25","support":"SilTerra plans to double emerging-technology capacity in 2H26 versus 1H26 (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"silterra","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/07/news-globalfoundries-reportedly-sees-silicon-photonics-revenue-doubling-in-2026-passing-1b-by-2028/","date":"2026-05-07","support":"GF's CEO says it is designed in at three of the top four pluggable transceiver makers (via Investing.com); it launched a CPO platform in May 2026. 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[date: date as listed on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ledinside.com/node/36224","date":"2026-07-14","support":"UMC needed 18 months from development to production readiness on silicon photonics. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.thestar.com.my/business/business-news/2026/08/25/dnex-earnings-set-for-stronger-growth","date":"2026-08-25","support":"SilTerra's emerging-technology capacity doubles in 2H 2026, built toward 2H 2028; its 1.6T demand is expected in FY28-FY29. [date: date as listed on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thestar.com.my/business/business-news/2026/08/25/dnex-earnings-set-for-stronger-growth","date":"2026-08-25","support":"SilTerra's silicon photonics is early-stage; no customers named. [date: date as listed on page]"},{"url":"https://convergedigest.com/tower-semiconductor-secures-1-3-billion-in-silicon-photonics-contracts/","date":"2026-05-13","support":"Tower, a more capable platform, is capacity-booked to 2027, so it cannot take SilTerra's volume at once. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"db-hitek":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"db-hitek","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related power growth at GF (power ICs), Hua Hong (AI PMICs), VIS and Nexchip (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: power-IC orders spill over to Chinese foundries, UMC and Tier 2 foundries; capacity moving to PMIC/BCD (full date)."},{"url":"https://m.ddaily.co.kr/page/view/2026020508553244946","date":"2026-02-05","support":"DB HiTek attributes 2025 growth mainly to AI-linked power semiconductor demand, incl. 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[date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://view.asiae.co.kr/en/article/2026080509121961468","date":"2026-08-05","support":"The company claims technological leadership in high-voltage BCD (company statement as reported); no utilization is given. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch supply constrained, so spare capacity at rivals is limited. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"gcs-holdings":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"gcs-holdings","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.ledinside.com/news/2026/08/2026_08_06_01","date":"2026-08-06","support":"InP chip makers named include Lumentum, San'an, Yuanjie, Accelink and Everbright (in-house and merchant; full date)."},{"url":"https://technews.tw/?p=1592829","date":"2026-07-24","support":"WIN: data-centre PDs entered volume end-2Q26; CW laser customer qualification takes longer, revenue a year or more out (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://technews.tw/?p=1592829","date":"2026-07-24","support":"WIN: data-centre PDs entered volume end-2Q26; CW laser customer qualification takes longer, revenue a year or more out (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/2241252871","date":"2026-08-05","support":"GCS says an InP substrate shortage limits capacity; AI data-centre orders visible to year-end 2026 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.ledinside.com/news/2026/08/2026_08_06_01","date":"2026-08-06","support":"Lumentum CEO: InP supply-demand gap 'has now surpassed that of DRAM and NAND'; imbalance past 2027 (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"gcs-holdings","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://trendforce.com/news/2026/08/06/news-inp-shortage-emerges-as-ai-optical-interconnect-bottleneck/","date":"2026-08-06","support":"Evidence is industry-level only; no GCS-specific current source was found. 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[date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"stmicroelectronics":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"stmicroelectronics","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26: Tower grew on TIAs/drivers and photonic ICs for AI transceivers; GF on TIAs/drivers (full date)."},{"url":"https://telecomlead.com/semiconductor/globalfoundries-rides-ai-and-data-center-boom-as-silicon-photonics-revenue-doubles-124525","date":"2026-02-11","support":"GF silicon-photonics revenue doubled to over US$200m in 2025, expected to nearly double in 2026 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.optics.org/news/nvidia-reveals-plan-to-scale-ai-factories-with-co-packaged-optics","date":"2025-03-19","support":"NVIDIA's co-packaged-optics switch photonic engines use TSMC's COUPE process (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.thestar.com.my/business/business-news/2026/08/25/dnex-earnings-set-for-stronger-growth","date":"2026-08-25","support":"SilTerra is engaging 1.6T transceiver customers; adoption could ramp in FY28-FY29 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","date":"2026-03-10","support":"ST's PIC100 enters high-volume production; ST plans 'more than quadrupling' output by 2027 (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://telecomlead.com/semiconductor/globalfoundries-rides-ai-and-data-center-boom-as-silicon-photonics-revenue-doubles-124525","date":"2026-02-11","support":"GF silicon-photonics revenue doubled to over US$200m in 2025, expected to nearly double in 2026 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","date":"2026-03-10","support":"ST says its PIC100 expansion is 'fully underpinned by customers' long-term capacity reservation commitments' (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"stmicroelectronics","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"optical-sige":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/07/news-globalfoundries-reportedly-sees-silicon-photonics-revenue-doubling-in-2026-passing-1b-by-2028/","date":"2026-05-07","support":"GF's CEO says it is designed in at three of the top four pluggable transceiver makers (via Investing.com); it launched a CPO platform in May 2026. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://ledinside.com/node/36224","date":"2026-07-14","support":"UMC and SILITH report first mass-production photonics wafers from Singapore, qualified by a leading cloud customer (company release). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/928876/000117891326000303/zk2634292.htm","date":"2026-02-05","support":"Tower runs a comparable silicon photonics platform for NVIDIA-aligned 1.6T modules. [date: filing date on page]"},{"url":"https://developer.nvidia.com/blog/how-industry-collaboration-fosters-nvidia-co-packaged-optics","date":"2025-08-26","support":"TSMC's COUPE is used in NVIDIA's CPO switches. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","date":"2026-03-10","support":"ST's PIC100 is its own platform; ST plans to quadruple capacity by 2027 backed by long-term customer reservations. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://ledinside.com/node/36224","date":"2026-07-14","support":"UMC took 18 months from development to production readiness. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.eejournal.com/industry_news/stmicroelectronics-enters-high-volume-production-of-its-industry-leading-silicon-photonics-platform-to-support-ai-infrastructure-demand/","date":"2026-03-10","support":"ST names no customers (only 'leading hyperscalers') and does not say it offers foundry service; a 1.6T demo with Sicoya was planned for OFC 2026. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.marketbeat.com/earnings/reports/2026-2-11-globalfoundries-inc-stock/","date":"2026-02-11","support":"GF reports silicon photonics is oversubscribed. [date: call date shown on the transcript page]"}]}}}}},"sk-keyfoundry":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"sk-keyfoundry","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related power growth at GF (power ICs), Hua Hong (AI PMICs), VIS and Nexchip (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: power-IC orders spill over to Chinese foundries, UMC and Tier 2 foundries; capacity moving to PMIC/BCD (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.ednasia.com/?p=35378","date":"2026-02-06","support":"SK keyfoundry launched 200V BCD for 800V DC AI data centres; the company says few foundries offer it (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: customers 'need time ... to qualify new foundry partners' for mature-node power products (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","date":"2026-03-12","support":"TrendForce: cross-fab qualification issues with a major PMIC customer hurt Vanguard's 4Q25 shipments (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch utilization near 90% in 2026; TSMC and Samsung cutting 8-inch capacity since 2H25 (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"sk-keyfoundry","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","date":"2026-08-05","support":"VIS expects AI-related chips at a double-digit share of 2026 revenue and cites AI-server power management demand (company statements as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","date":"2026-07-29","support":"UMC's chairman says AI revenue (PMIC/BCD, connectivity, FPGA, photonics) approaches $300m in 2026 (company statement as reported). [date: investor-conference date shown on page]"},{"url":"https://view.asiae.co.kr/en/article/2026080509121961468","date":"2026-08-05","support":"DB HiTek says AI data-centre volume expanded in Q2 2026; it serves about 400 customers (as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/22/news-smic-hua-hong-reportedly-lift-prices-amid-ai-driven-capacity-shifts-hua-hong-expects-more-12-inch-hikes-in-2026/","date":"2026-05-22","support":"TrendForce: Hua Hong cites rapid power-management and BCD growth; HV customers increasingly turn to Chinese foundries. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"TrendForce: SMIC says its BCD products are booked through 2027, so it is an active source of power wafers. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://autonews.gasgoo.com/articles/news/2088112950761250816","date":"2026-08-14","support":"United Nova says AI business revenue grew 84.31% in H1 2026 and it has a power line-up for AI data-centre supplies. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.ednasia.com/?p=35378","date":"2026-02-06","support":"SK keyfoundry's 200V BCD process is still moving to mass production (target within 2026), so there is little qualified volume to replace. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Benchmark: initial-device qualification about 3 to 6 months. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.ednasia.com/?p=35378","date":"2026-02-06","support":"It claims over 20% better specific on-resistance than its prior generation (company statement); no evidence rivals cannot match. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"TrendForce: other 8-inch foundries are full but shiftable at higher prices. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"psmc":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"psmc","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related power growth at GF (power ICs), Hua Hong (AI PMICs), VIS and Nexchip (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: power-IC orders spill over to Chinese foundries, UMC and Tier 2 foundries; capacity moving to PMIC/BCD (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Navitas expects initial PSMC devices qualified in Q4 2025 and 100V production in 1H26 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: customers 'need time ... to qualify new foundry partners' for mature-node power products (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch utilization near 90% in 2026; TSMC and Samsung cutting 8-inch capacity since 2H25 (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"psmc","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"PSMC will make Navitas's 100V-650V GaN at its 200mm Fab 8B; Navitas is also qualifying additional suppliers. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.ledinside.com/node/35291","date":"2025-07-04","support":"TSMC, the incumbent GaN source, exits by July 2027, so PSMC's GaN has few peers. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/10/news-tsmc-reportedly-set-to-shift-80-of-8-inch-output-to-affiliate-vis-doubling-its-capacity/","date":"2026-02-10","support":"VIS runs GaN-on-Si via licensing, another GaN foundry. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Navitas expects the 650V family to move from TSMC to PSMC over 12 to 24 months; 100V in 1H26. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"PSMC's P5 fab divestment is reshaping 12-inch supply, a further source of change. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"PSMC's 2025 AI power volume is small and GaN adds volume only from 2026; GaN has other foundries (TSMC until 2027, VIS, GF, DB HiTek). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"No PSMC-specific capability gap was identified; its wafers are shiftable at a price. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"gta-semiconductor":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"gta-semiconductor","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related power growth at GF (power ICs), Hua Hong (AI PMICs), VIS and Nexchip (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: power-IC orders spill over to Chinese foundries, UMC and Tier 2 foundries; capacity moving to PMIC/BCD (full date)."},{"url":"https://yicaiglobal.com/news/china-gta-to-invest-over-usd39-billion-for-second-phase-of-wafer-plant-in-shanghai-lingang-ftz","date":"2022-05-06","support":"GTA runs about 60,000 8-inch wafers a month and is adding 12-inch capacity (old source; full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: customers 'need time ... to qualify new foundry partners' for mature-node power products (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","date":"2026-03-12","support":"TrendForce: cross-fab qualification issues with a major PMIC customer hurt Vanguard's 4Q25 shipments (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch utilization near 90% in 2026; TSMC and Samsung cutting 8-inch capacity since 2H25 (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"gta-semiconductor","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","date":"2026-08-05","support":"VIS expects AI-related chips at a double-digit share of 2026 revenue and cites AI-server power management demand (company statements as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","date":"2026-07-29","support":"UMC's chairman says AI revenue (PMIC/BCD, connectivity, FPGA, photonics) approaches $300m in 2026 (company statement as reported). [date: investor-conference date shown on page]"},{"url":"https://view.asiae.co.kr/en/article/2026080509121961468","date":"2026-08-05","support":"DB HiTek says AI data-centre volume expanded in Q2 2026; it serves about 400 customers (as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/22/news-smic-hua-hong-reportedly-lift-prices-amid-ai-driven-capacity-shifts-hua-hong-expects-more-12-inch-hikes-in-2026/","date":"2026-05-22","support":"TrendForce: Hua Hong cites rapid power-management and BCD growth; HV customers increasingly turn to Chinese foundries. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"TrendForce: SMIC says its BCD products are booked through 2027, so it is an active source of power wafers. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://autonews.gasgoo.com/articles/news/2088112950761250816","date":"2026-08-14","support":"United Nova says AI business revenue grew 84.31% in H1 2026 and it has a power line-up for AI data-centre supplies. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Benchmark: initial-device qualification about 3 to 6 months. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"TrendForce: Chinese 8-inch foundries reached full utilization first; HV orders move between Taiwanese and Chinese suppliers. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/22/news-smic-hua-hong-reportedly-lift-prices-amid-ai-driven-capacity-shifts-hua-hong-expects-more-12-inch-hikes-in-2026/","date":"2026-05-22","support":"TrendForce: customers are moving HV orders to Chinese foundries for stable pricing and capacity. Evidence thin: no GTA-specific 2026 source found. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"No capability gap evidence for GTA specifically. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"xfab":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"xfab","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://compoundsemiconductor.net/article/124937/X-FAB_announces_Q2_results","date":"2026-08-10","support":"X-FAB reports three SiC data-centre design wins; wide-bandgap revenue US$10.6m in 2Q26 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.cls.cn/detail/2349776","date":"2026-04-20","support":"United Nova cites Yole ranking its SiC business top five globally (about 5%); utilisation high (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related power growth at GF (power ICs), Hua Hong (AI PMICs), VIS and Nexchip (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: customers 'need time ... to qualify new foundry partners' for mature-node power products (full date)."},{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Navitas expects initial PSMC devices qualified in Q4 2025 and 100V production in 1H26 (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch utilization near 90% in 2026; TSMC and Samsung cutting 8-inch capacity since 2H25 (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.cls.cn/detail/2349776","date":"2026-04-20","support":"United Nova cites Yole ranking its SiC business top five globally (about 5%); utilisation high (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"xfab","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://compoundsemiconductor.net/article/124937/X-FAB_announces_Q2_results","date":"2026-08-10","support":"X-FAB won three SiC design wins in Q2 2026 and sees about $300m long-term data-centre revenue potential (company statement). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://view.asiae.co.kr/en/article/2026080509121961468","date":"2026-08-05","support":"DB HiTek has added SiC and GaN to its process line-up: another wide-bandgap foundry. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/02/10/news-tsmc-reportedly-set-to-shift-80-of-8-inch-output-to-affiliate-vis-doubling-its-capacity/","date":"2026-02-10","support":"VIS offers GaN platforms via licensing. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":3,"evidence":[{"url":"https://compoundsemiconductor.net/article/124937/X-FAB_announces_Q2_results","date":"2026-08-10","support":"SiC activity is at prototyping and design-win stage; wide-bandgap revenue was $10.6m in Q2 2026, so any move involves a new SiC process qualification of a year or more (inference). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Benchmark: Navitas's 650V GaN move takes 12 to 24 months. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://compoundsemiconductor.net/article/124937/X-FAB_announces_Q2_results","date":"2026-08-10","support":"X-FAB's wide-bandgap revenue is $10.6m a quarter and its data-centre volume is small; evidence on rivals' SiC capability is thin. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://view.asiae.co.kr/en/article/2026080509121961468","date":"2026-08-05","support":"At least one other foundry is adding SiC and GaN processes. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"cr-micro":{"a":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"cr-micro","rater":"a","model":"claude-opus-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260909-13225.html","date":"2026-09-09","support":"TrendForce 2Q26 names AI-related power growth at GF (power ICs), Hua Hong (AI PMICs), VIS and Nexchip (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: power-IC orders spill over to Chinese foundries, UMC and Tier 2 foundries; capacity moving to PMIC/BCD (full date)."}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: customers 'need time ... to qualify new foundry partners' for mature-node power products (full date)."},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260312-12965.html","date":"2026-03-12","support":"TrendForce: cross-fab qualification issues with a major PMIC customer hurt Vanguard's 4Q25 shipments (full date)."}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260507-13036.html","date":"2026-05-07","support":"TrendForce: 8-inch utilization near 90% in 2026; TSMC and Samsung cutting 8-inch capacity since 2H25 (full date)."}]}}}},"b":{"schema":"5lc-index-rating/1","key":"chips-foundry","entityId":"cr-micro","rater":"b","model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","ratedAt":"2026-10-22","functions":{"power-analog":{"alternatives":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2026/08/05/2003861938","date":"2026-08-05","support":"VIS expects AI-related chips at a double-digit share of 2026 revenue and cites AI-server power management demand (company statements as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://uanalyze.com.tw/articles/4157152427","date":"2026-07-29","support":"UMC's chairman says AI revenue (PMIC/BCD, connectivity, FPGA, photonics) approaches $300m in 2026 (company statement as reported). [date: investor-conference date shown on page]"},{"url":"https://view.asiae.co.kr/en/article/2026080509121961468","date":"2026-08-05","support":"DB HiTek says AI data-centre volume expanded in Q2 2026; it serves about 400 customers (as reported). [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/22/news-smic-hua-hong-reportedly-lift-prices-amid-ai-driven-capacity-shifts-hua-hong-expects-more-12-inch-hikes-in-2026/","date":"2026-05-22","support":"TrendForce: Hua Hong cites rapid power-management and BCD growth; HV customers increasingly turn to Chinese foundries. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/08/17/news-chinas-top-two-foundries-hit-capacity-crunch-whats-next-for-smic-and-hua-hongs-expansion-plans/","date":"2026-08-17","support":"TrendForce: SMIC says its BCD products are booked through 2027, so it is an active source of power wafers. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://autonews.gasgoo.com/articles/news/2088112950761250816","date":"2026-08-14","support":"United Nova says AI business revenue grew 84.31% in H1 2026 and it has a power line-up for AI data-centre supplies. [date: full date on page]"}]},"switchingTime":{"level":2,"evidence":[{"url":"https://ir.navitassemi.com/node/10876/html","date":"2025-07-01","support":"Benchmark: initial-device qualification about 3 to 6 months. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"TrendForce: orders already shift between Taiwanese and Chinese 8-inch foundries. [date: full date on page]"}]},"capabilityGap":{"level":1,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/news/2026/05/22/news-smic-hua-hong-reportedly-lift-prices-amid-ai-driven-capacity-shifts-hua-hong-expects-more-12-inch-hikes-in-2026/","date":"2026-05-22","support":"TrendForce: HV and power customers are turning to Chinese foundries. Evidence thin: no CR Micro-specific 2026 source found. [date: full date on page]"},{"url":"https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20260630-13127.html","date":"2026-06-30","support":"No capability gap evidence for CR Micro specifically. [date: full date on page]"}]}}}}},"smart-photonics":{},"nexchip":{},"cansemi":{},"awsc":{},"episil":{},"ligentec":{},"cumec":{},"silex-microsystems":{}},"validation":[]}